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The Hidden Markov model is applicable to a wide variety of fields. Applied to financial time series, its assumed underlying state sequence can reflect the time series' tendency to behave differently over different periods of time. In many situations, models could be improved by including exogenous data. However, that may in some cases be inappropriate in practice as the model could get too mat
Abstract This study examines if extramural English (EE) has a positive effect on L2 vocabulary acquisition of young Swedish L2 learners (N = 24) of English (age 8-10). It examines the correlation between the amount of time spent on EE and scores on the Picture Vocabulary Size Test (PVST), which measures receptive vocabulary knowledge. Since earlier research on older Swedish L2 learners of English
In the search for a better understanding of the fundamental nature of the atom, the development of femtosecond pulsed laser sources has opened up for many applications, in particular in time-resolved physics. For many of those, like the generation of attosecond pulses through high-order harmonic generation, high intensity is needed and the quality of the beam is a critical factor. Most commonly,
Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is commonly used to measure the lifetime of fluorescence from dye molecules. In TCSPC, the sample is excited by a pulsed laser and the arrival time of each of the emitted photons at the detector relative to a trigger is recorded. An important criterion of the technique is that the excitation intensity of the laser has to be low enough such that the de
The detailed dynamic modelling, simulation and optimisation of a batch distillation process at Bayer AG is presented. The model considers a mixture of 10 components separated in a 40 tray column. Simulations performed in the process modelling tool gPROMS proved that the model gives a very accurate description of the process behaviour. To increase the profit of the process an optimisation of the op
Although previous researches have covered various kinds of identity studies, the identity issues particularly among the Chinese immigrants to Sweden remain poorly understood. Therefore, this thesis contributes to the vast amount of research by focusing on how and why the Chinese immigrants’ identities have developed after immigration. Based on nationalism and national identity theories in modern C
BACKGROUND: Trace elements like iodine have been suggested to be associated with breast cancer due to their antioxidant properties and ecological differences in incidence and mortality. Yet, there are no epidemiological studies on breast cancer prognosis in relation to iodine levels. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between prediagnostic serum iodine levels and brea
This study examines how Canadian news media discourse constructed and contested medical assistance in dying (MAiD) eligibility for people with mental illness as the sole underlying medical condition between 2020 and 2025. Drawing on boundary theory, framing theory, Wimmer’s (2008) taxonomy of boundary-making strategies, and Brante and Hallberg’s (1991) concept of incommensurability, this study app
In developing countries, the use of mathematical models in hydrological forecasting is increasing, making for optimal planning and management of water resources systems. Such application, however, faces different problems. One of these problems is that computers may not be available. Even if they are available, computer time is expensive. Hence, there is a need for simple models which can be run o
It is investigated how the erasure efficiency for a single bit of data, stored using photon echoes, depends on the data writing time and data storage time. A comparative analysis of the erasure efficiency using a Ti:S laser system and a ring dye laser system is performed. The results clearly establish that the Ti:S laser system, which has a narrower line width than the dye laser system, could be u
We study deterministic algorithms for gossiping problem in ad hoc radio networks. The gossiping problem is a communication task in which each node of the network possesses a unique single message that is to be communicated to all other nodes in the network. The efficiency of a communication algorithm in radio networks is very often expressed in terms of: max-eccentricity D, max-indegree Δ, and siz
We describe a system for automatic annotation of English text in the FrameNet standard. In addition to the conventional annotation of frame elements and their semantic roles, we annotate additional semantic information such as support verbs and prepositions, aspectual markers, copular verbs, null arguments, and slot fillers. As far as we are aware, this is the first system that finds this informat
Under 1680-talet trädde Sophia Elisabet Brenner fram som poet och blev snart känd och uppskattad för sina dikter vid olika tillfällen i livet. Tillfällesdiktningen var en flexibel genre som gav henne möjligheten att resonera om tidens aktuella frågor, till exempel kvinnans ställning i äktenskap och samhälle eller värderingen av det som var gammalt och fornt och det som var nytt. Hennes rykte spred
The aim of this study was to describe some of the factors that might play a role in influencing attitude to xenotransplantation: first, the consideration of receiving cells and tissue from xenotransplants in relation to whole xeno-organs; secondly, the fact that there is greater uncertainty regarding the result and risk of infection associated with xenotransplantation than with allotransplantation
Light field reconstruction algorithms can substantially decrease the noise in stochastically rendered images. Recent algorithms for defocus blur alone are both fast and accurate. However, motion blur is a considerably more complex type of camera effect, and as a consequence, current algorithms are either slow or too imprecise to use in high quality rendering. We extend previous work on real-time l
Summary This report presents results from the project ”Converting direct resistive electric heating into district heating - customer related aspects” conducted at the division of Efficient Energy Systems, Department of Energy Sciences, Lund University. The main objective of this study was to investigate how specific households within one housing area (Sandsbro in Växjö with 110 one-family houses)
