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Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays a significant role in climate change by altering the global atmospheric radiation budget. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are major sources for the formation of SOA. Their relationship is critical to understand the continental biosphere-aerosol-cloud-climate (COBACC) feedback mechanism but receives less attention in previous studies. In this study,
Background Digitalisation has a big impact on the financial services industry in terms of new business and cost cutting opportunities, but also as threats from disruptive competitors. The financial sector is also pressured by increasingly strict regulations. New and extended regulations drive costs associated with risk management and compliance which makes it more difficult to uphold historical pr
Under de senaste 30 åren har en ny metod för att få information om tidigare ekosystem utveck- lats, nämligen att analysera gammalt (“ancient”) DNA (aDNA). Denna forskningsgren är fortfarande ung men har redan hittat många områden inom vilka den kan tillämpas. Inom paleoekologin finns det två huvudsakliga ändamål med aDNA-analyser; att kartlägga en arts hela genom, samt att bestämma antal taxa och During the last 30 years a new method for obtaining information about past ecosystems has been devel- oped, namely to analyse old (“ancient”) DNA (aDNA). This research field is still young but has already found many areas within which it can be applied. In palaeoecology, there are two main purposes with aDNA analyses; to map the entire genome of a species, and to determine the number of taxa, and
This study examines the long-term abnormal returns of stocks following Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) and Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEOs) on the Swedish and American markets from January 2000 to March 2021. Additionally, it examines the differences between Swedish and American companies and investigates factors influencing these disparities, focusing on the importance of market capitalization at
The Greenhouse Gas Reduction Mandate (GGRM, reduktionsplikten) is Swedish legislation focused on reducing carbon emissions by mandating that the emissions of certain fuels are reduced by a specified percentage, that percentage increasing each year. This paper investigates the rationale behind a political drive to decrease the GGRM, the cost-effectiveness of the GGRM, and the consequences of t
The analysis of annual extremes of hydrological and meteorological variables is frequently complicated by the presence of gaps in record, and when records are not only fragmented but also short, it is necessary to utilize to the full the information contained in them. One method is to abstract for statistical analysis all extreme events whose peaks exceed a pre-selected threshold value, but the th
Context and Objective: Intraportal islet transplantation can restore insulin production in type 1 diabetes patients, but its effect is subject to several interfering processes. To assess the influence of beta-cell loss before and during engraftment, we searched for a real-time marker of beta-cell destruction. Previous studies showed that 65-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) is dischar
Background: Myeloid cells have been associated with physiological and pathological angiogenesis, but their exact functions in these processes remain poorly defined. Monocyte-derived tissue macrophages of the CNS, or microglial cells, invade the mammalian retina before it becomes vascularized. Recent studies correlate the presence of microglia in the developing CNS with vascular network formation,
Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is generally associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly and obese subjects may be particularly susceptible, although short-term effects are poorly described. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects 25 males, 35 females, age 55 to 83 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2)) were included in a cross-over study with 5 hours of
Targino, A. C., Krecl, P., Johansson, C., Swietlicki, E., Massling, A., Coraiola, G. C. & Lihavainen, H. 2013: Deterioration of air quality across Sweden due to transboundary agricultural burning emissions. Boreal Env. Res. 18: 19-36. We analyzed measurements of aerosol and trace-gas concentrations from sites across Sweden before and during a series of agricultural wildland fires in eastern Eu
Mediterranean regions have a growing number of extreme weather events due to rapid change of climate. Cork oak, which is located in the western Mediterranean area, has become a very valuable resource within the western Mediterranean forests. Therefore, assessment of the impacts of climate extremes upon cork oak can help us produce better forest management practices for coping with future climate c
With a current financial crisis and a tough competitive environment, all units and departments within the companies have to keep up with the market and its demands. Every time Sandvik sells a machine to a mining company, the buyer faces the fact that they normally have to educate their operators from scratch. This, implicitly, means a period with high risks of failures and mistakes. Training with
Ett av de svåraste momenten för en domare är hur de ska värdera en muntlig utsaga. Vid sexualbrott är det vanligt förekommande att en utsaga är den största bevisningen, det är därför av största vikt att en utsaga värderas på ett objektivt och godtagbart sätt. I Sverige finns det ingen lagreglering om hur en bevisvärdering ska gå till. För att rättssäkerheten inte helt ska försvinna finns det riktlOne of the most difficult moments of a judge is how to evaluate an oral statement. When dealing with sex crimes the oral statement is usually the biggest evidence, it is therefore important that an oral statement is valued in an objective and acceptable manner. In Sweden, there is no legal regulation on how an evaluation on oral statements should work. There are guidelines for the evaluation of or
This paper is a critique of an article in the Swedish magazine Filosofisk Tidskrift (Philosophical Magazine), in which professor Per Bauhn maintains that there is something wrong with having a group perspective in moral and political matters. In this article Bauhn makes three conclusions. The first one is that you violate Hume's law if you draw the conclusion that something is an oppression on
Förenligheten mellan ISDS-mekanismen i Artikel 26 i Energistadgefördraget (ECT) och EU rätt har länge varit föremål för diskussion inom EU. Denna diskussion har de senaste åren fått all mer uppmärksamhet, sedan EUdomstolen i mål C-284/16 Achmea dömde att ISDS-mekanismen i det bilaterala investeringsavtalet (BIT) mellan Nederländerna och Slovakien var oförenligt med EU rätten. Enligt kritikerna gårThe compatibility of the investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism in Article 26 of the Energy Chart Treaty (ECT) with EU law has been a topic of intense discussion within the EU for a number of years. This discussion has gained traction in the light of the CJEU’s judgement in Case C-284/16 Achmea, where the Court declared that ISDS mechanism in the Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) betwe
Living and acting in collectivity has been a substantial aspect of human development. Built examples of intentional collective living complexes are found in various cultures around the globe some of which are still in use today. With the arrival of the industrial revolution and the influx of huge numbers of workers into cities, the question of collective housing gained momentum. The later quest of
Varje år tvångsomhändertas tusentals barn av socialnämnden och placeras för vård enligt LVU i ett familjehem. Att tvångsvårda ett barn är mycket ingripande, men vad innebär egentligen ett sådant omhändertagande? Vad kan barnets familj göra och vad har socialnämnden för skyldigheter för att möjliggöra ett upphörande av vården? Ställs barnkonventionen mot EKMR i någon del av processen och vad innebäEach year, the social service forcibly places thousands of children for care within LVU in a foster home. To forcibly place a child for care is a very intrusive measure, but what does this placement really mean? What can the child’s family do and what obligations do the social service have for the care to cease? Is the convention on the rights of the child put against ECHR at any moment and what d
Rättskraftens omfattning i tvistemål har diskuterats löpande i doktrin sedan långt tillbaka. Klart står det att huvudregeln är att en ny talan inte får väckas om samma sak som redan prövats. Denna regel är dock behäftad med ett antal undantag, däribland principen om factum superveniens. Ett factum superveniens är en omständighet som inte kunnat beaktas i den första processen, som förutsatt att denThe scope of res judicata in civil cases has been the subject of discussion for quite some time. The general rule is that new action cannot be brought regarding something that has already been adjudicated. However, this rule is subject to exceptions, one of them being the principle of factum superveniens. A factum superveniens is a circumstance that could not have been considered in the first cour
Denna uppsats syftar främst till att utreda hur svensk straffrätt betraktar situationen där en person verbalt förmår annan att begå självmord och om någon skulle kunna bli ansvarig för annans självmord. Det mer övergripande syftet är att undersöka lagstiftarens ambitioner kring vad som bör kriminaliseras och varför självmord knappt behandlas i rättskälleläran och inom rättsväsendet. Självmord ellThe purpose of this essay is primarily to examine how the Swedish criminal law considers the situation where a person persuades another to kill oneself. Furthermore, the essay aims more generally to investigate the legislator ́s ambition about what actions that should be criminalized and why suicide barely is treated in the judicial. Today, suicide or attempted suicide does not constitute a crime
Idag finns det krav om trafikförsäkring för motorfordon i Sverige, för att garantera skälig ersättning till de drabbade. Försäkringsbolagen har dock en rätt att föra regresstalan mot den som vållade olycksfallet. Ifall olyckan orsakas av ett felfungerande fordon så kan regresstalan riktas mot fordonets tillverkare med stöd av PAL. Självkörande fordon kan dock komplicera tillämpningen av PAL på tvIn Sweden today, there is a mandatory vehicle insurance, to ensure fair compensation to the injured parties. However, the insurance companies have a right to recourse against the faulty party. If the accident was caused by a faulty vehicle, a claim can be made against the vehicle manufacturer, as stated in the product liability act. Autonomous vehicles can, however, complicate the use of the prod
