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In this work, we present a novel method for non-invasive identification of liquids, for instance to allow for the detection of liquid explosives at airports or border controls. The approach is based on a nuclear magnetic resonance technique with an inhomogeneous magnetic field, forming estimates of the liquid's spin-spin relaxation time, T2, and diffusion constant, D, thereby allowing for a unique
We propose a simple, general and computationally efficient algorithm for maximum likelihood estima- tion (MLE) of parameters in diffusion and jump-diffusion processes. This is conducted within a Monte Carlo EM-algorithm, where the smoothing distribution is computed using resampling. The results are encouraging as we can approximate the MLE well for the models studied when using simulated data. We
The purpose of this licentiate thesis is to investigate the following hypothesis in a case study: "Occupants of buildings with a quality labeled indoor environment experience a better indoor environment than occupants of buildings with normal planning and construction." The aim of the case study is to compare the outcome of using a quality system for indoor environment with a normal quality system
In addition to the basic regulatory functions, a batch control system must support production planning and scheduling, recipe management, resource allocation, batch report generation, unit supervision and exception handling. A closed-loop framework is presented in this work that integrates decision support tools required at the different levels of a decision-making hierarchical batch control syste
Grid technologies are still evolving, with standards yet to be defined and reliable production-level solutions yet to be found. Nevertheless, Grid already stepped out of the cradle and slowly but steadily finds its way to the world of the modern information technologies. Early testers and adopters of this innovative technology are researchers in various fields of science, primarily those that trad
Hydrogen embrittlement is often a catastrophic phenomenon of machine elements failure under cyclic stresses. This hydrogen is generated as a result of tribo-chemical and mechanical actions on the working surfaces. This hydrogen can have three different zones or stages of behaviour under tribo-mechanical actions. Firstly, it can strongly adsorb on the mating surfaces at a shallow subsurface zone an
We have investigated terahertz (THz) emission due to dynamical electron transport in wide miniband GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As superlattices. By noting that the time-domain THz emission spectroscopy contains the information on the step response of the electron system to the bias electric field, the obtained THz spectra were compared with the high-frequency conductivities predicted for miniband transport. Ex
We present and discuss the Cs 3d X-ray absorption spectra and resonant photoelectron emission spectra of CsF. The resonant photoelectron spectra excited at the Cs 3d absorption maxima, exhibit a strong resonance behavior. The different behaviour of participator and spectator channels and interference effects of the 4d partial photoionisation cross-section at the 3d resonances are discussed. The ex
The advent of Java and similar languages on the real-time system scene necessitates the development of efficient strategies for scheduling the work of a garbage collector in a non-intrusive way. We propose a scheduling strategy, time-triggered garbage collection, based on assigning the collector a deadline for when it must complete its current cycle. We show that a time-triggered CC with fixed dea
The valence band resonant photoemission spectra of a TiO2 sub-monolayer grown on an Al2O3 substrate have been measured throughout the Ti 3p absorption edge, i.e. at photon energies between 40 and 60 eV. The resonance process has been analysed in terms of constant initial state (CIS) curves, showing a peak at 49.5 eV photon energy, corresponding to a Fano-like resonant process. The Ti 3d contributi
We consider the problem of stochastic control under power constraints. Problems such as linear quadratic optimal control with information constraints are instances of the problem considered. The calculations of the optimal control law can be done off-line as in the classical linear quadratic Gaussian control theory using dynamic programming, which turns out to be a special case of the new theory d
A strategy for control of the glucose feed rate in cultivationsof E.coli is discussed. By making probing pulses in the feed rate it is possible to detect and avoid a characteristic saturation linked to undesirable by-product formation. A simplification of a previous algorithm is presented and analyzed.
Clock nets are the major source of power consumption in large, high-performance ASICs and a design bottleneck when it comes to tolerable clock skew. A way to obviate the global clock net is to partition the design into large synchronous blocks each having its own clock. Data with other blocks is exchanged asynchronously using handshake signals. Adopting such a strategy requires a methodology that
