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During a 2-year period, 5476 normal routine obstetrical ultrasound investigations were performed in the 2nd trimester (16th to 20th week). Data on biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal diameter (AD) and femur length (FL) have been obtained from this material. Ratios between BPD/AD and BPD/FL have been calculated, and from these ratios, graphs were constructed. Only nine normal fetuses (0.2%) were f
This paper focuses on older peoples’ needs as pedestrians by examining their perceptions of the outdoor environment in both bare-ground and snow/ice conditions. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used, including focus group interviews, participant observations, and questionnaires. The results show that older people consider accessibility/usability issues as very important and that the import
Forum papers are thought-provoking opinion pieces or essays founded in fact, sometimes containing speculation, on a civil engineering topic of general interest and relevance to the readership of the journal. The views expressed in this Forum article do not necessarily reflect the views of ASCE or the Editorial Board of the journal.
Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of
Background/objectives: Adequate mineral intake is important for the maintenance of bone health, cellular function and general metabolism, and possibly in the aetiology of cancer and other chronic diseases. This study aimed at investigating variation in intakes of selected minerals across 10 European countries participating in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund och syfte med avhandlingen Glutenintolerans, celiaki är en av de vanligaste kroniska sjukdomarna bland barn och innebär att man inte tåler gluten, som är ett protein och finns i vete, råg och korn. Tunntarmen har en veckad slemhinna med fingerlika utskott , tarmludd och hela tarmen har en yta på 250 kvadratmeter, vilket är lika stort som en tennisplan. Den stBackground: The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) is estimated to be around 1%, but most CD cases are undiagnosed. Sweden experienced an epidemic of clinically detected celiac disease in children younger than 2 years of age, partly due to changes in infant feeding practices, were the amount of gluten and age at introduction was changed. However, it was not clear if the increase in clinically detec
Community screening to guide preventive interventions for acute aortic disease has been recommended in high-risk individuals. We sought to prospectively assess risk factors in the general population for aortic dissection (AD) and severe aneurysmal disease in the thoracic and abdominal aorta.
Objective: To investigate (i) the performance and agreement between various activity indices and response criteria in TNF-blockade of RA; (ii) the predictive ability of different response criteria and disease activity states regarding continuation of anti-TNF treatment of RA; (iii) Euro-QoL-5-dimensions utility development during TNF blockade of RA, PsA and SpA. Also, (iv) to develop a simple, uti
This paper investigates explanations of variation in the development of capital asset volume between Swedish local governments, 1999–2008. As a pre-study, four cases were performed, generating 7 suggested explanatory factors. Hypotheses were generated by combining the suggested factors with a new political economy framework, containing two general assumptions. A national dataset of Swedish local g
The carbon dynamics of northern natural ecosystems contribute significantly to the global carbon balance. Periodic disturbances to these dynamics include insect herbivory. Larvae of autumn and winter moths (Epirrita autumnata and Operophtera brumata) defoliate mountain birch (Betula pubescens) forests in northern Scandinavia cyclically every 9-10 years and occasionally (50-150 years) extreme popul
Genetic predisposition for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is likely to be modified by environmental exposures. We tested if the associated risk of CVD and CVD-mortality by the single nucleotide polymorphism rs4977574 on chromosome 9p21 is modified by life-style factors.
Waste is an issue in the food industry which impacts both the economy and the environment negatively. Atria is a food company aiming to reduce the waste. This report investigates the waste, its origin, and causes in the ham production process. The aim of this report is to identify waste and possible solutions. In this report both qualitative data and quantitative data were collected and analysed.
En vårdnadstvist hör ofta samman med föräldrars separation, vilken kan grunda sig i en konflikt föräldrarna emellan. Domstolens prövning kan även komma att påverka barnet i olika hänseenden. Det händer att en förälder hävdar att det finns en risk för barnet att vara med den andra föräldern. Det kan vara en anklagelse om att den andra föräldern allvarligt har misshandlat barnet eller föräldern, misChild custody cases brought before a civil court often consist of a conflict between two parents. A child custody dispute may also affect the child in several aspects. A parent may claim there is a risk to the child when spending time with the other parent. Such an allegation may consist of child abuse, domestic violence, substance abuse, child abduction or mental ill health. The enumerated circum
Veikimoräner är cirkulära moräner med ryggar längs kanterna som kan hittas i norra Sverige. Majoriteten är belägna längs en N-S gående kuperat landskap. Moränerna tros ha bildats under tidig-mellan Weichsel och har överlagrats av glaciärer från efterföljande glaciationer. Tack vare att Veikimoränerna har bevaratas i så gott skick kan dessa moräner ge värdefull information om glaciationer och dåvarVeiki moraine is a landform area consisting of rim-ridged subcircular hummocks and plateaus with depressions in between, mostly located within a N-S extending zone of a hummocky landscape. It is believed to have formed during the pre-late Weichselian and survived overriding by ice during the subsequent glaciations. Due to their good preservation, the Veiki moraine provides valuable information on
I Sverige drabbas omkring 300 barn av cancer varje år och majoriteten av dem är bara fyra-fem år gamla när de får sin diagnos. Omkring två tredjedelar av barncancerdiagnoserna utgörs av leukemier, lymfom och hjärntumörer, medan den sista tredjedelen är olika solida tumörformer som njurtumörer och nervvävnadstumörer i buken. Cancersjukvårdens utveckling under de senaste årtiondena har medfört en avPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of including PET (Positron Emission Tomography) in the process of pediatric radiation therapy planning. The aim was to study the effect on target volumes and how this in turn affects the resulting treatment plans. This study also aims to compare the estimated risks of various long-term complications and how the use of PET influences the
Background: Periodontal disease is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) but it is unknown if periodontal disease severity is associated with asymptomatic carotid plaque. The aim of the current population-based, observational study was to investigate if signs of periodontal disease are associated with the occurrence of carotid plaque and total plaque area (TPA). Methods: The Malmö Offspring
