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Det finns ett antal faktorer som krävs för att en ekonomi ska kretsa fritt utan störningar eller stagnation. Några av dessa faktorer är förstås på nationalekonomisk basis, andra är juridiska. Många av de juridiska åtgärder som vidtas på lagstiftningsnivå är i syfte att främja handel, utan att en part ska stå en för stor ekonomisk risk i händelse av motpartens oförmåga eller ovilja att betala sin sAn economy is dependent on numerous different factors to function without interference and stagnation. Many of those aspects are solely financial in nature, and some are legal. Many of the legislative measures taken to benefit the national economy fill the purpose of creating an incentive for trade, without the risk of suffering a great loss because of the counterpart’s inability or lack of will t

The recent market turmoil, caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, has negatively influenced the financial markets all over the world. Therefore, the search for safe haven assets by investors is of great importance. In this area of research, gold has for a long time been considered to be the traditional safe haven asset. However, recent literature states that Bitcoin is the new gold. Whether this is the

In the Nordic countries, an increasing part of the population consists of migrants from various backgrounds. Naturally, it is important to investigate what can be done in order for these migrants to integrate successfully. Previous research shows that some of the fundamentals of integration are trust and the sense of collective identity. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the compon

In my, your or our way: An ethnological study of the unpaid domestic labour. This study in ethnology explores and analyses experiences and perceptions of the unpaid domestic labour among people that are part of a cohabiting relationship for the first time, which simultaneously compose the overall aim. The study is based on empirical material collected through observations, interviews and self-ass

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om marknadsrisken för de fyra svenska storbankerna har minskat i och med ökad kapitaltäckning. Finansiell teori implicerar att höjd kapitaltäckning bör resultera i minskad risk i aktiepriset. Marknadsrisken analyseras genom att undersöka historisk volatilitet, betavärde och Credit Default Swap spread (CDS-spread) för respektive banks marknadsnoterade aktie.The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the market risk for the four largest banks in Sweden has decreased with increased capital requirements. Financial theory dictates that increased capital requirements decrease risk in the stock price. The market risk was investigated by analysing historical volatility, betas and credit default swap spread (CDS-Spread) for each bank’s publicly traded

Kiselalger, vattenlevande, mikroskopiska organismer med kiselskal, används som bioindikatorer för vattenkvalitet eftersom de är artrika och påverkas av sin omgivning. Processen kallas Kiselalgsmetoden och utförs genom en standard, en standard jag valde att analysera. Proven tas från stenar i vattendrag och sedan görs ett preparat som är fixerat på objektglas som kan undersökas i mikroskop genom aDiatoms, water living, microscopic organisms with silicon shells, are used as bioindicators of water quality because they are diverse and influenced by their surroundings. The process is called The Diatom Method and is accomplished through a standard, a standard I have chosen to analyze. The samples are taken from stones in water streams and then a preparation is made to fix the algae on slides t

This thesis investigates whether the stock market in the Baltic countries exhibit herd behavior during the period 2006-2014. A quantitative approach is used to see if investors show group oriented mentality in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and in the Baltics as whole. This is further complemented with a qualitative approach. The quantitative part is based on a market wide approach. The models pr

En fastighetsaffär är för många privatpersoner den överlägset största affären de gör i hela livet. Varje år säljs och köps småhus för över 124 miljarder. En undersökning från Länsförsäkringar visar att en tredjedel av alla köpare oroar sig för förekomsten av ”dolda fel” i den köpta fastigheten. Mot bakgrund av den oron är det inte så konstigt att konsumentrådgivningar och liknande organisationer fA real estate transaction is for many individuals by far the largest transaction they make throughout life. Each year, sold and bought houses makes up for a value of more than 124 billion SEK. A survey, by the insurance company Länsförsäkringar, shows that one third of all buyers are concerned about the existence of "latent defects" in the purchased property. Given the turmoil, it is not

Disturbances such as wildfires are key players involved in the shape, structure and function of the ecosystems. Fire is rarely included in Dynamic global vegetation models due to their difficulty in implementing its processes and impacts associated. Therefore, it is essential to understand the variables and processes involved in fire, and to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses before going forwa

IT ses ofta som en del av lösningen för att uppnå ett hållbart samhälle genom till exempel minskat resande, optimering av industri- och jordbruksprocesser, intelligenta elmätare och smarta hem. Något man sällan reflekterar över är att ITbranschen själv också bidrar till elanvändningen. Ett nytt fenomen inom IT-världen är molnet som ger möjlighet till som det verkar outtömliga resurser i form av laInformation and communication technology (ICT) is often seen as part of the solution for a sustainable society, for example through reduced travel, optimization of industrial and agricultural processes, smart meters and smart homes. However, something usually left unconsidered is the electricity consumption of ICT itself. A new phenomenon of the ICT industry is the Cloud that enables seemingly ine

Detta arbete behandlar och utreder begreppet provocerad uppsägning och dess användning i svensk rätt. Arbetet har begränsats till att endast avhandla den svenska rätten eftersom det inte finns EU-rättsliga bestämmelser som motsvarar det som finns i den svenska anställningsskyddslagen. Eftersom det endast finns mycket begränsad doktrin på området så har begreppet utretts med hjälp av rättsfallstudiThis work discusses and investigates the concept provoked dismissal and its use in Swedish law. The essay has been limited to only discuss the Swedish law since there are no EU rules corresponding to those found in the Swedish Employment Protection Act. Since there is only very limited doctrine on the subject, the concept has been investigated using case studies. The legal cases are taken from the

Stater sluter skatteavtal för att undanröja dubbelbeskattning. Det är emellertid ett välkänt problem att skattebetalare nyttjar skatteavtalen för att undgå att betala skatt. Sedan år 2003 innehåller kommentaren till OECD:s modellavtal omfattande direktiv för hur staterna ska förhålla sig när någon missbrukar ett skatteavtal. En viktig fråga är om en stat kan neka en skattebetalare avtalets förmåneThe main purpose of tax treaties is to prevent double taxation. However, it is a well-known problem that taxpayers use tax treaties in order to avoid taxation. The commentary on the OECD Model Tax Convention addresses the issue on how states should deal with abuse of tax treaties. A key question is whether or not a state has to grant the benefits of the treaty in these situations. According to the

Title: Information sharing for improved collaborative planning – A case study in the food supply chain from manufacturer to retail stores Authors: Gunilla Hansson and Maria Hansson, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University Supervisors: Maria Fagrenius, Customer Service & Development Sweden/Ahold Customer Supply Manager, Kraft Foods Sverige AB Fredrik Nilsson, Department of Design Sciences

Executive summary Problems During the last decades the society has undergone a major change. Only some years ago organizations’ most important assets were of financial character. Some years ago the conception intellectual capital were presented in order to further explain the difference between market value and book value. This difference is a major concern for many organizations, and to solve thi

Compulsory licensing is used to prevent the owner of an intellectual property right from refusing to exploit that right in a country or from being the sole provider of a product by forcing him to permit competition from other producers', subject only to their payment of a reasonable royalty or licence fee. When a compulsory license is used to remedy an abuse of competition law, issues of confl

During the Salvadoran armed conflict (1980-1992) hundreds of children became separated from their families. The majority of the children were abducted by the armed forces of the government and still to this day the fate and whereabouts of most children are unknown. These children are the ''disappeared children of El Salvador''. In 1994, families of the disappeared children formed a

Under de senaste åren har det i den internationella litteraturen och debatten uppmärksammats att det blivit allt vanligare att externa finansiärer helt eller delvis finansierar en parts processföring. Denna framställning undersöker om och i så fall på vilket sätt de svenska kostnadsbestämmelserna vid skiljeför-farande reglerar frågan om tredje mans finansiering av parts processföring. Den rättsdogIn recent years, international literature and debate has brought attention to the fact that it has become increasingly common for third-party funders to partially or fully finance a party’s arbitration and litigation costs. This essay examines if, and in what manner, Swedish arbitration cost regulations gov-ern the issue of third-party financing of a party to the arbitration. The essay uses a trad

Uppsatsens syfte är att med utgångspunkt i NJA 2017 s. 1195 undersöka vilken verkan köparens passivitet får beträffande rätten att åberopa fel, när säljaren har handlat grovt vårdslöst eller i strid mot tro och heder. I NJA 2017 s. 1195 formulerade Högsta domstolen en på allmänna principer, och då främst på principer om lojalitetsöverväganden, grundad passivitetsregel. Den föreskriver att om säljaThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effect of the buyer’s non-performance, in terms of the right to claim defects, when the seller has acted with gross negligence or in violation of faith and honour. In NJA 2017 s. 1195 the Supreme Court formulated a non-performance-rule based on general principles, especially on principles of loyalty. It prescribes that if the seller has acted with g