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A total of 3,016 malignant solid tumors (kidney, colorectal, breast, head and neck, ovarian, and lung carcinomas, neuroglial tumors, malignant melanoma, and testicular germ cell tumors) were selected for statistical analyses regarding karyotypic evolution. Genomic imbalances, i.e., net gains and losses, present in more than 5% of each tumor type were identified. Individual tumors were then classif
The global surgery workforce is in crisis in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The shortage of surgery, obstetrics, and anesthesia providers is an important cause of the unmet need for surgical care in LMICs. The goal of this paper is to summarize the available literature about surgical physicians in LMICs and to describe ongoing initiatives to supplement the existing surgical workfor
Objective: In this study, our aim was to investigate how different immunohistochemical techniques may influence the result of BCL6 positivity and categorization in germinal center (GC) and non-GC derived diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as it has been proposed that classification of DLBCL according to cell-of-origin by immunohistochemistry may be performed as a routine procedure in the diagn
Aim: The aim of the present study was to study the renal function and the relationship of deterioration in renal function with major outcomes in elderly nursing home residents. A second aim was to compare the internationally recommended formulae for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) consisting of both creatinine and cystatinC in a nursing home population. Methods: A total of 429 patients
This paper designs distributed dynamic traffic signal control policies for urban traffic networks. Vehicles at the end of an approach to an intersection queue up in separate lanes corresponding to different possible turn maneuvers at the upcoming intersection, according to fixed turn ratios. The departure rate of vehicles from the queue is governed by traffic signal control at the intersections. W
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations confer increased risk for development of breast cancer, but a number of additional, currently largely unknown, somatic genetic defects must also accumulate in the breast epithelial cells before malignancy develops. To evaluate the nature of these additional somatic genetic defects, we performed a genome-wide survey by comparative genomic hybridization on breast cancers fr
Background:Generalist predators may vary their diet and use of habitat according to both internal state (e.g. breeding stage) and external (e.g. weather) factors. Lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus (Linnaeus 1758) are dietary generalists, foraging in both terrestrial and marine habitats during breeding. We investigate what affects the gulls’ propensity to forage at sea or on land. We assess th
Background: Occurrence of severe asthma exacerbations are the cornerstone of the evaluation of asthma management, but severe asthma exacerbations are rare events. Therefore, trials that assess drug efficacy on exacerbations are done late in clinical development programmes. We aimed to establish an endpoint capturing clinically relevant deteriorations (diary events) that, when combined with severe
Aim: The treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies ranges from palliative care to full cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC. Ongoing monitoring of patient recruitment and volume is usually carried out through dedicated registries. With multiple registries available worldwide, we sought to investigate the nature, extent and value of existing worldwide CRS an
Because of the amphiphilic properties of alcohols, hydrophobic hydration is important in the alcohol-water system. In the present paper we employ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the bulk and surface molecular structure of ethanol-water mixtures from 0.2 to 95 mol %. The observed XPS binding energy splitting between the methyl C 1s and hydroxymethyl C 1s groups (BES-[CH3-CH2OH
Measurement of endwall heat transfer around a circular cylinder with a vortex generator pair has been investigated. Steady state liquid crystal thermography is adopted. Cylinders having two different height to diameter ratios have been employed. In one case, the cylinder has one end free in the flow and in the other case it has both ends attached on the walls. Local Nusselt numbers both upstream a
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective quasi-experimental study, pre- and post-design.OBJECTIVES: Assess safety, feasibility, training characteristics and changes in gait function for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) using the robotic exoskeletons from Ekso Bionics.SETTING: Nine European rehabilitation centres.METHODS: Robotic exoskeleton gait training, three times weekly over 8 weeks. Time upright, time
Massive MIMO is a compelling wireless access concept that relies on the use of an excess number of base-station antennas, relative to the number of active terminals. This technology is a main component of 5G New Radio and addresses all important requirements of future wireless standards: a great capacity increase, the support of many simultaneous users, and improvement in energy efficiency. Massiv
The influence of carbon dioxide addition to the fuel on soot evolution in ethylene and propane diffusion flames was studied by optical diagnostics. The mole fraction of CO2 addition ranged from 0 to 0.5, while the flow rate of the fuel gas was kept constant for these two sets of flames. Spatial distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), temperature, as well as volume fraction, prima
We address the fundamental question why we should use PageRank and similar link-based algorithms in search engines, if at all. In a legendary article from 1998, the Google founders gave an intriguing wisdom-of-crowds justification for PageRank according to which the latter tracks quality online. This striking suggestion stands in contrast to the view that PageRank merely tracks what is popular. Ho
This paper explores the urban form, demographic and socio-economic dependencies of walking, cycling and e-biking in Beijing based on a survey (N = 1427) of daily travel among residents in eight neighborhoods, enriched with urban form variables. The results show that walking is most frequently used, followed by cycling, which in turn is more frequent than e-biking. Walking and cycling are preferred
Three nuclei with mass number A=61 have been studied using four fusion-evaporation experiments carried out at the Oak Ridge, Argonne and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Normally deformed states in 61Ga were for the first time ever explored and in addition the experimental knowledge of the mirror nucleus 61Zn was extended. The two nuclei together provide the possibility to explore mirror
Background: The effectiveness of bronchial thermoplasty (BT) has been reported in patients with severe asthma, yet its effect on different bronchial structures remains unknown. Objective: We sought to examine the effect of BT on bronchial structures and to explore the association with clinical outcome in patients with severe refractory asthma. Methods: Bronchial biopsy specimens (n = 300) were col
