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This paper presents a stabilized incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method to simultaneously simulate surface and seepage flow. The Navier-Stokes type equation, which manipulates the linear and nonlinear resistance effects caused from porous materials, are employed for tracking fluid motions in porous medium. The SPH method is one of the mesh-less particle methods and its Lagran
Genom reformen en modernare rättegång gjordes möjligheten för parter att närvara vid domstolssammanträden via ljud- och/eller bildöverföring permanent. Användningen av sådana lösningar har ökat under de senaste åren och accelererades av covid-19-pandemin. I experimentell miljö har det återkommande observerats att vittnens och målsägandes utsagor uppfattas som mindre tillförlitliga om de presenterThrough the reform en modernare rättegång [a more modern trial] the possibility for parties to attend court hearings via video and/or audio was made permanent. The use of such solutions has increased over the last years and was accelerated by the covid-19 pandemic. In experimental settings it has repeatedly been observed that witnesses’ and complainants’ testimonies are perceived as less credibl
Rekvisitet verksam i betydande omfattning återfinns i 57 kap 4 § inkomstskattelagen. Innebörden av begreppet är inte definierat i lagen, varför förarbeten som ligger till grund för lagstiftningen är av särskild betydelse vid ledning tillika tolkning av lagen. Ordalydelsen verksam i betydande omfattning, förknippar delägarens nedlagda arbetstid. Förarbeten tar upp att andelsägarens position i föreProps active to a significant extent can be found in Chapter 57, Section 4 of the Income Tax Act. The meaning of the term is not defined in the law, which is why preparatory work forms the basis of the legislation is of particular importance in the management as well as interpretation of the law. The wording operates to a significant extent, associates the co-owner's time spent on work. Prepa
Det blir allt vanligare att människor flyttar mellan länder för att bo, studera, arbeta eller leva som pensionär. Till en persons hemvist knyts allt fler rättigheter och skyldigheter i samhället vilket skapar ett ökat behov för individen och staten att kunna fastställa var en person har sin hemvist. Idag finns ingen enhetlig tolkning av hemvistbegreppet. En persons hemvist kan därför variera mellaToday it is common for people to move across borders to live, study, work or retire. A person’s residence is linked to an increasing number of rights and obligations in society, which creates an increased need for both the individual and the state to determine where a person has its residence in different situations. Today there is no uniform interpretation of the concept. Where a person is consid
Under anaerobic condition the specific growth rate of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on different sugars, was analyzed using spectrophotometry. Electron acceptor (fructose) supported cells to cope with poor energy recovery by re-oxidising the NADH, thus enabling ATP formation thru acetate production, while fermenting glucose via the phosphoketolase pathway (PKP) and simultaneously operating via E
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses that have evolved over millions of years and are well-adapted to humans. Persistent infections with HPVs, can result in cancer development. There are over 200 different HPV types that can be divided into high- and low risk types based on their ability to cause cancer. HPV16 is the most common high- risk type that accounts for more than 50 % of al
Macrocyclic peptides (MCPs) are a promising drug modality for targeting protein–protein interactions, offering high selectivity, metabolic stability, and potential cell permeability. However, predicting their membrane permeability remains challenging due to their conformational flexibility, environment-dependent polarity, and ability to adopt chamaleonic behavior, e.g. by changing the number of in
Den svenska demografin förändras och antalet invånare äldre än 64 år väntas öka de kommande åren. Dessutom har urbaniseringen förändrats något, inte minst efter pandemin, då utflyttningen från storstäder till mindre orter ökat. Ökad flexibilitet i många yrken och delvis ändrade levnadsmönster har således resulterat i ett delvis minskat lägesberoende. Sammantaget står fastighetsmarknaden inför föräThe purpose of this study is to investigate what urban life really is and if (and in that case also how) urban life may be created and affected, primarily during the asset management phase. The study is conducted from the landowner’s perspective. Furthermore, the study aims at exploring what consequences and impact urban life has on the attractiveness and value of a place. The study is based on a
Sexualbrott är en brottstyp som präglas av betydande bevissvårigheter. I många fall saknas teknisk bevisning eller vittnesiakttagelser, vilket innebär att domstolens bedömning i hög grad vilar på parternas muntliga utsagor. Dessutom präglas sexualbrott av ett lågt lagföringsutfall och ett stort mörkertal, vilket gör rättsområdet särskilt angeläget att undersöka. Frågan är vad detta beror på, och hSexual offences are characterised by significant evidentiary challenges. In many cases, there is a lack of technical evidence or eyewitnesses, meaning that the court’s assessment largely relies on the parties’ oral statements. Combined with a low prosecution rate and a large number of unreported cases, this makes the legal area particularly important to examine. It raises questions about how credi
Water scarcity can have severe implications for society; endangering human health and food security whilst also exacerbating social conflict around the world. These issues are exemplified in the case of the Ferghana Valley in Central Asia, where much of the valley suffers from water scarcity and conflicts despite having adequate water sources. This scarcity is primarily due to how water is used, m
In order for semiconductor materials to be suitable for implementation in new and progressive devices they have to be of better electronic characteristics than currently used materials, and maintain these once treated and put into action. It is important to verify that bulk characteristics are not hindered at the surface when a given semiconductor is put in contact with another material due to nec
Background Depressive disorders, specifically major depressive disorder (MDD), is predicted to become the leading cause of disease burden worldwide by 2030. In the United States, MDD is already the leading cause of disability. Yet, less than 50 percent of US adults diagnosed with a mental disorder seek treatment, often due to lack of health coverage or affordability. In 2014, the Affordable Care A
Insect monitoring has earlier been a manual, tedious and time consuming task that is impossible to do in real time. Thus there exists a need for a real time automatic insect monitoring system for counting and classifying insect for use in scientific research and pesticide spraying control. One approach to automatize this is using LIDAR to detect insects. In this thesis it has been explored how to d
Knowledge acquired through ecosystem service valuations can provide valuable information to stakeholders making land-use decisions. Effective use of ecosystem service valuation knowledge with a cost-benefit analysis can create resilient social-ecological systems. There is an increasing number of valuations being conducted, yet only one third of the studies are thought to be used in some form to ai
I detta examensarbete undersöks databasen Plantfacts som innehåller data om stålverk från hela världen. Syftet med detta är att utvärdera om det finns en koppling mellan primärt och sekundärt producerat stål och olika typer av stålverk i downstream-processer. För att utföra detta har databasen formaterats om i Excel med hjälp av Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Från början var Plantfacts databIn this thesis the Plantfacts database is investigated, which contains data about steel plants from all over the world. The purpose is to evaluate wheter there is a coupling between primary and secondary steel and different types of steel plants in downstream processes. To achieve this, the database has been reformatted using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) in Excel. Initially, the Plantfacts
Increased digitalization and increased use of digital technologies in a multitude of applications affect companies and their environments. Adapting to the change is important to keep competitive advantage. Generally, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as the manufacturing industry are lagging behind in digitalization and digital maturity in comparison to larger companies and other i
The human gut contains a vast number of bacteria. These bacteria allow us to digest the complex glycans that are part of our diet but we ourselves cannot digest. Among these bacteria one of the genera that is a major constituent is Bacteroidetes. One of the distinguishing features of this genus is its polysaccharide utilizing loci (PULs), clusters of genes for degradation of specific glycans and e
Forest fires can act as an ecosystem service by providing habitat renewal, controlling pests, and reducing the risk of extreme fires, but can at the same time disturb an ecosystem negatively. Furthermore, forest fires release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, damage property, and lead to health issues. With climate change, forest fires are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity in
