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Background: Lead-time is defined as the time by which screening advances the diagnosis compared with absence of screening. A sufficiently long lead-time needs to be achieved so that cancer can be detected while still curable. A very short lead-time may indicate poor sensitivity of the screening test, while a very long lead-time suggests overdiagnosis. Material and methods: In the first screening r
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is an umbrella term describing a family of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. These diseases are characterised by inflammation of the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, and entheseal insertion sites throughout the body which can lead to structural joint damage including formation of axial syndesmophytes and peripheral osteophytes. Genetic evidence, preclinical and cli
The ignition process, mode of combustion and reaction front propagation in a partially premixed combustion (PPC) engine running with a primary reference fuel (87 vol% iso-octane, 13 vol% n-heptane) were investigated numerically in a large eddy simulation (LES). A one-equation sub-grid scale model coupled to the partially stirred reactor model and a finite rate chemical model were used in LES. Diff
Cognitive trajectories vary greatly across older individuals, and the neural mechanisms underlying these differences remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the cognitive variability in older adults by linking the influence of white matter microstructure on the task-related organization of fast and effective communications between brain regions. Using diffusion tensor imaging and electroenc
The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked generalized uncertainty around the world, with health workers experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, insomnia, and stress. Although the effects of the pandemic on mental health may change as it evolves, the majority of reports have been web-based, cross-sectional studies. We performed a study assessing acute stress in frontline healthworkers during two consec
A method was developed for the simultaneous demonstration of two specific cellular constituents. Cryostat sections of formaldehyde fixed tissue from retinae treated with ((3)H)-5-hydroxytryptamine were subjected to immunohistochemistry and subsequent autoradiography. The method takes advantage of the very efficient and specific uptake mechanism that many types of neurons possess which makes it pos
The electronic band structure of complex nanostructured semiconductors has a considerable effect on the final electronic and optical properties of the material and, ultimately, on the functionality of the devices incorporating them. Valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy (VEELS) in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) provides the possibility of measuring this property of semiconductors w
Fertilization in angiosperms involves the germination of pollen on the stigma, followed by the extrusion of a pollen tube that elongates through the style and delivers two sperm cells to the embryo sac. Sexual selection could occur throughout this process when male gametophytes compete for fertilization. The strength of sexual selection during pollen competition should be affected by the number of
The focus for this study is the collection of mosaic-floors that adorn the entrances, fauces, to atrium-houses around Pompeii. The aim is to further our understanding of the Roman view of transitional spaces, in this case the private house-entrance between the inside and the outside world. Contemporary approaches to Pompeian studies regard space and décor as closely intertwined components, which s
Identifying in situ hazardous materials can improve demolition waste recyclability and reduce project uncertainties concerning cost overrun and delay. With the attempt to characterize their detection patterns in buildings, the study investigates the prediction potential of machine learning techniques with hazardous waste inventories and building registers as input data. By matching, validating, an
The presentation and underlying pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is complex and heterogeneous. Recent studies attempted to stratify T2D into distinct subgroups using data-driven approaches, but their clinical utility may be limited if categorical representations of complex phenotypes are suboptimal. We apply a soft-clustering (archetype) method to characterize newly diagnosed T2D based on
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse brain dysfunction resulting from a systemic inflammatory response to infection, but the mechanism remains unclear. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) could play a central role in the neuronal dysfunction, induction of apoptosis, and cell death in SAE. The mitochondrial isomerase cyclophilin D (CypD) is known to control the sens
Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly and creating a huge economic, social and public health challenge worldwide. Although currently an effective vaccine is ready, its distribution is limited, and hence the only currently available lever to reduce transmission is to identify and isolate individuals who are contagious. Thus, testing for SARS CoV-2 has a paramount importance. How
The involvement of health professionals in research may ensure the acquisition of relevant and sustainable knowledge that is applicable in practice. However, knowledge is lacking about how professionals experience being involved. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how health professionals experienced the process of being involved in a project related to research on ageing and health.
