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BACKGROUND: Although death in old age is unavoidable, premature death-defined here as death before age 70 years-is not. To assess whether halving premature mortality by 2050 is feasible, we examined the large variation in premature death rates before age 70 years and trends over the past 50 years (1970-2019), covering ten world regions and the 30 most-populous nations. This analysis was undertaken
Abstract - Instructional Course Structure • Chair: Jenny Carroll. • Speakers: Lisbeth Nilsson, Kirsty Taylor and Iwona Orlowska. Objectives • To share the process and outcomes of establishing an early mobility playgroup for children aged 6 months - 3 years who have complex neuro-disability. • To explore how the ‘Driving to Learn’ approach and the ALP-tool (Assessment of Learning Powered mobility
Background: Asphalt workers are exposed to polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from hot mix asphalt via both inhalation and dermal absorption. The use of crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt may result in higher exposure to PAHs and more adverse effects. Our aim is to assess occupational exposure to PAHs from conventional and CRM asphalt paving by measuring PAH metabolites in urine, and to investigate
BACKGROUND: A new generation of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) was recently introduced using silicon (Si) photomultiplier (PM)-based technology. Our aim was to compare the image quality and diagnostic performance of a SiPM-based PET-CT (Discovery MI; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a time-of-flight PET-CT scanner with a conventional PM detector (Gemini TF; P
The number of heating and cooling system using vertical borehole heat exchangers is increasingly rapidly in Sweden. Currently, there are over 600,000 installations, mostly using U-tube ground collectors. In recent years, several new ground collectors with innovative designs and configurations have been launched. They claim to have superior performance and competitive advantages over the convention
Importance: Breast cancer screening guidelines acknowledge the need for earlier screening for women at increased risk but provide limited guidance for women with a family history of breast cancer. A risk-adapted starting age of screening for relatives of patients with breast cancer may help supplement current screening guidelines. Objective: To identify the risk-adapted starting age of breast canc
During World War II, Nils Hylander worked on his monumental theses about the wood lawn neophytes [German: Grassameneinkömmlinge] of Swedish parks. Most probably, the original aim was to date and locate the sources of the imported seed that had obviously been widely used in the 1800’s for establishing lawns in parks of the English style, but due to restrictions to work and travel during the war, H
Background: The duration of protection provided by varicella vaccines is unclear. We assessed the 10-year vaccine efficacy of two doses of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV), one live attenuated varicella vaccine (V) dose given after one measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) dose (MMR + V), versus two MMR doses (control vaccine) for the prevention of confirmed varicella. Metho
Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), both the time needed for patients to gain symptom improvement with long-acting bronchodilator therapy and whether an early response is predictive of a sustained response is unknown. This study aimed to investigate how quickly meaningful symptom responses are seen in patients with COPD with bronchodilator therapy and whether these respons
This thesis aims at describing the developmental patterns of text production in four text types: spoken and written narrative texts, and spoken and written expository texts (n=316), produced by four age groups: 10-year-olds, 13-year-olds, 17-year-olds and university students (n=79). It explores material from an experimental study with a cross-sectional design comprising spoken texts recorded on vi
Background Oral contraceptives were introduced almost 50 years ago, and over 100 million women currently use them. Oral contraceptives can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but the eventual public-health effects of this reduction will depend on how long the protection lasts after use ceases. We aimed to assess these effects. Methods Individual data for 23 257 women with ovarian cancer (cases) a
Reconstructions of palaeomagnetic secular variation (PSV) in sediment cores can be compared to well-dated regional PSV master curves to infer deposition age. The existing PSV master curve for Fennoscandia, "Fennostack" (Snowball et al., 2007), is limited to the past 10 ka. In this study, we construct a deglacial (for the interval 14-11 ka) PSV master curve for Fennoscandia by including data from a
Transforming growth factor-§ (TGF-§) is a potent, multifunctional growth factor affecting virtually all cell types, regulating critical physiological processes like immune response, wound healing, angiogenesis, and tumor development. A large number of studies in vitro have also implicated a critical role of TGF-§ in regulating hematopoiesis by inhibiting proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (
Popular Abstract in Swedish Deponeringsavgifterna för slam utgör en betydande och stadigt stigande andel av driftkostnaderna för de kommunala reningsverken runtom i landet, inom EU och i resten av världen. Kostnaderna uppstår i samband med att slammet komposteras, körs till deponi eller till förbränning. Dessutom har det under de gångna årtiondena skett en drastisk omvärdering av reningsverksslam The reduction of sludge volumes for disposal is a topic of high interest for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) all over the world. Steadily increasing volumes for disposal create an economic, environmental, legislative and technological challenge. Researchers and process developers try to minimise the sludge during its genesis or in the downstream treatment. Due to rising costs and scarcity of fo
Popular Abstract in Swedish Uppskattningsvis 30 % av befolkningen i industrialiserade länder drabbas varje år av förgiftningar och infektioner överförda via livsmedel och frekvensen i utvecklingsländer tros vara högre. För att kunna producera säker mat behövs mer kunskap om vilka egenskaper hos livsmedelsburna patogener, dvs. sjukdomsframkallande mikroorganismer som gör oss sjuka. Dessa egenskaperThe development of new, minimally processed food products challenges traditional concepts of food safety. How pathogenic bacteria behave in these new matrices is not known. To fill this knowledge gap and enable the production of food that is safe for the consumer, more information on virulence expression of pathogens in food matrices is required. In this thesis, the impact of environmental factors
Popular Abstract in Swedish Universitet och högskolor har i kölvattnet av ett framväxande kunskapssamhället hamnat under kraftig institutionell press från en förändrad nationell forskningspolitik, de forskningsfinansierande aktörernas förändrade strategier och en snabb och omvälvande vetenskaplig dynamik. Avhandlingen handlar om hur Lunds universitet har reagerat på och hanterat dessa förändringspIn the wake of an emerging knowledge society, universities around the world have come under severe institutional pressure from changing national research policies, financing organizations´ new strategies and turbulent research dynamics. This study examines how Lund University in Sweden manages these institutional pressures. The study explores how the university leadership ? rector and the governin
Many economic models contain the single variable 'money'. Money does not exist in the form of a single physical unit and it is common to construct monetary aggregates using the method of simple summations. Monetary aggregation theory lends little or no support to the method of simply summing various monetary asset components up to arbitrary levels of aggregation. In monetary aggregation theory, mo
The dust detector system on board the Galileo spacecraft recorded dust impacts in circumjovian space during the craft's orbital mission about Jupiter. This is the eighth in a series of papers dedicated to presenting Galileo and Ulysses dust data. We present data from the Galileo dust instrument for the period January 1997-December 1999 when the spacecraft completed 21 revolutions about Jupiter. In
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) mainly affects renal arteries. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) and surgery are effective treatments, but longtime follow-up is lacking. Retrospective follow-up for 7.0 +/- 4.7 years of 69 consecutive patients ( age 44 +/- 13 years) treated for hypertension due to FMD, 59 patients underwent PTRA and eight patients surgery. In two patients no PTRA was
BACKGROUND: The Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer has brought together the worldwide epidemiological evidence on the possible relation between breast cancer and previous spontaneous and induced abortions. METHODS: Data on individual women from 53 studies undertaken in 16 countries with liberal abortion laws were checked and analysed centrally. Relative risks of breast cancer
