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In 2021, neutron structures of oxidised and reduced human manganese superoxide dismutase were published, suggesting several unexpected features, including deprotonated glutamate, tyrosine and histidine residues and a reduced Mn ion with two hydroxide ligands. We have used quantum refinement to evaluate whether alternative interpretations of the structures are possible, comparing many structural mo
Managing energy in urban areas is complex due to the diversity of energy users, dynamic environmental conditions, and the increased instability caused by extreme weather events. This work explains the impacts of a new technology based on implanting adaptive reinforcement learning (ARL) into energy management (EM), which is called ARLEM. The technology uses an online, value-based, model-free ARL en
The dissociation of NO is a critical step in its catalytic reduction to N2, which is key to automotive exhaust treatment. Here, we examine the role of Rh atomic steps in the NO dissociation reaction under 0.05 mbar NO. We use a Rh crystal sample curved around the (111) direction and ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe different Rh surfaces subject to the very same reaction c
More than 70% of climate policies target low-carbon technologies, with hopes that policy support will trigger tipping points and self-reinforcing growth. In practice, however, trajectories of policy-driven technologies remain difficult to explain and anticipate because their growth is nonlinear and often constrained by backlash, policy reversals and systemic barriers. In this Perspective, we devel
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste åren har den rättsliga prövningen av våldtäkt och andra sexuella övergrepp utsatts för häftig kritik. Det hävdas att offret behandlats kränkande och att allt för stor vikt läggs vid hennes beteende. I denna avhandling analyseras lagstiftarens avvägningar i samband med de straffrättsliga definitionerna, samt domstolarnas prövningar i dessa mål. Gällande The criminal justice system in modern western democracies is built on the rights of the one who is being accused of a crime, the subject of criminal responsibility, in relation to the repressive power held by the state. The entire system rests upon rules and principles, aiming at ensuring the rule of law as far as this subject is concerned. The subject is presumed to be autonomous and is set befor
In logistics, transport purchasers are increasingly facing environmental challenges. The role of logistics managers is important because their decisions as to how and where resources are used can potentially have major impacts on the environment. The challenge for logistics managers is to determine how to incorporate environmental management principles into their daily decision-making processes. 1
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen studerar tillväxtfaktorernas reglering av uPA-systemet i endometriet, och betydelsen av uPA-receptorns (uPAR) aktivering i den endometriella angiogenesen. Tillväxtfaktorer är polypeptider, vilka fungerar som signalmolekyler i cellernas kommunikation. Tillväxtfaktorerna frisätts från sina ursprungsceller och binder sig till specifika receptorer på ytan av ceThe purpose of this thesis was to examine the role of growth factors and the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system in human endometrial angiogenesis. Growth factors as well as progesterone increased expression of the main inhibitor of uPA (PAI-1) in primary cultures of endometrial stromal cells. EGF, TGF-beta1 and bFGF increased gene transcription whereas progesterone increased mRNA stabili
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has recently been forwarded as a critical regulator of inflammatory conditions, and it has been hypothesized that MIF may have a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hence, we examined effects of MIF immunoneutralization on the development of allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation as well as on lipopol
Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Hyaluronan (hyaluronsyra) är en högmolekylär polysackarid som förekommer i all biologisk vävnad i olika koncentrationer, med särskilt höga nivåer i bindväv. Den kan bildas av de flesta celltyper. På molekylär nivå föreligger den i form av ett nystan, har förmågan att binda stora mängder vatten, och har en uttalad pseudoplasticitet. HyaHyaluronan has been found in the eye in varying amounts and at different sites. It is involved in physiological and pathological processes, though many aspects of its bio-logi-cal functions are still unclear. We have studied the role of iris tissue in hyal-uro-nan production in the anterior segment of the eye, and its changes after trauma. After peripheral iridectomy or argon laser treatment, the
The impact of European Union law on the regional and local levels in the Member States has been underestimated for a long time now. Today, however, it is clear that the impact of European Union law on these levels is important, not least as a consequence of the deregulation that has been carried out in most Member States in recent years. As local markets open up for competition, the scope of EU la
Sammanfattning-The use of hierarchical structures for providing excellent wireless connections for customers has attained growing attention. Models to investigate the QoS requirements rather quickly become complicated and hard to analyze. In the paper a first rough analytical approach for the answer is given. As the users devote more and more time to be connected through wireless connections, and
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen undersöker vissa allmänna och särskilda problem beträffande straffsystemens roll, funktioner och struktur. Efter en inledande presentation av de ideologiska och metodologiska frågorna diskuteras hur olika folkrättsliga och nationalrättsliga jurisdiktionsprinciper kan rättfärdigas. Rekvisiten i en brottsdefinition analyseras sedan, med tyngdpunkten på det teThis book presents a study on general and specific problems concerning the role, functions and structure of criminal justice systems. After a presentation of some ideological and methodological issues, the justifications for different principles of criminal jurisdiction are discussed, both in the perspective of public international law and municipal law. The constituent elements of criminal offenc
Prion protein (PrP) is an endogenous protein involved in the pathogenesis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Murine PrP has been reported to bind C1q and activate the classical pathway of complement in a copper-dependent manner. Here we show that various conformational isoforms (native, amyloid fibrils, and beta-oligomers) of recombinant human PrP (90-231 and 121-23
The Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS), a self-rating questionnaire, was designed to measure symptoms and the effect of treatment in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The aim of this descriptive correlational study was to conduct further psychometric validation after the VAS-IBS had been used in clinical practice, translate it into English, and compare the
Outcome questionnaires are increasingly being established as a validated mode of acquiring unbiased information on the results after health interventions. Using an assortment of questionnaires, distributed by mail to 27 372 and to a subgroup of 3 600 patients on file in the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty register (SKAR), relevant questionnaires were found to represent a feasable means of acquiring info
PURPOSE: To study the toxicology of rifabutin in the rabbit eye with emphasis on retinal function and histopathology.METHODS: Seven rabbits received a daily dose of rifabutin during 15 months. Six rabbits receiving only the vehicle were used as controls. Repeated standardized full-field electroretinograms (ERG) were assessed. After discontinuing treatment, the rabbits were killed and the cornea, t
This study is one of the first that investigated youth’s response to unwanted Internet experiences, not only for those youth who were bothered or distressed but for all youth who reported the experience. Three types of response were examined: telling someone about the incident and ending the unwanted situation by active or passive coping. Responses to the following unwanted Internet experiences we
