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Patient choice of treatment provider was introduced within opioid substitution treatment in the southern Swedish county of Skåne in 2014. Substitution treatment has often been criticised for being strict, rule-based, and driven by an ethos of discipline. This study explores the patients’ views and experiences of patient choice, particularly as a potential means of empowerment. The study is based o
Aims: Privileged access interviewing (PAI) has traditionally been used to reach illicit drug users and other ‘hidden’ populations. How PAI data compare to other self-reported data have seldom been discussed. We compare data from patients in opioid substitution treatment (OST), gathered through PAI and researcher interviews, respectively, to investigate whether PAIs and researchers are reaching com
There is a global concern about the decline of wild pollinators and the ecosystem services they provide. Although land-use change is a major threat to biodiversity, it is still poorly understood how land-use heterogeneity (or land-use structure) impacts pollinator communities and entomophilous crop production. Based on a literature review, we performed a meta-analysis to (1) assess how landscape s
Telomerase plays an important role in sustaining eukaryotic linear chromosomes, as elongation of telomeres is needed to counterbalance the shortening occurring in each replication round. Nevertheless, in telomerase-deficient cells, Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) pathways can maintain telomeres by employing recombination-based mechanisms. In the budding yeast Naumovozyma castellii, effe
Purpose: To analyse risk of osteoporotic fractures in foreign-born individuals migrating to Sweden at different ages, compared to Swedish-born individuals. Methods: This was a nationwide open cohort study including individuals ≥30 years of age at baseline (N = 4,715,081). Foreign-born individuals were divided as having arrived to and being registered in Sweden from the ages 0–30 years of age or >3
Helsingborg has a strong trading heritage and a unique strategic location within the Nordic region. It's no coincidence that these factors have combined in the digital age to position Helsingborg as a key player in the world of e-commerce.The city's natural geographic advantages, alongside significant investments in infrastructure, have established a strong foundation for Helsingborg to become a l
Osteoderms, skeletal structures in the skin, are found in many animals and serve diverse roles. In some lizards, the bony osteoderm has a capping tissue (CT) whose composition and structure remain unknown. Here, the composition and nanostructure of osteoderms from the Mexican beaded lizard (Heloderma horridum) are investigated. The CT is highly mineralized with an extraordinarily high elastic modu
Trots dess introduktion under början av 1950-talet används vaskulär impedans ännu inte i klinisk omfattning för att förutsäga tidiga stadier av hjärt-kärlsjukdomar. Definierad som förhållandet mellan blodtryck och blodflöde beskriver vaskulär impedans motståndet mot blodflödet i det vaskulära systemet.Under detta avhandlingsprojekt uppskattades den lokala pulsvåghastigheten (PWV) och vaskulära impDespite its introduction in the early 1950´s, vascular impedance has yet to be applied in clinical use to predict early stages of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is defined as the ratio between blood pressure and flow and describes the opposition to blood flow within the cardiovascular system.During this thesis project, local pulse wave velocity (PWV) and vascular impedance was estimated from in
We present time-resolved three-dimensional measurements of the averaged liquid mass distribution generated by the Spray M from the Engine Combustion Network. The operating condition corresponds to a non-reacting early injection case for spray-guided gasoline injection during the first 200 μs. Few-femtosecond X-rays from a compact laser wakefield accelerator, enable quantitative spray measurements,
This paper presents a search for a new Z′ resonance decaying into a pair of dark quarks which hadronise into dark hadrons before promptly decaying back as Standard Model particles. This analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider between 2015 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. After sele
Loss and damage in fisheries is acknowledged in climate change policy and science but is both undefined and contested, and there is a lack of empirical exploration of the topic. This paper presents the first in-depth, empirical analysis of how fishers’ situated knowledge of socio-ecological changes can inform our understanding of loss and damage in fisheries. The paper conducts a case study from M
Contractile injection systems (CISs) are phage tail-like nanosyringes that mediate bacterial interactions by puncturing target cell membranes. Within these systems, Photorhabdus Virulence Cassettes (PVCs) can translocate toxins across eukaryotic target cell membranes and have been engineered to deliver diverse protein cargoes into non-natively-targeted organisms. Despite the structural insights in
This qualitative study explores the existential dimensions of youths’ lived experiences in residential care through an existential – phenomenological approach. Based on in-depth interviews and participant observations with 16 youths in Swedish residential care, the study investigates how young people navigate existential concerns such as freedom, anxiety, and meaning within an institutional contex
Based on the context of a developing country, this research engages key identified political-economy aspects that influence the operations and performance of the electricity supply industry in Tanzania. Departing from this political-economy perspective, this paper explores dencentralized approaches to rural electrification through agro-industry co-generation and influencing factors behind the slow
Protected areas (PAs) embody a historical legacy of value contestation and human exclusion. While the rise of community-based conservation in the 1980s sought to reconfigure this mechanism by running a counter narrative arguing that biodiversity conservation and development were mutually reinforcing objectives, exclusionary PAs continue to maintain a strong position in the conservation discourse.
As cities expand and climate change effects become more intense and frequent, local governance has gained increased attention as capable of implementing the necessary measures for sustainability. One city in Brazil, Jundiaí, has managed to integrate participatory processes in its local planning and has become an example for other cities in Brazil. This city lies between a water reserve and a biolo
Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) are unique ecosystems that are frequently surrounded by clouds which increase humidity and promote the growth of bryophytes. Several dimensions of humidity are important for the carbon dynamics of bryophytes. Climate change is therefore projected to have a large impact on them as well as on the TMCF itself. The present study aimed to investigate the effects th
Evaluating reservoirs with alternating sequences of sand and shale meet the challenge of quantifying the effect from clay minerals. The clay minerals have an impact on logging tools and the resulting data. When not considering the effects, a formation evaluation will present incorrect results on e.g. porosity and water saturation leading to management decisions based on poor quality interpretation
In regard to the energy sector, it is generally presumed that in post-Lisbon era and since the adoption of Third Energy Package the Member States and institutions of the Union act in a shared format. However, by developing new legislation in the field, supra-national institutions tend to shift the competence away from shared (as it currently stands). Even if the guidelines for decisions granting e
