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The inflammation of the lungs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by increased numbers of macrophages, neutrophils and T-cells. Decline in lung function in these patients has been correlated to the number of CD8+ T-cells present in the lung as well as to a decline in the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T-cells. Although systemic components are likely to be present, circulating lymp
Popular Abstract in Swedish Artros i knäleden är en av de tio vanligaste orsakerna till smärta och funktionshinder hos vuxna. Ett av problemen med artros är att det är svårt att diagnosticera vid ett tidigt stadium. Det kan synas som förändringar på röntgen, men ofta inte förrän flera år efter att det utvecklats. Mina studier visar att det finns ett samband mellan muskelfunktion i benen och riskenThe overall purpose of this thesis was to explore the impact of exercise and functional performance on development and treatment of knee osteoarthritis in the middle aged. In this thesis, I have studied a population based cohort of middle-aged subjects (35-54 years, 42 % women) with chronic knee pain at baseline, to evaluate the longitudinal effect of muscle weakness on knee osteoarthritis develo
Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe clients' experiences of a work rehabilitation process. Method: Ten clients who had participated in work-related rehabilitation at a rehabilitation centre in the northern parts of Sweden were interviewed using a narrative approach. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis focusing on clients' descriptions of the goals, contents a
We investigate the ability of Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems to spatially separate up to eighteen users located close to one another in line-of-sight (LOS) propagation conditions, in both indoor and outdoor environments. For that, we use fully-synchronous measured channels at 2.6 GHz of single-antenna users moving within a small area and concurrently communicating with a bas
Why a Book about Product-Oriented Environmental Law? While laws relating to the environment have been around for centuries, it could be argued that modern environmental lawmaking started in the 1960s, when many nations began adopting acts specifically targeting the environment. The evolution of environmental law since then has followed several paths, from mainly local regulations to national, Euro
There is a scarcity of information on mineral and phytate content in plant-based foods in Bolivia. This study aimed to analyze iron, zinc, calcium, and phytate content and estimate the mineral bioavailability of foods consumed in Chapare, Bolivia. Minerals and phytate were analyzed, and bioavailability was estimated in 17 food samples. Leafy vegetables and green legumes had the highest mineral con
BackgroundNanowires are a high-aspect-ratio material of increasing interest for a wide range of applications. A new and promising method to produce nanowires is by aerotaxy, where the wires are grown in a continuous stream of gas. The aerotaxy method can grow nanowires much faster than by more conventional methods. Nanowires have important properties in common with asbestos fibers, which indicate
We report here on a peptide hydrogel system, which in contrast to most other such systems, is made up of relatively short fibrillar aggregates, discussing resemblance with colloidal rods. The synthetic model peptides A8K and A10K, where A denotes alanine and K lysine, self-assemble in aqueous solutions into ribbon-like aggregates having an average length 〈L〉 on the order of 100 nm and with a diame
This paper is about road surface temperatures in the city of Lund, situated in the southern part of Sweden. The measurments were carried out during Febuary and March 1988. The temperature of the road surface and 0.1 and 2m above this, wind speed and direction were measured and the cloud cover estimated. Meteorological data were obtained from SMHI (the Swedish meteorological and hydrological instit
Due to the multiple benefits of biogas systems, the Chinese Government has made great efforts to promote the development of biogas systems in rural China, especially household biogas plants and medium and large scale biogas plants to treat manure and waste water from intensive livestock and poultry farms. This thesis conducts a comprehensive literature review to understand the current situation of
Jag har i detta arbete tagit fram en metod för att mäta mängden fett i muskelceller som vare sig kräver vävnadsprover eller nålstick. Metoden ger också en bild av fettfördelningen i vävnaden. Detta kan vara mycket användbart vid utveckling av läkemedel, men också vid diabetes- och fetmaforskning. Muskelceller innehåller ett bränsleförråd i form av en droppe fett. För diabetespatienter och som en b"Introduction Cardiac steatosis, or overstorage of fat in the cardiac muscle cells, is a possible side effect from drugs treating diabetes mellitus. Therefore, a non-invasive means of fat quantification is needed during drug development. The aim of this master thesis is to develop a method to quantify the fraction intra-myocellular fat in the cardiac muscle of rats using magnetic resonance im
Much attention has been put on making new buildings have a "low energy" standard, but old buildings also need to become more energy efficient. In this paper, the emphasis has been put on trying to insulate the house so much that it complies with BBR's requirements. The house chosen is a house that is almost entirely constructed of brick. Exterior walls consist of double brick with an
This essay is dealing with the question of the possibility for a non archaeologist to learn something about the Scandinavian Bronze Age by reading novels taking place in the specific period. I have studied novels written by Scandinavian writers between 1980 and present. Before I started I constructed nine different categories that I was to look for in the novels. The categories were constructed in
The rapid population growth in China during the last decades has put an enormous pressure on cultivation production and water supply. Many regions in China are therefore facing water scarcity and shortage of arable land. One of such regions is Gansu and it is considered as the driest and poorest province in China. This arid and semi-arid region is signifying a very uneven annual precipitation patt
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under senare år har datorn kommit att bli ett vanligt inslag i förskolans dagliga verksamhet. Visioner och planer har formulerats, inte minst politiskt. Det har sedan varit upp till pedagogerna att organisera och genomföra datoranvändandet i den lokala förskolevardagen. Avhandlingens övergripande syfte är att studera datoranvändandets praktik i förskolan. Avsikten är däThe purpose of this thesis is to study the computer using practice within pre-school activity, or more specifically, to study aspects of meaning-making as afforded when the computer is in use in pre-school. In the study a socio-cultural perspective is used as the point of departure combined with an Ecological approach to visual perception and Positioning theory. Data was collected in three pre-sch
Purpose: The Swedish Government considers it is important that both the local and regional level integrates the Europe 2020 strategy. The government expresses that the local municipality level has a central role to achieve some of the Swedish country-specific recommendations. The aim is to increase the understanding of the municipalities’ attitudes towards implementation of the Swedish country-spe
The purpose of this thesis is to try to establish a mechanism that will enable the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to get access to legal interpretation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The mandate of the Commission is to validate the outer limits line delineated by coastal States. For that, the Commission has to apply provisions of the Convention. The use
