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The In 3d(5/2) photoelectron spectroscopy peak has been widely used to determine the interface structures of In-containing III-V device materials (e.g., oxidation states). However, an unclear parameter affecting the determination of the energy shifts and number of the core-level components, and therefore, the interpreted interface structure and composition, is still the intrinsic In 3d(5/2) peak l
In vitro mutagen binding ability of human Lactobacillus rhamnosus 231 (Lr 231) was evaluated against acridine orange (AO), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), 2-amino-3, 8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPD). Binding of AO by Lr 231 is due to adsorption, thereby leading to removal of mutagen in solution and is instantaneous, pH- and concentratio
Using population-wide data on inventors and their demographic characteristics, the paper analyzes trends and patterns by technologies in age, the level of education, and gender gap. We find that the education level of inventors has risen over time. We also find that the gender gap is closing but at slower pace than in other comparable areas of society. Much to our surprise, the average age of inve
The transcription factor Delta FosB is a mediator of maladaptive neuroplasticity in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Using an antibody that recognizes all known isoforms of FosB and Delta FosB, we have examined the expression of these proteins in post-mortem basal ganglia sections from PD patients. The patient cases were classified as being dyskinetic or non
We present pollen-based reconstructions of the spatio-temporal dynamics of northern European regional vegetation abundance through the Holocene. We apply the Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model using fossil pollen records from eighteen sites within five modern biomes in the region. The eighteen sites are classified into four time-trajectory types on the basi
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze how an altered collagen structure affects development of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fibromodulin-null mice develop an abnormal collagen fibril structure. In apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-null and ApoE/fibromodulin-null mice, a shear stress-modifying carotid artery cast induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques of different phenotypes;
Although many studies have been made for homogenous constant diffusion, bone is an inhomogeneous material. It has been suggested that bone porosity decreases from the inner boundaries to the outer boundaries of the long bones. The diffusivity of substances in the bone matrix is believed to increase as the bone porosity increases. In this study, an experimental set up is used where bovine bone samp
We analysed 12 years of data on the spring migration of the common toad Bufo bufo L. to breeding ponds across 25 locations in Derbyshire, UK, to determine factors influencing the number of toads active per night. We also tested whether the timing of spring migration is predicted by annual variation in temperature or precipitation. More toads migrate in warmer temperatures and as the moon waxes, wh
A method for simultaneous measurements of fluorescence lifetimes of two species along a line is described. The experimental setup is based on picosecond laser pulses from two tunable optical parametric generator/optical parametric amplifier systems together with a streak camera. With an appropriate optical time delay between the two laser pulses, whose wavelengths are tuned to excite two different
Objective. To investigate whether comorbidity as assessed by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is associated with mortality in a long-term followup of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods. Data were collected from 499 SLE patients attending the Lupus Clinic at the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and 170 SLE patients from the Department of Rheumatology
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hexane (HEXA), chloroform (CHLORO), ethyl acetate (EA) and total alcoholic (T. ALCOH) extracts of Marrubium alysson in hypercholesterolemic-fed rabbits were evaluated. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male rabbits by high cholesterol diet (HCD) (350 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Hypercholesterolemic rabbits were allocated into groups, treated with simvasta
Resolving the spatial and temporal dynamics of gross primary productivity (GPP) of terrestrial ecosystems across different scales remains a challenge. Remote sensing is regarded as the solution to upscale point observations conducted at the ecosystem level, using the eddy covariance (EC) technique, to the landscape and global levels. In addition to traditional vegetation indices, the photochemical
In this work, three different methods were used to determine the phase behavior of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2). Rough values for the total solubility of AKD in SC-CO2 were obtained. The solubility ranges from 1 to 14 mg AKD/g CO2 at temperatures from 40 to 80 degrees C and pressures from 10 to 30 MPa. A significant increase in solubility was observed in the re
A process industrial site may consist of several production areas, some producing intermediate products for further refinement in other areas, and some producing end products. The areas may share the same utilities, such as steam and cooling water, which means that the areas could be connected both by the flow of products through the site and by the use of the same utilities. Management of utility
Abstract in UndeterminedWe show experimentally that gaseous CO2 intercalates into the interlayer space of the synthetic smectite clay Na-fluorohectorite at conditions nottoo far from ambient. The mean interlayer repetition distance of the clay when CO2 is intercalated is found to be 12.5 Å for the conditions −20 °C and 15 bar. The magnitude of the expansion of the interlayer upon intercalation is
This article gives an overview of the studies on the environment surrounding the Abisko Scientific Research Station in Swedish Lapland. The long-term monitoring of the Station on processes related to the climate, and to the physical, biotic, and chemical environmental conditions is particularly addressed. Some variables are recorded since more than 100 years. The obtained data in combination with
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that shares both similarities and differences with female breast cancer (FBC). The aim of this study was to assess genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in MBC and compare them with the previously identified transcriptional subgroups of MBC, luminal M1 and M2, as well as the intrinsic subtypes of FBC. Illumina's 450K Infinium arrays were applied to 47 MBC
BackgroundTreatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children is largely based on extrapolated knowledge obtained from adults and which varies between different hospitals. This study explores ventilation treatment strategies for children with ARDS in the Nordic countries, and compares these with international practice. MethodsIn October 2012, a questionnaire covering ventilation tr
