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Power required to fly for a bird generally follows a U-shaped function of airspeed, with higher cost at both low and high speeds. Because power required increases with body mass faster than power available from flight muscles, larger birds may experience restricted flight speed ranges and climbing capabilities. Previous studies found limited flight performance in cormorants. Adapted for both fligh
China's rapid growth in electricity demand intensifies the twin challenges of water conservation and carbon reduction in a system where production and consumption are spatially mismatched. We develop a novel evaluation framework to quantify how electricity generation and interprovincial transmission redistribute “virtual” water and carbon. The method integrates national water/carbon footprints by
Introduction Despite the improvements in diabetes management by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) it is difficult to capture the complexity of CGM data in one metric. We aimed to develop a clinically relevant multidimensional scoring model with the capacity to identify the most alarming CGM episodes and/or patients from a large cohort. Research design and methods Retrospective CGM data from 2017
Objectives: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is associated with a poor prognosis and a lack of specific treatment options. The dysregulation of activin A (ActA) has been reported in various malignancies. Herein, we investigated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ActA in LUSC. Materials and methods: ActA concentrations were measured using ELISA in plasma samples of 128 LUSC patients (
Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been suggested as the most promising biomarker of acute kidney injury. However, there are no reliable data on analytical sensitivity and reference limits of urinary NGAL (uNGAL) assay in pediatric age. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the analytical sensitivity and the reference range of uNGAL measured in urine specimens
CONTEXT: The well-known side-effect profile of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has significant quality-of-life (QoL) implications. Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) alternates androgen blockade with treatment cessation to allow hormonal recovery between treatment cycles, thus potentially improving tolerability and QoL. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate available evidence regarding the efficacy and t
Several risk factors for severe non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus have been proposed without explaining the rapid progression of retinopathy in some patients. Since GAD65 autoantibodies (GAD65Abs) are detected against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), which is mainly expressed in islets and nervous tissue in type 1 diabetic patients, the aim of the presen
Many breeding attempts in birds do not result in any fledged young due to predation on eggs or young. Consequently, the influence of time constraints on reproductive decisions are integrated parts of the reproductive behaviour of birds breeding within short, seasonal climate zones. In this study. I mimicked nest predation by removing blue tit (Parus caeruleus) clutches shortly after completion. Ar
The European Union (EU) has laid down very clear objectives for the reduction of greenhouse gases in the hope that it will prevent or mitigate climate change. Political incentives are used to make the power industry adopt changes in order to reach these EU targets. In this thesis, some solutions that could help power companies meet the EU objectives are evaluated. Thermodynamic models have been de
Background: Myocardial fibrosis, expressed as late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), is an important risk factor for malignant cardiac events in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, CMR is not easily available, expensive, also needing intravenous access and contrast. Objective: To determine if derived vectorcardiographic spatial QRS-T angles, an aspec
Den svenska företagsbeskattningen baseras på att varje enskilt företag är ett självständigt skattskyldigt subjekt. Däremot finns vissa möjligheter att beakta flera företags resultat av näringsverksamhet när dessa ingår i en koncern. Ett alternativ som har ställts upp är de skatterättsliga koncernbidragen. Då koncernbidragsreglerna aktualiseras och en värdeöverföring har skett mellan två företag inSwedish corporate taxation is based on the fact that each individual company is an independently taxable subject. On the other hand, in some circumstances it is possible to take into account several companies' income of economic activities, when these are part of a corporate group. One option available is the group contribution. If the rules concerning group contributions are applicable and a
The European Myeloma Network has organized two workshops on fluorescence in situ hybridization in multiple myeloma. The first aimed to identify specific indications and consensus technical approaches of current practice. A second workshop followed a quality control exercise in which 21 laboratories analyzed diagnostic cases of purified plasma cells for recurrent abnormalities. The summary report w
I takt med att hållbarhet blir viktigare söker många företag inom jordbrukssektorn lösningar för att fasa ut fossila drivmedel. Utmaningen blir ännu mer komplex när ersättningen ska vara kompatibel med en existerande fordonsflotta, utan investering i nya fordon. Denna studie jämförde fyra kommersiellt tillgängliga och förnybara drivmedel med referensbränslet diesel. De undersökta drivmedlen är HVAs sustainability becomes more important in today's society, many companies in the agricultural sector are looking for new alternatives to fossil fuels. The challenge becomes even more complex when the replacement must be compatible with an existing vehicle fleet, without requiring new investments in vehicles. This report compares four commercially available and renewable fuels, using convent
Background: Since its discovery in 2007, the importance of the human gut bacterium Prevotella copri (P. copri) has been widely recognized with its links to diet and health status and potential as next generation probiotic. Therefore, precise, convenient and cost-effective diagnostic tools for the detection and quantification of P. copri from clinical and environmental samples are needed. Results:
BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction may be caused by either pressure or volume overload. RV function is conventionally assessed with echocardiography using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV fractional area change (RVFAC), tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (S') and RV index of myocardial performance (RIMP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether
Objective: This study assessed the applicability and outcomes of the closure of unused cuffs in branched endovascular aneurysm repair (b-EVAR) of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods: We reviewed b-EVAR procedures at a tertiary referral center to identify patients who underwent incomplete branching and needed closure of the unused branch cuffs. An electronic database and intraoperative and fo
It is generally expected that, in environments with pronounced seasonal resource peaks, birds’ reproductive success will be maximised when nestlings’ peak food demand coincides with the timing of high food availability. However in certain birds that stay resident over winter, earlier breeding leads juveniles to join the winter flock earlier, which by the prior residence effect increases their succ
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β (1–42; Aβ42), can provide high diagnostic accuracy. Several immunoassays are available for Aβ42 quantitation, but standardisation across assays remains an issue. We compared the Elecsys® β-Amyloid (1–42) CSF assay with three assays and two liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods.
Correlations of nighttime atmospheric methane (CH4) and 222radon (222Rn) observations in Heidelberg, Germany, were evaluated with the radon tracer method (RTM) to estimate the trend of annual nocturnal CH4 emissions from 1996-2020 in the footprint of the station. After an initial 30ĝ€¯% decrease in emissions from 1996 to 2004, there was no further systematic trend but small inter-annual variations
