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The purpose of the paper is to analyse informal collaboration in the public transport sector. Two Swedish case studies, Living lab Uddevalla and Guidelines for Regional BRT are analysed and compared concerning what kind of learning occurred and what lessons regarding informal collaboration to draw from the two cases. For both cases the analysis indicates that individual, single loop learning is th
The Papillomaviridae is a family of small, non-enveloped viruses with double-stranded DNA genomes of 5 748 to 8 607 bp. Their classification is based on pairwise nucleotide sequence identity across the L1 open reading frame. Members of the Papillomaviridae primarily infect mucosal and keratinised epithelia, and have been isolated from fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. Despite a long co-evolutiona
The rapid development of handheld technologies such as smartphones and personal digital assistants in recent years has created opportunities for the mobile workforce to take advantage of computerised information systems. To apprehend and harness the opportunities of computerised information systems implemented on handheld devices it is crucial to fully understand the user group and the handheld te
The complement system is one of the most important defence mechanisms against bacteria and pathogens. It acts within the framework of both innate and adaptive immunity. In addition to direct elimination of pathogens, complement also supports waste removal (dying cells, immune complexes, and misfolded proteins) and guides effector mechanisms of the adaptive immune response. Key events in complement
As an ambition to stress the construction of an external and an internal dimension within law I have chosen to study the non-pecuniary damages to victims of crime. The foundation for these damages came from the deep structure of law about the idea that the right to integrity of the human body and soul are one of the corner- stones in the state governed by law. But when it comes to estimating the a
Modern media messages are visually fragmented since they are built up of various visual elements and units (Holsanova & Nord, 2010). This tendency has also been described as atomization of news texts (Knox, 2007) or as modularization of the text design (Bucher, 2000). Media messages are also multimodal in the sense that they contain delimited parts of text (articles, headlines, briefs, lists o
This explorative study investigated how the participants experienced a VR-presentation of an office building. Three office types (landscape, mixed and traditional) were presented in a between-subjects experimental design to employees at the Ericsson company in Sweden. The effects on the participants’ experience were measured using the Semantic Environ¬mental Scale (the SMB-scale, Küller 1975; 1991
Objective: To investigate test-retest reliability and internal consistency of a new instrument for evaluation of mobility device interventions. Material and methods: The instrument comprised 4 scales and one summed index. Two test-retest interviews involved 147 mobility device users (mean age 60 years) with a broad range of functional limitations, living at home. Results: For 2 scales and the summ
Aims: To assess, by systematic review of the literature, (1) the prevalence and incidence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain after whiplash trauma, and (2) whether treatment modalities commonly used for TMD are equally effective in patients with solely TMD pain and those with TMD/whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) pain. Methods: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library
It is well known that adoptive transfer of donor-derived tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) helps to reduce acute allograft rejection. However, this method cannot effectively prevent grafts from infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrosis, and thus has minimal effect on chronic allograft rejection. In this study, we used mitomycin C (MMC) to generate tolerogenic DC and demonstrated that donor (B
Background: Degraded extracellular matrix can stimulate the innate immune system via the Toll-Like Receptor-4 (TLR4). In the pancreas, syndecan-anchored heparan sulphate (HS) on the ductal epithelium can be cleaved off its protein cores by the proteases (trypsin and elastase) and potentially activate TLR4 signalling. Methods: To investigate this signalling event, a low sulphated HS (500 mu g/ml) w
Popular Abstract in Swedish Luftvägsinfektioner som orsakas av bakterier och virus är en av de ledande orsakerna till sjukdom i världen. De kännetecknas av inflammation i svalg, hals, näsa, öron eller i lungorna. I näsa och hals finns en normalflora av bakterier som lever i samspel med sin värd och som normalt sett inte orsakar infektioner. Ibland kan dessa bakterier ändå orsaka sjukdom, som då imOuter membrane vesicles (OMV) have the size of nanoparticles and are released from the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria. The OMV reflect the composition of the bacterial outer membrane, including lipids and virulence factors specific for the pathogen, and are involved in pathogenesis and bacterial survival. Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae are Gram-negative bacterial s
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent APC in the organism. Immature dendritic cells (iDC) reside in the tissue where they capture pathogens whereas mature dendritic cells (mDC) are able to activate T cells in the lymph node. This dramatic functional change is mediated by an important genetic reprogramming. Glycosylation is the most common form of posttranslational modification of proteins and h
The effect of hyperthermia and/or nicotinamide (200 mg/kg of body weight) on the tumour growth delay induced by radiation was evaluated in a C3H mouse mammary adenocarcinoma. The study showed a radiosensitizing effect of hyperthermia and of nicotinamide but the combination of all three modalitites showed no increased tumor growth delay compared to hyperthermia and radiation alone. The tumour growt
Popular Abstract in Swedish Från 1980-talet har etiken diskuterats flitigt i samhället. Det har i samband med detta utvecklats etiska kommittéer. Etiska kommittéer är en typ av organ inom företag, branscher, professioner och andra organisationer som handhar etiska frågor och problem. De etiska kommittéerna fungerar rådgivande i etiska frågor, de kan fastställa etiska regler för en organisation ochThis thesis analyses the development of ethics committees from a sociology of law perspective and a social steerage perspective ("social control"). The main question is: Why are ethics committees established? Institutionalised ethics committee is a rather new phenomenon, which has become widely spread in the last 20 years. The study points out the public ethical debate since the 1980s as a major e
Searching for a possible explanation for the phenotypic heterogeneity in IgG3 deficiency, we studied the antibody response to a polysaccharide and a protein antigen in IgG3-deficient (IgG3d) adults after vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide (Hib CP) conjugated to tetanus toxoid. Distribution of isotypes, idiotypes, clonotypes, and Gm allotypes were compared. All t
This thesis deals with computational methods in algebra, mainly focusing on the concept of Gröbner and SAGBI bases in non-commutative algebras. The material has a natural division into two parts. The first part is a rather extensive treatment of the basic theory of Gröbner bases and SAGBI bases in the non-commutative polynomial ring. The second part is a collection of six papers. In the first pap
The European Spallation Source (ESS), Lund, Sweden will be a 5MW long-pulse neutron spallation research facility and will enable new opportunities for researchers in the fields of life sciences, energy, environmental technology, cultural heritage and fundamental physics. Neutrons are produced by accelerating a high-energy proton beam into a rotating helium-cooled tungsten target. These neutrons pa
OBJECTIVE: The overall objective was to unfold the phenomenon of interrater agreement: to identify potential sources of variation in agreement data and to explore how they can be statistically accounted for. The ultimate aim was to propose recommendations for in-depth examination of agreement to improve the reliability of assessment instruments. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Using a sample where 1
