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Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental mechanism for the regulation of gene expression. It affects more than 90% of human genes but its role in the regulation of pancreatic beta cells, the producers of insulin, remains unknown. Our recently published data indicated that the 'neuron-specific' Nova1 splicing factor is expressed in pancreatic beta cells. We have presently coupled specific knockdo

The aim of this study is to explore whether administration timing affects glycaemic control by lixisenatide once-daily in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Background It is known that narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) radiation and oral vitamin D-3 supplementation can both improve serum levels of vitamin D, expressed as 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 [25(OH)D-3]. However, surprisingly few studies have compared the effects of the two interventions in treating vitamin D deficiency. Objectives To compare the effect of NB-UVB exposure with oral vitamin D-3 supple

Common genetic variations in the gene encoding transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) reveal the strongest association with type 2-diabetes known to date. These lead to impaired insulin production and output, but the mechanisms of disease remain incompletely known. In this issue of Diabetologia, two publications provide new insights into TCF7L2-dependent diabetes.

The combination of glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been suggested as an approach to target obesity, since the two hormones have complementary action on body weight. We examined whether complementary action of the two hormones also exist on insulin secretion. Female C57BL/6 mice were injected intravenously with glucose with or without GLP-1, glucagon or the combination of GLP-1 and

Regular exercise has numerous health benefits, for example, it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. It has also been shown that the risk of type 2 diabetes can be halved in high-risk groups through nonpharmacological lifestyle interventions involving exercise and diet. Nevertheless, the number of people living a sedentary life is dramatically increasing worldwide. Researchers hav

Context: The incretin effect is the augmented insulin secretion by oral versus intravenous glucose at matching glucose levels. We previously demonstrated an augmented insulin secretion when fat is given orally rather than intravenously, suggesting an incretin effect also after fat. However, whether there is an incretin effect is also present after amino acid ingestion is not known. Objective: To e

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) develops due to insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, predominantly in genetically predisposed subjects exposed to nongenetic risk factors like obesity, physical inactivity and ageing. Emerging data suggest that epigenetics also play a key role in the pathogenesis of T2D. Genome-wide studies have identified altered DNA methylation patterns in pancreatic islets, s

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Solen värmer jordytan olika mycket på olika platser dels beroende på om ytan är land, hav eller is och dels beroende på den breddgrad ytan är belägen på. Denna ojämna uppvärmning ger upphov till regionala ojämnheter i lufttrycket. Det är dessa tryckojämnheter som styr vindriktningarna i atmosfären och därmed vart alla vädersystemen rör sig. Det är alltså den ojäLong time-series of pressure measurements often have high quality because the early instruments are more or less the same as the modern ones. A time-series from Lund consisting of three daily measurements from 1780-1997 has been homogenised and is therefore suitable for analysing possible influences of the enhanced greenhouse effect. According to a two-layer model of the atmosphere one finds a shi

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) potently augment insulin response to glucose. It is less known what their effects are insulin clearance, which also contributes to peripheral hyperinsulinemia observed after administration of incretins together with glucose. The aims of this study were the quantification of C-peptide secretion and the evaluation

We previously demonstrated that the overall incretin effect and the β-cell responsiveness to glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) are increased in insulin-resistant mice and may contribute to the upregulated β-cell function. Now we examined whether this could, first, be explained by increased islet GLP1 receptor (GLP1R) protein levels and, secondly, be leveraged by G-protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119

Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) ind

Insulin stimulates fusion, but not tethering, of GLUT4 vesicles in skeletal muscle of HA-GLUT4-GFP transgenic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 302: E950-E960, 2012. First published January 31, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00466.2011.-Insulin regulates glucose uptake into fat and muscle by modulating the subcellular distribution of GLUT4 between the cell surface and intracellular compartments. Howe

We investigated the efficacy of initial combination therapy with sitagliptin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes for 4 years in clinical practice.

Gluco-incretin hormones increase the glucose competence of pancreatic beta-cells by incompletely characterized mechanisms.