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Aims and objectives. The aim was to compare faecal incontinence and related bowel symptoms among men and women and being dependent or not (aged ≥75 years) and furthermore to identify which bowel symptoms predicted help seeking, dependency and low quality of life (QoL). Background. Faecal incontinence (FI) in old age is a common condition and influences daily life to a great extent, although few a

Calcium phosphate materials (CaPs) have proven biocompatible and useful in clinical situations. One CaP showing promise in the clinic is alpha phase tricalcium phosphate ([alpha]-TCP). [alpha]-TCP in powder form can be hydrated and undergoes a reaction resulting in calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). The similarity of CDHA and human bone makes [alpha]-TCP a very viable material for applicatio

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den svenska grundskolan har under de senaste åren genomgått och genomgår fortfarande en stark utveckling inom ramen för den allmänna decentraliseringen i samhället. Beslut och ansvar läggs allt längre ner i organisationen. De krav som ställdes på en skolledare tillbaka i tiden var i första hand att han skulle vara administratör och den som bevakade att skolans verk-samThe issues of the study are: How do the assistant principals face the work as school leaders? Which demands of competence do the new school leaders face? Which needs of competence development exist for new school leaders? In the school studied the organization of the management was changed from one principal and one director of studies to one principal and six assistant principals. All of these we

Iterative decoding methods allow efficient decoding of long codes that are composed of smaller component codes. As a result reliable communication can be achieved with low decoding complexity even for rates close to Shannon capacity. This makes iteratively decodable codes a very attractive object of study in modern coding theory. This thesis focuses on different kinds of cycles which appear in th

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att ge en god omvårdnad behövs kunskaper om ätproblem som helhet och om möjliga hinder för optimalt näringsintag hos äldre patienter, särskilt de med stroke. Sådana kunskaper behövs eftersom åldrandet i sig självt eller tillsammans med sjukdom, t.ex. stroke och dess följder, kan påverka förmågan att äta och därmed också näringsintaget med ökad risk för såväl undernäThe aim of this thesis was to describe eating difficulties and interventions to improve eating among elderly patients, especially those with stroke, to make comparisons between patients with dysphagia and those without (Papers I & II), those with and without assisted eating (Paper IV), and to analyse the relation between eating difficulties, nutritional status (Papers II-V), pressure ulcers (P

The autumn migration of raptors at Falsterbo, Sweden has been studied since the early 1940s, and from 1973 standardized counts were made. Here we present data for 15 species over a 39-year period from 1942-97. These are discussed in the context of available information on population trends in Sweden and neighbouring countries. Although annual numbers and concentration rate vary considerably betwee

This paper describes a radio-tracking study of Osmoderma eremita, a large Scarabaeid beetle, living in hollow trees. The study seems to be the first in which radio telemetry has been used with a flying insect in the field. Some 74 adult beetles were tagged with radio transmitters weighing 0.48-0.52 1, and having a nominal battery life of 12-20 days. Transmissions were detected at ranges of up to 3

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the dominant pathogen causing chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). After an initial phase characterized by intermittent colonizations, a chronic infection is established upon conversion of P. aeruginosa from the non-mucoid to the mucoid, alginate-overproducing phenotype. During the chronic infection the isolation of both mucoid and non-mucoid iso

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med undersökningen är att beskriva de livsförändringsprocesser som blir nödvändiga då en person drabbas av kronisk sjukdom eller ett funktionshinder. Vad innebär det att drabbas av en kronisk sjukdom eller ett funktionshinder? Hur lär man sig leva med de nya livsvillkoren? Dessa frågor belyses utifrån intervjuer med kvinnor som drabbats av kronisk smärta (fibromThe aim of this thesis is to study the life-changing processes necessary when a person is faced with the demands caused by chronic illness or disability. As subjects for the study, women with chronic pain (fibromyalgi and myofascial pain syndrome), were chosen. Eighteen women active in working life were interviewed on two occasions, with an interval of two months. The women have been living with t

The aim of this short paper is to present an ongoing joint research project, Human Factors in Air Navigation Services (HUFA), between the Swedish Civil Aviation Administration and Lund University. Results from the study will only be given very briefly. The project focuses on human and organizational factors and safety in air traffic control.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fall och frakturer hos äldre är ett vanligt förekommande och ökande hälsoproblem, som orsakar fysiska, sociala och psykologiska problem hos den enskilde och är kostsamt för samhället. Syftet med avhandlingen är att undersöka fallolyckor bland de patienter i åldern 65-74 år som kommit till ortopedklinikens akutmottagning, att undersöka reliabiliteten beträffande gångtestFalls and fractures in older people are a common and increasing health problem which causes physical, social and psychological problems for the individual and is costly to society. The aims of this thesis were to investigate accidental falls of patients aged 65 - 74 who attended an orthopedic emergency ward, to investigate reliability of the modified figure of eight (MFE) and compare it with other

Summary of key messages for policy makers • Systemic approach is critical Climate change and natural resource depletion continues to be driven not least by unsustainable levels and patterns of consumption. There is growing recognition that the shift required to achieve sustainable consumption and production is a momentous paradigm shift in Western culture. Due to the holistic nature of shifting c

Photosynthesis rates and photosynthesis-leaf nutrient relationships were analysed in nine tropical grass and sedge species growing in three different ecosystems: a rain-fed grassland, a seasonal floodplain, and a permanent swamp, located along a hydrological gradient in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. These investigations were conducted during the rainy season, at a time of the year when differences

The history of spinal cord injuries starts with the ancient Egyptian medical papyrus known as the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. The papyrus written about 2500 B.C.by the physician and architect of the Sakkara pyramids Imhotep, describes "crushed vertebra in his neck" as well as symptoms of neurological deterioration. An ailment not to be treated was the massage to the patients at that time. This f

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) achieve very high accuracy in segmenting various anatomical structures in medical images but often suffer from relatively poor generalizability. Multi-atlas segmentation (MAS), while less accurate than DCNN in many applications, tends to generalize well to unseen datasets with different characteristics from the training dataset. Several groups have attempt

Abstract: The aim of this chapter was to analyze associations between measures of cortisol in salivaand mental health and to see if divergent results were functions of the methods used. Measures ofmental health outcome included Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), symptoms of depression, andsymptoms of anxiety, Burnout (BO), and Vital Exhaustion (VE). Only studies on otherwise healthyindividuals were

Importance: Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, debilitating, and costly chronic disease for which recommended first-line treatment is underused.Objective: To compare the effect of an internet-based treatment for knee osteoarthritis vs routine self-management (ie, usual care).Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2018 to March 2020. Participants in

Background: There are several risk factors for the colonisation, infection and spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria among elderly residents of nursing homes. An updated estimate of the native prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens among Swedish nursing home residents is needed. Methods: Urine specimens were collected for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing agains