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Germinal centers (GC) are well-defined areas in lymphoid organs were B cells proliferate and differentiate in response to T-cell-dependent antigens. The GC comprises B cells, follicular dendritic cells, tangible body macrophages, and a low number of CD4+ T cells. A large portion of these T cells expresses CD57. We have examined the ability of the CD4+CD57+ GC T cells to become activated and to tak
High-resolution core-level photoemission is used to study structural aspects for the molecular adsorption of CO on the Rh(111) single-crystal surface, and in particular to derive the adsorption sites. The site sensitivity of the core-level binding energy and the fact that the core level photoemission signal is proportional to the adsorbate coverage make it possible to study quantitatively how the
The rapid advances in life science, including the sequencing of the human genome and numerous other techiques, has given an extraordinary ability to aquire data on biological systems and human disease. Even so, drug development costs are higher than ever, while the rate of new approved treatments is historically low. A potential explanation to this discrepancy might be the difficulty of understand
A historical overview highlights the evolutionary nature of developments in accident investigations in the transport industry. Based on a series of major events outside transportation, the concept of accident investigations has broadened to other domains and to a widening of the scope of the investigation. Consequently, existing investigation boards are forced to adapt their mandates, missions and
Women farmers make up a majority of small-scale food producers in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite their important role in the food and livelihood security of their households and communities, women continue to face substantial challenges in their rights of and access to land resources in the region. In a number of countries such as Sierra Leone where large-scale land acquisition is ongoing, we posit t
SETI, our hopes or fears of a future contact with ETI, is a modern expression of an unending human obsession with the rise and fall of civilizations. People across the globe from our earliest sources to our contemporary culture have tried to understand the beginning and end of history, the creation and the doom. Factor L of the Drake Equation could in other words be understood in a longer historic
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling presenteras tre studier som fokuserar på human serviceorganisationer, klientarbete, arbetstillfredsställelse och arbetsmiljö. Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling var att med särskilt fokus på grad av direkt klientarbete och tillfredsställelse i arbetet undersöka arbetssituationen i olika typer av human serviceorganisationer. I den första stuIn this thesis, three empirical studies investigating human service organizations pertaining to client work, work satisfaction, and the work environment are presented. The general aim of this thesis was to investigate working conditions in human service organizations with particular consideration and emphasis on the extent of human service workers´ client work and their perceived level of job sati
Abstract Fatty acids mobilized from triacylglycerol stores are a major energy source in humans. Mobilization occurs through the consecutive action of three lipases: adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and monoglyceride lipase (MGL). Whereas ATGL and MGL only hydrolyse tri- and monoacylglycerols, respectively, HSL has a broad substrate range and hydrolyses cholesterol
Systematic knowledge of entrepreneurship has evolved since the 1980s. In this study we will pay particular attention to the „knowledge producers‟ who have shaped the field over time but also to the „knowledge users‟ who have employed the core works in entrepreneurship in order to develop our knowledge of the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. A unique database consisting of all references in twelve „
Today an increasingly large and diverse audience spends more and more time and money on computer games; the actual player can now be anyone. Gameplay, whether it is raiding online in World of Warcraft, an evening of Guitar Hero in the living room with friends, or a quick round of Sudoku Master on the Nintendo DS while commuting home from work, has become part of the everyday life of millions of pe
Background: Lead exposure, even at low levels, is associated with adverse health effects in humans. We investigated the determinants of individual lead levels in a general population-based sample of adults from Florence, Italy. Methods: Erythrocyte lead levels were measured (using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) in 454 subjects enrolled in the Florence cohort of the European Prospect
A tropical maritime case of deep convective clouds was studied using a state-of-the-art aerosol-cloud model in order to evaluate the microphysical mechanisms of aerosol indirect effects (AIE). The aerosol-cloud scheme used is a hybrid bin/bulk model, which treats all phases of clouds and precipitation allowing a detailed analysis of process
In internal cooling passages in a turbine blade, rib structures are widely applied to augment convective heat transfer by the coolant passing through over the ribbed surfaces. This study concentrates on perforated 90 deg ribs with inclined holes in a cooling duct with rectangular cross section, aiming at improving the perforated holes with additional secondary flows caused by inclined hole arrange
In this report, we present a novel modular approach to the immobilization of a high density of boronic acid ligands on thermoresponsive block copolymer brushes for effective enrichment of glycoproteins via their synergistic multiple covalent binding with the immobilized boronic acids. Specifically, a two-step, consecutive surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) was employe
Epidemiological contact tracing complemented with genotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is important for understanding disease transmission. In Sweden, tuberculosis (TB) is mostly reported in migrant and homeless where epidemiologic contact tracing could pose a problem. This study compared epidemiologic linking with genotyping in a low burden country. Mycobacterium tuberculosi
Background A correlation between excess mortality from myocardial infarctions (MI) and schizophrenia has already been established. What remains unclear is whether the initial communication between the treating doctor and the corresponding patient contributes to this excess mortality. Aim The aim of this study is to investigate whether a patient with schizophrenia receives the same offers for exami
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and extremely malignant tumor with no available cure. The genetic landscape of this malignancy has not yet been fully explored. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing and the RNA-sequencing of fourteen cases of ATC to delineate copy number changes, fusion gene events, and somatic mutations. A high frequency of genomic amplifications was seen, i
We present high-order harmonic generation results obtained with different laser systems a 1 ps 1053 nm Nd-glass laser a 2 ps 616 nm synchronously pumped dye laser a 36 ps 1064 nm mode-locked Nd-YAG laser and the second harmonics (308 nm and 532 nm) of the latter two systems. We investigate the influence of the laser pulse width the excitation wavelength (from the near infrared to the ultraviolet)
The “governing images” associated with the use and misuse of alcohol and drugs have varied across time and space. In Sweden, the 20th century saw a number of such perspectives – including the moral, the medical and the social – alternately dominating or coexisting. This multitude in perspectives is reflected in the organisation of addiction care and treatment, in which the responsibility for defin
