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Airborne wear particle emission has been investigated in a pin-on-disc tribometer equipped with particle analysis equipment. The pins are cut out fromcommercial powder metallurgy automotive brake pads as with and without copper content. The discs are cut out from a commercial grey cast iron automotive brake disc as cut out and as in addition to a laser cladded with a powder mix of Ni-self fluxing

Background: Patients presenting with synchronous colorectal liver metastases are increasinglybeing considered for a curative treatment, and the liver-first approach is gaining popularity in thiscontext. However, little is known about the completion rates of the liver-first approach and itseffects on survival.Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis of liver-first strategy for colorectal liver

New generation sequencing (NGS) genetic testing is a powerful diagnostic tool and is increasingly used in the clinical workup of patients, especially in unusual presentations or where a positive family history suggests heritable disease. This review addresses the NGS technologies Targeted sequencing (TS), Whole exome sequencing (WES), Whole genome sequencing (WGS), and the use of gene panels or ge

Purpose: To investigate contemporary results of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA). Materials and Methods: A multicentre retrospective study analysing all patients treated with PTRA for primary symptomatic renal artery stenosis (RAS) between 2010 and 2013 at four tertiary centres. Procedures during the preceding four years were counted to evaluate for change in PTRA frequency. Resu

apolipoproteinM(apoM)mayserveaprotectiverole inthedevelopmentofinflammation.Nuclearfactor‑κB(nF-κB) and its downstream factors (including a number of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules) are essential for the regulation of inflammatory processes. In the present study, the importance of apoM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced acute inflammation and its potential underlying mechanisms, we

Is attention a purely perceptual process or is it in any way related to motor control? The aim of this article is to show that attention puts similar demands on a cognitive system as motor control and present evidence supporting the view that similar mechanisms operate in the two processes. A computational model of attention is presented that uses habituation as well as classical and instrumental

Operating the HCCI engine with dual fuels with a large difference in auto-ignition characteristics (octane number) is one way to control the HCCI operation. The effect of octane number on combustion, emissions and engine performance in a 6-cylinder SCANIA truck engine, fuelled with n-heptane and isooctane, and running in HCCI mode, are investigated numerically and compared with measurements taken

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mobility devices (MDs) such as walking sticks, rollators and wheelchairs, often play an important role for older people living at home, striving to remain independent in everyday activities. The aim of this study was to explore how the use of MDs changes over time among very old people in five European countries. METHODS: Empirical data from the ENABLE-AGE Survey Study, part o

New technology requirements derived from the exploitation of novel energy resources, and the needs for improvement of the energy efficiency of current power generation systems are pushing the industry towards the search of alternative working fluids. The great challenge for these non-conventional fluids is to provide satisfactory performances and fill the existing lack of media for some innovative

The cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cysLTs: LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) have an important pathophysiological role in asthma. They are not only extremely potent bronchoconstrictors, but are also involved in the central mechanisms of the asthmatic inflammation and the subsequent remodelling of the airways. Allergen-induced bronchoconstriction as well as spontaneous exacerbations of asthma are associated with incre

Simple surrogate fuels are needed to model practical fuels, which are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons. The surrogate fuel should match the combustion and emissions behaviour of the target fuel as much as possible. This paper presents experimental results using a wide range of fuels in both the gasoline and diesel auto-ignition range, but of different volatilities and compositions, in a single cyl

Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a distressing condition, particularly in severe cases (>= 3 wet nights/week). A prevalent pathophysiological mechanism, especially in monosymptomatic PNE (PMNE), is commonly believed to be an insufficient increase in night-time release of antidiuretic hormone. Desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of antidiuretic hormone, has been shown to reduce the number of wet

Based on the type material and a new, virtually intact skull from the mid-Maastrichtian pail (probably Tierra Loma Shale) of the Moreno Formation, San Joaquin Valley, central California, the cranial osteology of the enigmatic mosasaurine Plesiotylosaurus crassidens (Squamata, Mosasauridae) is here described in detail. Plesiotylosaurus is characterized by a protruding rostrum on the snout and mandi

Objective To develop evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods The multidisciplinary guideline development group, representing 12 European countries, generated 10 key propositions regarding diagnosis using a Delphi consensus approach. For each recommendation, research evidence was searched systematically. Whenever possible, the sensitivity, specificity a

Reduced membranous expression of the cytoskeleton-associated protein ezrin has previously been demonstrated to correlate with tumour progression and poor prognosis in patients with T1G3 urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with non-maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (n = 92), and the associations with adverse clinicopathological factors have been validated in another, unselected, coh

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiment devoted to investigating the strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies. The ALICE ITS, Inner Tracking System, consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors with three different technologies; in the outward direction: two layers of pixel detectors, two layers e

A composition is a vector of positive components summing to a constant. The sample space of a composition is the simplex and the sample space of two compositions, a bicomposition, is a Cartesian product of two simplices. We present a way of generating random variates from a bicompositional Dirichlet distribution defined on the Cartesian product of two simplices using the rejection method. We deriv