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The contamination of pasteurized milk by Bacillus cereus during the ®lling process was studied in two dairy plants. Samples of pasteurized milk were taken at four different sites along the production line. The samples were stored at 7 °C for 7 d, or at 10 °C for 5 d, before plate counting and random selection of B. cereus isolates. Isolates of B. cereus were typed by the polymerase chain reaction
The vascular effects of endothelins (ET) are in mammals mediated via two receptor subtypes, endothelin A (ETA, mainly constrictive) and endothelin B (ETB, mainly dilating) receptors. We have examined the presence of ETA and ETB receptor mRNA using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in both normal human cerebral arteries and cerebral arteries from patients with cerebrovasc
The self-diffusion coefficients of water in casein solutions and gels were measured using a pulsed-gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance technique (PGSE NMR). The dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient of water on the concentration and structure-of casein is reported. The results were analyzed using a cell model. It was found that the water self-diffusion coefficient is insensitive t
In order to test the potential effect of prior exposure to different Cd concentrations on Cd uptake and accumulation, plants of Arabidopsis thaliana, including a phytochelatin-deficient mutant, cad1-3, and the wild type, were compared. For Cd uptake experiments, plants were grown for 1 week in nutrient solution containing different Cd concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 muM Cd(NO3)(2)
Impulse drying was simulated with a platen press equipped with a heated pressing head. The heat transferred to the wet paper sheet and the temperature gradient achieved in the thickness direction of the sheet during the press pulse were measured. The influence of the basis weight, the applied pressure, and the hot surface temperature on the temperature gradient and the total amount of heat transfe
Levels of plasma DNA concentrations in cancer patients have been shown to be higher than the plasma DNA concentrations found in healthy subjects. The value of plasma DNA levels for development of neoplastic or pulmonary disease was evaluated in a large prospective study. Plasma samples (n = 1, 184) were analyzed from 776 controls, 359 cases of cancer (lung, bladder, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, l
Background: Modern medicine provides unprecedented opportunities in diagnostics and treatment. However, in some situations at the end of a patient's life, many physicians refrain from using all possible measures to prolong life. We studied the incidence of different types of treatment withheld or withdrawn in 6 European countries and analyzed the main background characteristics. Methods: Between J
Channels were activated, in ripped-off patches from rat-cultured hippocampal neurons, by propofol alone, propofol plus 0.5 muM GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) or GABA alone. The propofol-activated currents were chloride-selective, showed outward-rectification and were enhanced by 1 muM diazepam. The maximum propofol-activated channel conductance increased with propofol concentration from less than
This article deals with the high mobility of servants in preindustrial northwestern Europe. By combining both a qualitative and a quantitative approach we analyse the determinants of servant migration in the province of Scania, in southern Sweden, during the nineteenth century. The analysis shows that about half of the moves were connected to the structure of working-life organization, servant hie
We investigated the importance of changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) for amiloride-sensitive alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) in late-gestational guinea pigs. Fetal guinea pigs of 61, 68, and 69 days (term) gestation were investigated under normal conditions and after oxytocin-induced preterm labor. AFC or alveolar fluid secretion was measured using an impermeable tracer tec
Background. Urban birth, a risk factor for schizophrenia, is more frequent among secondgeneration immigrants. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the increased risk for schizophrenia found in second-generation immigrants is explained by the degree of urbanization of birthplace and/or factors related to parentage, such as geographic origin or history of residence abroad during upb
Background & Aims: Three pathways control gastric acid secretion: the gastrin-enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell axis, the vagus-parietal cell axis, and the cholecystokinin (CCK)-D cell axis. Mice lacking gastrin or both gastrin and CCK were examined to determine the role of the hormones. Methods: Acid was measured after pylorus ligation, and biopsies from gastrin knockout (KO), gastrin-CCK doub
Decay kinetic properties of a two-level atom near the band edges of photonic crystals (PCs) with absolute gaps are studied based on the Green's function expression for the evolution operator. The local coupling strength between the photons and an atom is evaluated by an exact numerical method. It is found that the decay behavior of an excited atom can be fundamentally changed by the variation of t
We have recently reported that a polymorphism in the cell division cycle (CDC2) gene, designated Ex6 + 7I/D, is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The CDC2 gene is located on chromosome 10q21.1 close to the marker D10S1225 linked to AD. Active cdc2 accumulates in neurons containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), a process that can precede the formation of NFT. Therefore, CDC2 is a promising
Abstract not available
Changes in the structure and chemistry of -lactoglobulin (-LG) play an important role in the processing and functionality of milk products. In model -LG systems, there is evidence that the aggregates of heated -LG are held together by a mixture of intermolecular non-covalent association and heat-induced non-native disulfide bonds. Although a number of non-native disulfide bonds have been identifie
