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BackgroundMortality among children under five remains a significant health challenge across sub-Saharan Africa. HIV/AIDS is one of the leading contributors to the relatively slow decline in under-five mortality in this region. In Tanzania, HIV prevalence among under-five children is high and 90% of all infections are due to mother-to-child transmission.ObjectivesThe study aimed to examine the asso
Kulturarvsfinansiering internationellt. Komparativ studie.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, overall and stratified by Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibody status.METHODS: A cohort of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome in Sweden (n=960) and matched controls from the general population (n=9,035) were included, and data extracted from the National Patient Register to identify event
Preeclampsia is a human placental disorder affecting 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide annually, with hypertension and proteinuria appearing after 20 weeks of gestation. The underlying cause is believed to be incomplete trophoblast invasion of the maternal spiral arteries during placentation in the first trimester, resulting in oxidative and nitrative stress as well as maternal inflammation and organ
Objectives: Health promotion is on the global agenda. The risks targeted include smoking, hazardous alcohol consumption, nutrition and insufficient physical activity. Implementation of clinical health promotion, however, remains a major challenge. While several processes, models and frameworks for strategic implementation exist, very few have been tested in randomized designs. Testing a strategic
Enzymes were deposited on different porous support materials and these preparations were used to catalyze reactions in organic media. Reactions were carried out at specific water activities, achieved by equilibrating both the enzyme preparation and the substrate solution at the desired water activity before mixing them and thereby starting the reactions. The reaction rates obtained at the same wat
Background: Smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and causes exposure to cadmium, which is a pro-atherosclerotic metal. Cadmium exposure has also been shown to increase the risk of CVD, even after adjustment for smoking. Our hypothesis was that part of the risk of CVD in smokers may be mediated by cadmium exposure from tobacco smoke. We examined this hypothesis in a medi
Motor aspects of Parkinson's disease, such as fluctuations and dyskinesia, can be reliably evaluated using a variety of "wearable" technologies, but practical guidance on objective measurement (OM) and the optimum use of these devices is lacking. Therefore, as a first step, a panel of movement disorder specialists met to provide guidance on how OM could be assessed and incorporated into clinical g
Aim: To investigate the ecological relationship between breeding and wintering in specialist and generalist long-distance migratory species, and the links between densities and range sizes. Location: Denmark, Senegal and Ghana. Methods: We use radio tracking to study spatial behavior and habitat use in three morphologically and ecologically similar and closely related Phylloscopus species on their
BACKGROUND: With substantial progress made toward polio eradication, developing the appropriate strategy for discontinuing global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) after global eradication becomes increasingly important. At issue is the theoretical risk of independent circulation of potentially virulent OPV-derived strains. Because Cuba uses OPV only in mass campaigns, it represents an ideal site to a
This research investigated gender differences in misperceptions of gender differences in income. We hypothesized that men misperceive and underestimate the magnitude of gender income differences to a greater extent than women. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire, and respondents' (N = 314) perceptions of income differences were compared with official statistics. Results indicated that m
The mineralo-sphere is an important micro habitat in terrestrial ecosystems. How different groups of microorganisms colonise mineral surfaces and whether the level of grassland land-use intensity (LUI) modifies this micro-habitat is not well known, however. We exposed mesh containers filled with pristine soil minerals (illite/goethite) mixed with 13C labelled root litter of Dactylis glomerata and
Report for Tillväxtverket – the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth.
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical fruit which is considered to be a source of dietary fiber (DF) and phenolic compounds (PCs). In this study, high DF mango-based fruit bars were developed from whole mango (peel and pulp). The bars were evaluated for their nutritional composition, the bioaccesibility of PCs during gastrointestinal digestion, and the PCs metabolites profile after in vitro co
Context. Although more than 2000 brown dwarfs have been detected to date, mainly from direct imaging, their characterisation is difficult due to their faintness and model-dependent results. In the case of transiting brown dwarfs, however, it is possible to make direct high-precision observations.Aims: Our aim is to investigate the nature and formation of brown dwarfs by adding a new well-character
Background Endotoxin induces an inflammatory response, with secondary release of cytokines, which can progress to shock and multiple organ failure. We explored whether continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) using a modified membrane (oXiris) capable of adsorption could reduce endotoxin and cytokine levels in septic patients. Methods Sixteen patients requiring CRRT for septic shock-associated
