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We investigate a cooperative communications scheme with N parallel relays, where both the transmissions from the source to the relays and from the relays to the destination use fountain codes. Receiver for codes can accumulate mutual information, while traditional energy collection methods, such as repetition or cooperative space-time codes, only accumulate energy. As a consequence, using fountain
Cystatin C (CstC) is a potent cysteine-proteinase inhibitor. The structure of the mouse CstC-encoding gene (Cst3) was examined by sequencing a 6.1-kb genomic DNA containing the entire gene, as well as 0.9 kb of 5′ flanking and 1.7 kb of its 3′ flanking region. The sequence revealed that the overall organization of the gene is very similar to those of the genes encoding human CstC and other type-2
Islet cell autoantibodies are strongly associated with the development of type 1 diabetes. The appearance of autoantibodies to one or several of the autoantigens—GAD65, IA-2, or insulin—signals an autoimmune pathogenesis of ß-cell killing. A ß-cell attack may be best reflected by the emergence of autoantibodies dependent on the genotype risk factors, isotype, and subtype of the autoantibodies as w
Previous studies of bone marrow-derived stem cell transdifferentiation into neurons have not involved purified cell populations and determined their exact phenotype prior to differentiation. The present study investigates whether highly purified mouse adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), characterized by lineage marker depletion and expression of the cell surface markers Sca1 and c-Kit (Lin(-)Sc
Objectives The aim was to survey the rate and cause of cancellations of planned cardiac operations at a Swedish clinic during 1999, and to study how the patients were affected. Design Questionnaires were distributed to 74 patients who had their operations cancelled. Their mood after discharge was measured with The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Ninety-three patients, who were operated on w
This report presents the addition of camber to a previously published semi-empirical tire model by the same authors. The model combines empirical models for pure braking, cornering and cambering to a model for simultaneous braking, cornering and cambering. It is based on brush-model tire mechanics and aims to offer an easy-to-use accurate model for vehicle handling-simulations. The proposed model
The effects of self-consistency in the GW-approximation are studied. The $GWA$ is known to describe the electronic properties of a wide range of materials very well. However, the calculations made so far have not taken into account the issue of self-consistency, which is implied in the original formulation of the $GWA$. The role of self-consistency is investigated by calculating the electronic sel
The amount of household refuse has steadily increased in Sweden and this is consistent with the trend in the rest of the European Union. Strategies for household waste reduction includes sorting, recycling, re-use and repair. Two categories of motivational factors determine disposal behaviour, external and internal. The external factors include administrative, economic, information and physical me
A new Reynolds stress transport model (RSTM) aimed for engineering applications is proposed with consideration of near-wall turbulence. This model employs the SSG pressure strain term, the ω equation, and the SST model for the shear stresses at the near-wall region (say y+ less than or equal 30). The models are selected based on the following merits: The SSG RSTM model performs well in
This paper is a study of women in Belfast in two working-class ethno-national communities: Falls (Catholic/Nationalist/Republican) and Shankill (Protestant/Unionist/Loyalist). Theories of gendered nationalism and transversalism are used to analyze the material from a qualitative interview study. The study focuses on intersections of gender and nation: women’s identity as biological, cultural and n
In Statoil, understanding and managing risk is today considered a core value. This principle has been duly integrated in the organization, and is inscribed in steering documents as well as in a booklet handed out to all employees, describing core values, corporate governance, the operating model and corporate policies. The company has developed a sophisticated approach to ERM that centers on the p
Engineering design problems are most frequently charac-terized by constraints that make them hard to solve and time-consuming. When evolutionary algorithms are used to solve these problems, constraints are often handled with the generic weighted sum method or with techniques specific to the prob-lem at hand. Most commonly, all constraints are evaluated at each generation, and it is also necessary
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ämnet hållfasthetslära behandlar metoder och principer för att kunna bestämma deformationer och spänningar i en fast kropp som utsätts för belastning. Avhandlingen behandlar skademekanik, vilket rör hur skador (porer, håligheter, mikrosprickor och dylikt) påverkar materialets egenskaper och hur skadorna påverkas av belastning. Vidare förutsätter skademekaniken att materPlasticity induced damage evolution is considered using a thermodynamical approach. Different postulates on how to include the effects of damage in the constitutive equations have been studied. The results reveal that a mapping, similar to that of the stress, of both the kinematic and isotropic hardening variables is to be preferred. The undesired property that, irrespectively of the postulate emp
The primary route to hydrogen production from fossil fuels involves the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, and an improvement in the efficiency of WGS catalysts could therefore lead to a major leap forward in the realization of hydrogen economy. On the basis of a combination of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calcula
Exoplanets have been observed at many stages of their host star's life, including the main-sequence (MS), subgiant and red giant branch stages. Also, polluted white dwarfs (WDs) likely represent dynamically active systems at late times. Here, we perform three-body simulations which include realistic post-MS stellar mass-loss and span the entire lifetime of exosystems with two massive planets, from
Despite the importance of canon law in the life of the Eastern Orthodox Churches, there has not been a study of the ecclesiology of the canons regulating marriage. Marriage is an object of right regulated both by civil law and the canon law of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Marriage as an object of right is at the intersection of two legal orders - the ecclesial and the civil. The canonical regulati
In this paper we investigate the impact of a decrease in trade costs on firm decisions to export. The main contribution of this paper is to evaluate empirically the theoretical predictions of several models of multi-product exporters. The focus is on the firm export entry decision and the within firm adjustment regarding product scope and intensity. For identification, a quasi-natural experiment,
