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Many populations of water fleas (Daphnia) are exposed to algal blooms dominated by microcystin-producing cyanobacteria. However, the severity of these effects on Daphnia fitness remain poorly understood in natural populations. We investigated seasonal changes in body size, reproduction and survival of D. longispina individuals from five eutrophic lakes in southern Sweden. We tested whether individ
Background: Biologic effectiveness is often assessed as response, a term that eludes consistent definition. Identifying those most likely to respond in real-life has proven challenging. Objective: To explore definitions of biologic responders in adults with severe asthma and investigate patient characteristics associated with biologic response. Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study using d
Fusarium species are cereal pathogens that cause the Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease. FHB can reduce yield, cause mycotoxin accumulation in the grain and reduce germination efficiency of the harvested seeds. Understanding the biochemical interactions between the host plants and the pathogen is crucial for controlling the disease and for the development of cultivars with improved tolerance to FH
PURPOSE Antiangiogenic therapy using bevacizumab has proven effective for a number of cancers; however, in breast cancer (BC), there is an unmet need to identify patients who benefit from such treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the NeoAva phase II clinical trial, patients (N = 132) with large (= 25 mm) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative primary tumors were randomly assigned 1
Objective: To evaluate if the measurement of survivin in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) undergoing infliximab treatment has predictive value for treatment response. Methods: The study included 87 consecutive RA patients (age 24-89 years, disease duration 18-526 months) treated with regular infusions of influximab. Survivin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent a
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is a heterogenous disease, but once it becomes metastatic it eventually becomes treatment resistant. One mechanism of resistance to AR-targeting therapy is lineage plasticity, where the tumor undergoes a transformation to an AR-indifferent phenotype, most studied in the context of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). However, activation of additional de- or trans-diff
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a powerful vasoconstrictor in vivo but is usually much less active on isolated blood vessels. The contractile effect of NPY was examined in the isolated rat femoral artery exposed to various degrees of vasoconstriction. The effects of NPY on the relaxation induced by vasodilator agents was also studied. NPY (< or = 1 microM) had no contractile effect. In vessels pretreated
Abstract: Since 9/11 a lot of attention has been paid to fragile states and state failure has also become an issue for the EU. EU elites frequently refer to the EU as a ‘force for good in the world’. There is an extensive academic debate about what kind of power the EU is in world politics, and whether it can be described as a distinct normative power. In this comparative study of ten fragile stat
Behavioral changes during pancreatic enzyme therapy have never been studied. The present study investigated behavioral changes in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) pigs when their feed was supplemented with pancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin. A crossover design study was used to test the effect of enzyme supplementation in 2 × 4 EPI pigs that underwent pancreatic duct ligation (PDL)
