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A method is described for production of time series of atmospherically distorted wavefronts following Kolmogorov statistics. The method uses Taylor's hypothesis (`frozen turbulence') to generate the temporal development of the aberrations caused by an atmospheric turbulence layer. An arbitrary number of turbulence layers can be used to generate the final wavefront.

One consequence of migration of large populations from Middle East and North Africa to Europe is that European legal systems meet various forms of Islamic law. In some cases, for example the dissolution of a marriage entered in a foreign state, European courts in some circumstances have to take foreign laws based on the Islamic tradition into consideration within the framework of international pri

The UV-absorbing capacity (measured as A(310) cm(-2) and A(365) cm(-2) or AUVR cm(-2)) of the shade leaves of four representative evergreen sclerophylls of the Mediterranean region (Quercus coccifera, Q. ilex, Arbutus andrachne and A. unedo) was considerably lower than the corresponding one of sun leaves of the same species. However, fibre optic microprobe measurements showed that adaxial as well

Women in the 19th century in the south of Sweden. Lifestyle, gender relations, women's emancipation

Bacteriuria is associated with acute disease conditions of varying severity.48 and 62 Consequently, the definition of bacterial virulence for the urinary tract depends on the end-point chosen. Acute pyelonephritis is characterized by fever, flank pain, and general malaise. Laboratory findings include pyuria (leukocytes in the urine), elevated acute phase reactants in serum (C reactive protein [CRP

Background: People with psychosis have a reduced life expectancy of 10-20years, largely due to cardiovascular disease. This trial aimed to determine the effectiveness of a modular health promotion intervention (IMPaCT Therapy) in improving health and reducing cardiovascular risk in psychosis. Methods: A multicentre, two arm, parallel cluster RCT was conducted across five UK mental health NHS trust

To define fibre type grouping in terms of random and non-random arrangements of the two fibre types, type 1 (ST) and type 2 (FT), we adopted the measure of counting the number of "enclosed fibres". The statistical properties of the number of enclosed fibres, and the number and size of groups of enclosed fibres were studied in computer-simulated muscle cross-sections, using a model based upon hexag

Background: In recent years an increase of the incidence of nosocomial outbreaks caused by noroviruses has been observed throughout Sweden, with high peaks noted in the winter seasons 2002/2003 and 2004/2005, respectively. Objectives: To phylogenetically characterize norovirus strains causing nosocomial outbreaks from 1997 to 2005 and estimate the impact of norovirus-like disease on the Swedish he

Many clinics in rural western Kenya lack access to safe water and hand-washing facilities. To address this problem, in 2005 a programme was initiated to install water stations for hand washing and drinking water in 109 health facilities, train health workers on water treatment and hygiene, and motivate clients to adopt these practices. In 2008, we evaluated this intervention's impact by conducting

PurposeSelenium has been suggested to be protective against breast cancer, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Hence, it is important to further examine the potential protective effect. This prospective cohort study investigates pre-diagnostic selenium intake in relation to breast cancer risk. In addition, we analyze serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake.MethodsThis study includes 17,035

The Iron Curtain was not an impenetrable divide, and contacts between East and West took place regularly and on various levels throughout the Cold War. This book explores how the European tourist industry transcended the ideological fault lines and the communist states attracted an ever-increasing number of Western tourists. Based on extensive original research, it examines the ramifications of to

It is important to study the factors affecting estimates of wetness since wetness is crucial in climate change studies. The availability of digital elevation models (DEMs) generated with high resolution data is increasing, and their use is expanding. LIDAR earth elevation data have been used to create several DEMs with different resolutions, using various interpolation parameters, in order to comp

The diagnostic validity of the new research algorithms of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and the revised algorithms of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule was examined in a clinical sample of children aged 18-47 months. Validity was determined for each instrument separately and their combination against a clinical consensus diagnosis. A total of N = 268 children (n = 171 with autis