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Background: This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been inconclusive. Objectives: To assess the effect of dietary fibre on the recurren
The concept of a bioeconomy can be understood as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources. Biorefineries are considered an integral part of the development toward a future sustainable bioeconomy. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize current knowledge about how biorefinery technologies are being
Studying successional processes and related factors in salt marshes encompasses both fundamental (community structuration) and applied (biodiversity conservation and restoration) issues. Current managed realignment projects and sites where, in the past, large storm events led to breaches in embankments create unique experimental conditions for such challenges by re-instating tidal inundation and s
Objective. This study considers the error distributions for time-integrated activity (TIA) of single-time-point (STP) methods for patient-specific dosimetry in radionuclide therapy. Approach. The general case with the same pharmaceutical labelled with different radionuclides for imaging and therapy are considered for a mono-exponential time-activity curve. Two methods for STP dosimetry, both based
During the last 100 years, musculoskeletal radiology has developed from bone-only radiography performed by everyone to a dedicated subspecialty, still secure in its origins in radiography but having expanded into all modalities of imaging. Like other subspecialties in radiology, it has become heavily dependent on cross-sectional and functional imaging, and musculoskeletal interventions play an imp
The constituents of dark matter are still unknown, and the viable possibilities span a vast range of masses. The physics community has established searching for sub-GeV dark matter as a high priority and identified accelerator-based experiments as an essential facet of this search strategy. A key goal of the accelerator-based dark matter program is testing the broad idea of thermally produced sub-
Inspired by the flow description of su(N) colour calculations, we recently showed how to simplify the spinor-helicity formalism (at the algebra level two copies of complexified su(2)) by treating each Weyl spinor as part of a flow line with definite chirality and momentum. This formalism, dubbed the chirality-flow formalism, eliminates all non-trivial algebra from tree-level spinor-helicity calcul
A search for the K+ → π+X decay, where X is a long-lived feebly interacting particle, is performed through an interpretation of the K+ → π+νν¯ analysis of data collected in 2017 by the NA62 experiment at CERN. Two ranges of X masses, 0–110 MeV/c2 and 154–260 MeV/c2, and lifetimes above 100 ps are considered. The limits set on the branching ratio, BR(K+ → π+X), are competitive with previously repor
The luminosity monitor LUCID (LUminosity Cherenkov Integrating Detector) employed in the ATLAS experiment at the LHC had to be upgraded for the second run of LHC (Run 2) that started in spring 2015. The increased energy of the proton beams and the higher luminosity implied that the Photomultipliers of the original LUCID detector had to be replaced for Run 2 to cope with the more demanding conditio
Objective: For many years, functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) was considered negligible after treatment of left-sided heart valve surgery. The aim of the present network meta-analysis is to summarize the results of four approaches to establish the possible gold standard. Methods: A systematic search was performed to identify all publications reporting the outcomes of four approaches for FTR,
Background: Transient tachypnoea of the newborn (TTN) is characterised by tachypnoea and signs of respiratory distress. It is caused by delayed clearance of lung fluid at birth. TTN typically appears within the first two hours of life in term and late preterm newborns. Although it is usually a self-limited condition, admission to a neonatal unit is frequently required for monitoring, the provision
Farmers who keep livestock in large carnivore areas are exposed to threat of predation directly impacting on finances and workload as well as the associated psychological stress indirectly impacting on farmers well-being. So far, little is known about such stress responses. The concept of “stress” or “stress reaction” is often used as an undifferentiated umbrella concept for the experience of nega
In this paper, we analyze one of the early welfare interventions in the Swedish welfare state targeted towards mothers and young children: the introduction of a child day-care system. Because quantitative research on day-cares in historical settings is generally scarce, in this study, we focus on the determinants of day-care enrollment in southern Sweden during the early twentieth century. We use
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has very high affinity for phosphopeptides and in recent years it has become one of the most popular methods for phosphopeptide enrichment from complex biological samples. Peptide loading onto TiO2 resin in a highly acidic environment in the presence of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), phthalic acid, lactic acid, or glycolic acid has been shown to improve selectivity signif
