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Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig svensk sammanfattning Har allvarliga infektioner orsakade av bakterien Haemophilus influenzae försvunnit? En undertyp av H. influenzae, typ b (Hib), var tidigare en fruktad orsak till struplocksinflammation, hjärnhinneinflammation och svår blodförgiftning hos små barn. Problemet var så stort att allmän vaccination mot Hib infördes i många länder i böWhat is the current status of Haemophilus influenzae as an agent of invasive infection in Sweden? H. influenzae type b (Hib) used to be a common cause of meningitis, epiglottitis and severe sepsis in young children. In the late 1980’s an effective conjugated vaccine against Hib was developed and a dramatic fall in Hib incidence was observed in countries that implemented vaccination. This includes

Sleep plays a vital role in physical and mental functioning. It is increasingly recognized that disturbed sleep is a highly prevalent and chronic condition that merits greater awareness due to the wide-ranging and serious repercussions associated with it. Nocturia is one of the causes of sleep disturbance and has been shown to impair functioning, quality of life, health and productivity, with thos

Inclination-dependent grain boundary (GB) energy and shear-coupled motion are studied for and tilt GBs in face-centered cubic materials using three-dimensional (3D) phase field crystal (PFC) simulations. A large dataset spanning misorientation and inclination space is systematically generated to evaluate trends in GB energy and shear-coupling. GB energy variations broadly follow ideal faceting a

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Background: To gain more knowledge of the mechanism behind the appearance of radiation induced cancer, the cellular response at low doses has to be studied. A Single Ion Hit Facility (SIHF) at the Lund Nuclear Microprobe Laboratory will be used for this purpose. The facility allows single MeV ions to hit single living cells.Purpose: The goals of this work were to i) design a suitable cell dish whe

Background: in traditional medicine, blueberries have been used to facilitate blood glucose regulation in type 2 diabetes. Recent studies in diabetic mice have indicated facilitated glycaemic regulation following dietary supplementation with extracts from European blueberries, also called bilberries, (Vaccinium myrtillus). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of fermented

This study tests the causal relationships between quality of governance and economic growth at the provincial level in China during the post-Mao reform era. Exploiting the wide cross-provincial variation and rapid change over time in governance institutions and economic performance in China during this period (covering 1985–2005), the study provides a new perspective on the relationship between go

Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are effective against ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Our aim was to investigate differences in the prescribing of OACs after ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation based on age, sex, country of birth, and socioeconomic status.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tidstrender i prevalens, incidens och mortalitet följdes för 15000 diabetespatienter under 1991-2005. Kliniska fynd, C-peptidanalyser och öcellsantikroppar jämfördes med avseende på förmågan att särskilja typ 1 från typ 2 diabetes och faktorer som påverkade prognosen undersöktes. Incidens och ålder vid insjuknandet förhöll sig oförändrade över tid, men prevalensen ökadTime trends in prevalence, incidence and mortality was followed in 15000 diabetic patients in 1991?2005. Clinical findings, C-peptide protocols, and islet antibodies were compared in their ability to distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes, and factors associated with the prognosis of diabetes were explored. The incidence and the age at onset remained stable but the prevalence of diabetes increas

Vasopressin and oxytocin are synthesised in the hypothalamus and released to the blood stream via the posterior lobe of the hypophysis. Research during later years has shown that these peptides are also produced in other parts of the brain. The secretion to plasma is stimulated by oestrogen, an effect which is counteracted by progestagen. During delivery the fetus can also produce substantial amou

Objectives: To evaluate costs, benefits, and cost effectiveness of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor treatment over one year in routine clinical practice. Materials and methods: At four rheumatology units in southern Sweden treatment of 160 consecutive patients with RA was started with either etanercept or infliximab. The economic analysis was based on 116 patients with complete data who received

Phosphodiesterase type 3B (PDE3B) has been shown to be activated and phosphorylated in response to insulin and hormones that increase cAMP. In order to study serine/threonine protein phosphatases involved in the regulation of rat adipocyte PDE3B, we investigated the phosphorylation and activation of PDE3B in vivo in response to phosphatase inhibitors and the dephosphorylation and deactivation of P

This thesis consists of six articles on three different subjects in the area of complex analysis, operator theory and harmonic analysis. Part I - "The Shift Operator on Spaces of Vector-valued Analytic Functions" consists of three closely connected articles that investigate certain operators in the Cowen-Douglas class with spectrum D - the unit disc, or equivalently, the shift operator M_z

Telavancin is a novel bactericidal lipoglycopeptide with multiple mechanisms of action against gram-positive pathogens. The aim of this study was to describe the dynamics of the antimicrobial effect of telavancin against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin susceptible and methicillin resistant) in an in vitro kinetic model with simulated human pharmacokinetics. Also, static experimen

Metal contamination of lakes can bring negative effects to aquatic biota, and to the general health of the ecosystem. Urban discharge is a known source of common metals. In cold regions, snow disposal sites further enhances the risk of contaminating recipient lakes, due to accumulation of pollutants. The importance of this source is poorly known and is further investigated in this study. Metal con