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This thesis examines how autonomous buses are interpreted and evaluated as a potential mobility solution within a multi-level planning context involving both municipal and regional perspectives. While autonomous vehicles are often framed as a key component of future sustainable transport systems, their implementation depends not only on technological development but also on social acceptance, inst
The formation of our Galaxy has long been a rewarding area of research within astronomy. A large part of analysis includes using kinematics to separate the different structures in the Milky Way and also to discover accreted stars. While it is highly useful to understand the motions of populations there are systematic errors that follow, due to the difficulties of getting high quality data for them
The purpose in this thesis is to construct a customized plan of action regarding how to improve the organizational culture for innovations. Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Gas Turbine R&D experiences a successful past and present. They operate in a mature industry and have ascertained a need for improvement with innovations. Companies, likely SIT AB, that have practiced a successful past and
This master thesis has been made on behalf of Sony Ericsson in co-operation with Machine Design at Lund Institute of Technology. The background is a need within Sony Ericsson to test moulded plastic parts before they are assembled together to a phone. There are today various specified tests that are made on every single phone before it is launched, but they are all made on complete assembled phone
Background: The current mass proliferation of information and communication technology (“ICT”) has created the ability to communicate with customers and manage energy production in unprecedented ways. With the arrival of “smart” energy meters and wireless communication, a new level of customer interaction is possible. In this scenario, a “smart grid” is created in which multiple energy meters are
I 24 kap. BrB återfinns olika ansvarsfrihetsbestämmelser som medför att en annars brottslig handling går fri från straffrättsligt ansvar. I vissa fall kan ansvarsfrihet även meddelas utan uttryckligt lagstöd. I doktrin och praxis har ansvarsfrihet utan lagstöd inte sällan diskuterats vid olika samtyckeshandlingar, då samtycket, en lagreglerad ansvarsfrihetsbestämmelse i 24 kap. BrB, inte ensamt anIn the Swedish penal code (Brottsbalken) lawful defences to criminal acts are set out in chapter twenty-four. Even though an act is formally considered a crime, these defences exclude criminal responsibility. Several of the defences have been created in case law and some of them are still applied without formal support of the penal code. The purpose of this paper is to explore, examine and analyse
UNCITRAL:s Modellag har bidragit till en ökad användning av skiljeförfarande som tvistelösningsmetod vid internationella kommersiella tvister. Genom att allt fler länder antar Modellagen bidrar den till en ökad harmonisering av nationella lagstiftningar på området. Modellagen bygger på New York-konventionen och syftar till att genom en harmonisering öka användandet av skiljeförfarande som tvistelöThe UNCITRAL Model Law has contributed to an improvement of the use of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism in international commercial disputes. By its increasing popularity amongst jurisdictions worldwide, the Model Law contributes to an enhancement of the harmonisation of national legislation. The Model Law is based on the New York Convention and aims, as the New York Convention, to co
Abstract Previous research on tobacco and Arabidopsis cell suspensions have shown that plants can be permeabilized by the membrane-active peptide, alamethicin. However, pretreatment of cells with cellulase produced by the fungus Trichoderma viride induced resistance to alamethicin. In this project, I investigated the effect of alamethicin treatment on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and whether a
Denna uppsats behandlar några av de frågetecken som uppkommer vid tillämpningen av artikel 102 i Fördraget om Europeiska unionens funktionssätt i förhållande till evergreening av läkemedelspatent. Begreppet evergreening syftar till ett flertal olika patentstrategier som har för avsikt att förlänga den privilegierade position som en patenthavare åtnjuter när hans eller hennes produkt skyddas av ensThis thesis identifies some of the uncertainties surrounding the application of Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) to evergreening of pharmaceutical patens. The concept of ever¬greening refers to a multitude of strategies adopted by patent holders with the aim to extend the privileged position that the patentee holds due to this exclusive right. Evergreening
1996 infördes miljöersättning för skötsel av landskapselement som ligger i eller i anslutning till åkermark i Sverige. Landskapselement i jordbrukslandskapet såsom öppna diken, stenmurar, åkerrenar och åkerholmar är viktiga småbiotoper för många djur- och växtarter. Idag (2013) kan miljöersättning för kultur- och naturmiljöer i odlingslandskapet (även kallat kulturmiljöstöd) sökas av lantbrukare sIn 1996, an agri-environmental support scheme was introduced in Sweden to compensate farmers for the maintenance of landscape elements located in or adjacent to cropland. Landscape elements in the agricultural landscape, for example ditches, stone walls, field margins and field islets, are important small biotopes for many animal and plant species. Today, farmers who remove bushes and trees (with
As concentrations of measured CO2 in the atmosphere reach a record high it is important to attempt all possible efforts to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) in all aspects of industry. The fishing sector contributes 15% of total GHG emission in Iceland, with the majority originating from fishing vessels using fossil fuel. The relationship between catching locations of Atlantic Mackere
Genom EU-domstolens banbrytande avgörande i UsedSoft 2012 bekräftades att konsumtion av spridningsrätten kan ske till digitala kopior av datorprogram, förutsatt att kraven för en ”första försäljning” enligt artikel 4.2 dator-programdirektivet uppfylls. Domen innebar slutpunkten för den vedertagna uppfattningen att spridning av digitala verk ska klassificeras som tjänster, för vilka konsumtionsprinIn 2012, the CJEU confirmed in the landmark UsedSoft case, that the right of distribution right in regards to digital copies of computer program can be exhausted, provided that the requirements for a “first sale” according to Article 4.2 of the Software Directive is met. The ruling put an end to a previous ion that the distribution of digital copies of copyrighted works is considered as a service
Aggressionsbrottet har en tämligen lång sedvanerättslig historia i folkrätten, men det var inte förrän år 2010 som brottet definierades för den Internationella brottmålsdomstolens ändamål. Mellanstatlig användning av våld har varit, och är fortfarande, ett mycket politiskt laddat spörsmål, vilket har påverkat världssamfundets benägenhet till att införa individuell straffbarhet för de ansvariga. DThe crime of aggression has a long history in customary international law, but it was not until 2010 that the offense was defined for the purposes of the ICC. Interstate use of force has been, and it still is, a highly political issue, which has affected the international community's willingness to establish individual criminal liability for those responsible. The definition of the crime of ag
Exit taxes represent an expression of state’s sovereignty by taxing value increases of assets, hidden reserves and any untaxed income that arose on its territory. These taxes are triggered before the state of emigration loses its power of taxation as a result of the transfer to the jurisdiction of another state when an individual or company changes residency. The purpose of exit taxes is to protec
Uganda has experienced extreme weather for example droughts and flooding for many years resulting from rainfall deficits and variability. With the increased manifestation of negative effects related to climate change and global warming, this challenge is becoming greater and greater. And with increased public awareness about disasters and disaster risks, communities are ceasing to portray droughts
Learning partnerships are becoming increasingly common for municipalities to fulfill their roles as important actors in adaptive governance regimes for sustainability. However, there is little theoretical guidance for municipalities, endangering the effectiveness of partnerships. The Ball-Bearing Framework used in this thesis is one of the first attempts to understand inter-municipal partnerships,
Currently the production cost of lignocellulosic ethanol is considered to be relatively high. Large fractions of the production cost come from the raw material and the energy consumed in the distillation. Therefore it is desirable to have a process that yields high concentration of ethanol and maximizes the utilization of the biomass. Wheat straw is a promising raw material for lignocellulosic eth
Digitala Självbetjäningslösningar – Den utmanande tjänsten En studie av bankers övergång till digitala självbetjäningslösningar Josefine Andreasson Charlotte Mikander 2014-09-11 Handledare: Kandidatuppsats Catharina Norén 2014 Abstract Why: Bachelor thesis, Service Management, Lunds University, Campus Helsingborg, Spring 2014 Authors: Josefine Andreasson & Charlotte Mikander Title: Di
