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Quantitative concentrations measurements using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence have been demonstrated for nitric oxide (NO) in flame. Fluorescence lifetimes measured using a picosecond Nd:YAG laser and optical parametric amplifier system have been used to directly compensate the measured signal for collisional quenching and evaluate NO concentration. The full evaluation also includes the

Ecosystems can show sudden and persistent changes in state despite only incremental changes in drivers. Such critical transitions are difficult to predict, because the state of the system often shows little change before the transition. Early-warning indicators (EWIs) are hypothesized to signal the loss of system resilience and have been shown to precede critical transitions in theoretical models,

AbstractAsthma is a chronic disease that affects approximately 300 million people worldwide, and the prevalence is increasing. It has become clear that asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, with overlapping symptoms but with diverse immunopathology and clinical phenotypes. Also, a significant proportion of asthma patients have remaining symptoms despite treatment. In addition to different phen

Nine species in five genera of the family Axinellidae, including three new species, Axinella badungensis sp. nov., A. ba-linensis sp. nov. and Phycopsis pesgalli sp. nov. are recorded from Indonesian waters within the limits of the Western Coral Triangle province. Descriptions and discussion of those species are presented here. Four new combinations, Pha-kettia arbora (Sim, Kim & Byeon, 1990)

Islet transplantation is a minimally invasive β-cell replacement strategy. Islet transplantation is a reimbursed treatment in Norway. Here, we summarize the cost and clinical outcome of 31 islet transplantations performed at Oslo University Hospital (OUS) from January 2010 to June 2015. Patients were retrospectively divided into three groups. Thirteen patients received either one or two islet tran

Cancer is typically classified as a leading non-communicable disease; however, infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human papilloma virus (HPV), contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of various cancers. Less developed countries, including countries of the North African (NA) region, endure the highest burden of infec

Fluvial export of organic matter from the terrestrial catchment to the aquatic system is a large and increasing carbon flux. The successful reduction in sulfuric acid deposition since the 1980s has been shown to enhance the mobility of organic matter in the soil, with more terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) reaching aquatic systems. Changes in soil acidity also affect the quality

Differential equations with discontinuities or differential equations coupled to discrete systems require frequent re-initializations of the numerical solution process. The classical starting process of multistep methods, based on increasing the order in the initialization phase, is computationally expensive when frequent discontinuities occur. Instead we propose to use the stage values or weight

Genetic studies of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have identified a total of 53 CRS-associated SNPs that were subsequently evaluated for their reproducibility in a recent study. The rs2873551 SNP in linkage disequilibrium with PARS2 showed the strongest association signal. The present study aims to comprehensively screen for rare variants in PARS2 and evaluate for accumulation of such variants in CR

Lenalidomide is a highly effective treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 5q (del(5q)). Here, we demonstrate that lenalidomide induces the ubiquitination of casein kinase 1A1 (CK1α) by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-CRBN (known as CRL4CRBN), resulting in CK1α degradation. CK1α is encoded by a gene within the common deleted region for del(5q) MDS and haploi

Solid-phase extraction and HPLC methods are described for monitoring of 17-β-estradiol residues in Egyptian aquatic ecosystems (water, fish, mollusks, sediment, and drinking water) at the Nile River, Suez Canal region, and northeast of Egypt. Molecular imprinted polymer was prepared and used in extraction. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns used were Supelcosil C18 and Nucleosil

The aim of this study is to find potential utilization practice of rice straw in India from an environmental perspective. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted for four most realistic utilization practices of straw including: (1) incorporation into the field as fertilizer (2) animal fodder (3) electricity (4) biogas. The results show that processing of 1 ton straw to electricity and biogas resu

The transient-state kinetic consequences of the coupling of a single-enzyme reaction to other metabolic reactions have been examined in generalized terms. Analytical data are presented which specify under what conditions such coupling may lead to an oscillatory transient rate behaviour of a reaction system involving an enzyme operating by a Michaelian mechanism. The results indicate that the prese

Calculations of the electric field gradient (EFG) at the cadmium nucleus have been carried out on Cd2+ in the field of two point charges, CdF2, CdCl2, and CdF2Cl2 2- at the RHF, MPn (n = 2, 3, 4), and CCSD(T) levels of theory, in order to evaluate the effects of electron correlation, relativity, and basis set truncation. The EFG has furthermore been calculated in two large molecules (approximately

ABHD12 mutations have been linked to neurodegenerative PHARC (polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and early-onset cataract), a rare, progressive, autosomal, recessive disease. Although ABHD12 is suspected to play a role in the lysophosphatidylserine and/or endocannabinoid pathways, its precise functional role(s) leading to PHARC disease had not previously been characterized