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The core protein of proteoglycans from cartilage is substituted with glycosaminoglycans as well as N- and O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides. We have taken advantage of the long intracellular half-life of the core protein precursor to the rat chondrosarcma proteoglycan to study the temporal relationship between the addition of the chondroitin sulfate chains and the O-linked oligosaccharides
The propagation channel determines the fundamental basis of wireless communications, as well as the actual performance of practical systems. Therefore, having good channel models is a prerequisite for developing the next generation wireless systems. This thesis first investigates one of the main channel model building blocks, namely clusters. To understand the concept of clusters and channel chara
Popular Abstract in Swedish Delfiner och andra tandvalar har förmågan att ekolokalisera. Trots att dessa djur länge fascinerat människor genom historien var det först på 1950-talet som man lyckades bevisa att de faktiskt har denna förmåga. Det finns fortfarande många fundamentala frågor angående deras ekolokalisering som ännu inte besvarats, till stor del för att det har krävt alltför avancerad teToothed whales (Odontocetes) use echolocation to navigate and find food in dark or murky waters. A wide range of innovative studies has since the 1960:s been used to characterize their echolocation beam and map out their echolocation skills. In order to render high quality recordings of the sounds emitted by these animals, advanced measurement systems are required. There are still interesting en
Outcome questionnaires are increasingly being established as a validated mode of acquiring unbiased information on the results after health interventions. Using an assortment of questionnaires, distributed by mail to 27 372 and to a subgroup of 3 600 patients on file in the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty register (SKAR), relevant questionnaires were found to represent a feasable means of acquiring info
Soft x-ray emission spectroscopy is a common tool for the study of the electronic structure of molecules and solids. However, the interpretation of spectra is sometimes made difficult by overlaying lines due to satellite transitions or close-lying core holes. Also, irrelevant inner core transitions may accidentally fall in the wavelength region under study. These problems, which often arise for sp
Genes encoding the DNA helicase TWINKLE (C10orf2) or the two subunits of mtDNA polymerase γ (POLγ) (POLG1 and POLG2) have a direct effect on the mitochondrial DNA replication machinery and were reported in many mitochondrial disorders. Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the common cause of ataxia often associated with the expansion of a GAA repeat in intron 1 of the frataxin gene (FXN). Mitochondrial D
Thin ion transmission detectors can be used as a part of a telescope detector for mass and energy identification but also as a pre-cell detector in a microbeam system for studies of biological effects from single ion hits on individual living cells. We investigated a structure of graphene on silicon carbide (SiC) with the purpose to explore a thin transmission detector with a very low noise level
A paradigm shift is emerging in higher education especially regarding how universities should address personalized and collaborative mobile learning. Experiences from three international benchmarking-projects through the European Association of Distance teaching Universities (EADTU), the European Centre for Strategic Management of Universities (ESMU) and the First dual mode benchmarking club on qu
Anaerobic digestion and the production of biogas can provide an efficient means of meeting energy needs locally and reducing organic loading due to untreated waste material in water recipients. Furthermore, residues after anaerobic digestion may be used as a fertilizer to improve the soil in many parts of the world. Most natural organic waste can be used in anaerobic digestion. In developing count
There is a considerable disagreement in the literature on the description of lifetime effects arising from core-valence transitions in solids. We calculate here Auger and radiative widths of shallow core levels in Li, Be, Na, Mg, and Al with use of principles consistent with dynamical theories of secondary-emission processes developed earlier. The lifetime has no simple relation to the usual self-
How do donors reason and justify their choices when faced with dilemmas in a charitable context? In two studies, Swedish students were confronted with helping dilemmas based on the identifiable victim effect, the proportion dominance effect and the ingroup effect. Each dilemma consisted of two comparable charity projects and participants were asked to choose one project over the other. They were t
The closed chamber technique is widely used to measure the exchange of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from terrestrial ecosystems. There is, however, large uncertainty about which model should be used to calculate the gas flux from the measured gas concentrations. Due to experimental uncertainties the simple linear regression model (first-order polynomial) is often applied, even though the
Rotor-stator mixers (RSMs) can be operated in either batch or inline mode. When operating a rotor-stator geometry in batch mode, it typically experiences an order of magnitude higher volumetric flow through the stator than in inline mode. This is expected to cause differences in the flow and turbulence in the rotor-stator region. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study the hydr
Muscle atrophy, a significant characteristic of congenital muscular dystrophy with laminin α2 chain deficiency (also known as MDC1A), occurs by a change in the normal balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a key role in protein degradation in skeletal muscle cells. In order to identify new targets for drug therapy against MDC1A, we have inv
Objective: To evaluate whether the duration of the active phase of labor is associated with maternal body mass index (BMI), in nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor. Study design: Historical prospective cohort study including 63,829 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy and a spontaneous onset of labor, who delivered between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2009. Data were colle
Lignocellulosic biomass can be utilized to produce ethanol, a promising alternative energy source produced through fermentation of sugars. However, in order to achieve high sugar and ethanol yields, the lignocellulosic material must be pretreated before the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Dilute acid pretreatment, using SO2, is one of the most promising methods of pretreatment for softwood
We have studied the epitaxial growth of an InP shell on various pure InAs core nanowire crystal structures by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The InP shell is grown on wurtzite (WZ), zinc-blende (ZB), and {111}- and {110}-type faceted ZB twin-plane superlattice (TSL) structures by tuning the InP shell growth parameters and controlling the shell thickness. The growth results, particularly on the
In this paper we present a model of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and fluxes in mire water based on the convection-dispersion equation. The dynamics of sorbed, potentially soluble organic carbon (SPSOC) in the peat matrix are simulated in parallel with DOC. First, the model is applied solely to stagnant water conditions in order to interpret the results of laboratory peat incub
Popular Abstract in English The aim of this thesis is to examine the role of early life environments for a variety of individual-level health and socioeconomic outcomes in contemporary Sweden. A research framework has recently emerged suggesting that individual long-term wellbeing is, to a large extent, dependent on the establishment of a healthy trajectory of growth and development during the earThe aim of this thesis is to examine the role of early life environments for a variety of individual-level health and socioeconomic outcomes in contemporary Sweden. Ever-expanding human lifespans have contributed to the emergence of novel socio-health phenomena confronting contemporary Swedish society. A new research framework has emerged in the last 30 years suggesting that individuals’ ability t
Qualitative measurements of both OH and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as well as quantitative data of soot volume fraction f(v) have been obtained in vaporized liquid fuels, with the main goal of providing experimental data for combustion models and numerical mechanism validation. Measurements were carried out in a laminar coflow burner which was designed, built and integrated with an eva
