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Speckle is an unwanted noise in ultrasound images, and appears as returning echoes are coherently summed over the transducer surface. In Doppler applications, the total power of the received spectrum varies in a manner similar to speckle. This paper investigates the correlation of continuous-wave (CW) Doppler signals obtained from simultaneously transmitted carrier frequencies, when a slowly flowi

The purpose of this paper is to empirically explore two dimensions of the firm hierarchy of international market-specific linkages using data for Swedish manufacturing firms over the 1997 to 2007 period. First, we investigate the productivity ordering with respect to importing, exporting and investing abroad. Second, we investigate the productivity ordering with respect to linkage complexity (i.e.

Objectives. To study x-ray development and clinical effects, tolerability and safety after 2 years treatment of RA patients with Reumacon (CPH82) or methotrexate (MTX). Patients and methods. This study is a 74 week open continuation of a 24 week double blind comparison of 100 patients with early RA (disease duration less than 2 years) treated either with Reumacon or MTX. Results. The mean Larsen s

Structure-function studies are frequently practiced on the very diverse group of natural carbohydrate-binding modules in order to understand the target recognition of these proteins. We have taken a step further in the study of carbohydrate-binding modules and created variants with novel binding properties by molecular engineering of one such molecule of known 3D-structure. A combinatorial library

Estrogen and progesterone are key regulators of normal breast epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. They are also involved in the initiation and progression of breast tumorigenesis. Several experimental studies have demonstrated that steroid hormones affect cell cycle proteins associated with tumor initiation and progression. Hormone replacement therapy (HT) is widely used to alleviat

OBJECTIVE: In Sweden, a country with high standards of obstetric care, the high rate of perinatal mortality among children of immigrant women from the Horn of Africa raises the question of whether there is an association between female circumcision and perinatal death. METHODS: To investigate this, we examined a cohort of 63 perinatal deaths of infants born in Sweden over the period 1990–96 to cir

Communication in industrial environments is an important scenario for ultra wideband (UWB) systems. The characteristics of this environment differ considerably from office environments, where most of the channel measurements reported in the literature are performed. In this paper, we present the results and analysis of UWB channel measurements in an industrial environment. We investigate both peer

We present a comparison of two-dimensional separation methods and how they affect the degree of coverage of protein expression in complex mixtures. We investigated the relative merits of various protein and peptide separations prior to acidic reversed-phase chromatography directly coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer. The first dimensions investigated were density gradient organelle fractionat

Pinus sylvestris (tall) är en betydelsefull trädart i Sverige och Europa, både ekonomiskt och kulturellt sett. Trädet infekteras dock av den destruktiva rottickan (Heterobasidion spp.) vilket resulterar i stora ekonomiska förluster inom skogsindustrin, med en uppskattad monetär förlust på ca 800 miljoner EUR årligen i Europa. Det är svårt att upptäcka svampen i tidiga infektionsstadier eftersom inPinus sylvestris (Scots pine) is an important tree species in Sweden and Europe, both economically and culturally. However, the highly destructive root rot fungi Heterobasidion spp. infect P. sylvestris and cause major economic losses in the forest industry, estimated to about 800 million EUR annually in Europe alone. Detection of the fungus in early stages is hard, as the infection mainly stays i

The objective of this thesis is to develop a methodology for evaluating the performance of material models during biaxial loads. This is done by executing identical punch tests, one in a simulation and one in a physical experiment, and then comparing the results from the two. The material model that is to be evaluated is used in the simulation and a specimen of the corresponding material in the ph

Many proteins of various origins are able to form complexes with Immunoglobulin G using reaction sites formed by residues of constant domains. Studies of IgG complexes of non-immune nature are important as biologically active proteins could escape from the circulation forming complexes with IgG as well as with other serum proteins whose concentration in serum is high. A quantitative characterizati

The majority of herbaceous plants are connected by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in complex networks, but how this affects carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) allocation among symbionts is poorly understood. We utilized a monoxenic AM system where hyphae from donor roots colonized two younger receiver roots of varying C status. AM fungal C allocation from donor to receiver compartments was followed

This paper provides a new take on how to explain irregular migration. The results of this study takes a leap forward in scientific thinking of how larger irregular migration flows can be understood in the modern age where migrants are using internet technology to their advantage. By using existing migration theory and big data search patterns from google a completely new way of understanding irreg

During the last few years Gothenburg in Sweden has been crippled by a vast number of social and criminal injustices. Among them are shootings, murders and the increasingly poor social welfare for the inhabitants. One of the areas that have taken the hardest toll by this is Biskopsgården. Besides being havocked by shootouts between local gangs, murders being the rule rather than exception, it also

The fatigue behavior of laminated veneer lumber (Douglas-fir) subjected to shearstress has been studied. The static shear strength of specimens, 37 by 102 by 406 mm was established through a three point bending test over a span of 305 mm. Four series of specimens were subjected to a cyclic load history with peak loads ranging from 95 to 80 percent of the static strength. The duration of each load

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka om en marknadsanpassad socialtjänst lyckas uppfylla socialtjänstlagens intentioner om att arbeta förebyggande med unga narkotikamissbrukare. För att få svar på detta har jag dels studerat hur en sådan kommunal organisation fungerar i förhållande till lagstiftningen, dels hur många ungdomar det rör sig om som under ett år kommer i kontakt med socialt