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This thesis examines the Multifunctional Land Redistribution Fund, launched in March 2020 by the Danish Ministry of Environment and Food, and the outcomes this policy may propel. The Fund takes aim at multiple issues of sustainability related to land use: biodiversity loss, groundwater contamination, nutrient leaching, and rural development. The Fund is to serve as a pilot project for large-scale
Although a large volume of work has been conducted regarding tourism industries across the world, the dominant analysis in the geographies of tourism tends to draw upon post-modern discourse analysis and representational theories. This has resulted in calls to develop more materialist analyses of tourism landscapes. Using the case study of Long Bay, a small coastal settlement in Portland parish, J
En av grundvalarna, på vilken den Europeiska unionen vilar, är att företag har rätt att etablera sig fritt över gränserna inom EU. Denna fördragsreglerade utgångspunkt innebär inte bara att direkta hinder mot etableringsfriheten i regel ska undvikas utan även att nationella regler, som indirekt får till följd att etableringsfriheten inskränks, måste viktas mot de överordnade EU-reglerna. I en seri
Arbetsmarknaden är under snabb och ständig förändring. Faktorer såsom globalisering, digitalisering, teknisk utveckling, ökade utbildningsnivåer och att jobben blivit mer kunskapsintensiva gör att nya kvalifikationskrav ständigt uppkommer. Att arbetstagare sägs upp på grund av att de saknar tillräckliga kvalifikationer blir allt mer vanligt. Samtidigt förespråkar politiker ändringar av turordningsThe labour market is undergoing rapid and constant change. Factors such as globalization, digitalisation, technological development, increased educational levels and the fact that jobs have become more knowledge intensive mean that new qualification requirements are constantly emerging. The dismissal of workers due to lack of sufficient qualifications is becoming more common. At the same time, pol
The shelf life of milk is amongst others dependent on the size of the oil droplets. These droplets can be measured using the laser diffraction (LD) technique. LD is a popular technique to measure particle size distributions (PSD) that has an outstanding broad measuring range capability, is easy-to-use and has a high reproducibility. While this technique is extremely popular, there are some conditi
I Sverige finns det idag möjlighet för skattskyldiga att göra skatteavdrag för resor till och från arbetet med den verkliga resekostnaden. I Norge får man göra ett färdmedelsneutralt skatteavdrag baserat på sträckan mellan hemmet och arbetsplatsen. I Frankrike får alla skattskyldiga ett schabloniserat avdrag om 10 % av inkomsten som är tänkt att täcka samtliga utgifter för att förvärva och bibehålIn present day Sweden, taxpayers can make a tax deduction for actual commuting expenses. In Norway the tax deduction for commuting expenses is based purely on distance and therefore independent on mode of transportation. In France every taxpayer receives a standard deduction of 10 % of their salary. In the United Kingdom, no deduction is allowed for commuting expenses. In 2019, the Swedish governm
Provokationers strafflindrande effekt har länge setts som självklar i såväl det svenska som andra länders rättssystem. 1989 infördes en bestämmelse i Brottsbalken som uttryckligen bekräftade att provokationer, eller ordagrant enligt bestämmelsen ”uppenbart kränkande beteende”, skulle ses som en förmildrande omständighet vid bedömningen av ett brotts straffvärde. I förarbetet till bestämmelsen utveThe mitigating effect of provocation has for a long time been considered a given part of the Swedish as well as other judicial systems. In 1989, a new regulation was introduced in the Swedish Penal Code, explicitly confirming the mitigating power of provocation, or, as directly translated from the regulation, “obviously abusive behaviour”, in the assessment of the penal value of a crime. The clues
Huvudsyftet med uppsatsen är att titta närmare på hur underinstanserna tillämpar 7 § i lagen (2014: 307) om påföljder för penningtvättsbrott. 7 § ger uttryck för kriminaliseringen av näringspenningtvätt. Den som i näringsverksamhet, eller i ett led i en verksamhet som bedrivs vanemässigt eller i annars i större omfattning, medverkar till en åtgärd som skäligen kan antas vara för att dölja pengar sThe main purpose of this essay is to take a closer look at how the lower Swedish courts apply article 7 of the Act (2014:307) on penalties for money laundering offences. In accordance with article 7, a person who through a business activity that is conducted habitually, or in a greater extent, participates in a measure that can reasonably be assumed to be conducted for the purpose of concealing mo
I mervärdesskatterätten har det uppmärksammats problem i form av förekomsten av bedrägerier. Inom EU uppskattades ett bortfall från momsintäkter med 140 miljarder Euro år 2018, varav bedrägerier var en bidragande orsak. Uppsatsen behandlar mervärdesskattebedrägerier och kommer fram till att dessa kan göras på mer eller mindre sofistikerade sätt. Det största fokuset ligger på karusellhandel, vilkaIn the system of value added tax the issue of tax fraud and evasion has been observed. Within the European Union it was estimated that the difference between VAT revenue and the VAT total tax liability was 140 billion Euro in the year 2018, of which tax fraud and evasion was a contributing factor. This essay examines VAT fraud and concludes that these fraudulent behaviours can be executed in more
Nedmonteringen av rättsstatsprincipen i vissa av EU:s medlemsstater, vilket skett genom omfattande domstolsreformer som inkräktar på rättsväsendets oavhängighet, har resulterat i en ’Rule of Law’-kris som påverkar det unionsrättsliga samarbetet inom flera dimensioner. Respekt för rättsstaten är ett grundläggande krav vid anslutning till unionen enligt artikel 49 FEU och ett fundamentalt värde för The rule of law backsliding in some EU Member States through deficiencies in the judiciary has led to a crisis impacting several dimensions of the European cooperation. Respect for the rule of law is a fundamental value for the Union and thus a pre-condition for accession to the Union according to Article 49 TEU. Pursuant to Article 2 TEU the rule of law is a common value between the Member States
I ett flertal rättsfall som Högsta domstolen meddelat under det senaste decenniet, hänvisar domstolen till utländsk nordisk rätt. Motiverat av uppfattningen att utpekandet av rättskällor är centralt för upprätthållandet av formell rättvisa, undersöks i uppsatsen om nordisk rätt räknas som en rättskälla med utgångspunkt i Högsta domstolens användning av den. När man ser att Högsta domstolen har aIn a number of judgments handed down by the Supreme Court of Sweden over the past decade, the Court refers to foreign law from the Nordic countries. Motivated by the view that the designation of sources of law is central to the maintenance of formal justice, the thesis examines whether foreign Nordic law constitutes a source of Swedish law based on the Supreme Court's use of it. When one sees
Digitaliseringen i samhället breder ut sig i allt större omfattning. Utvecklingen öppnar upp för en mängd möjligheter men kommer även med en hel del utmaningar. Processer som tidigare varit beroende av manuella förfarande kan nu hanteras helt automatiskt. Detta gäller exempelvis möjligheten att fatta automatiserade beslut inom den offentliga förvaltningen. AI möjliggör för mer komplicerade uppgiftDigitalization in our society is rapidly extending into new areas. The development opens up for many possibilities but also brings a number of challenges. Processes that were earlier dependent on manual procedures can now be managed automatically. This can for example be carried out through automated decision-making within the public administration. For more complicated tasks AI can extend the pos
In September 2019, streets across the world filled with millions of children and youth demanding climate action, demonstrating the growing concern young people feel about their futures (Taylor, Watts, & Bartlett, 2019). However, protests are only one of the methods youths use to show their dissatisfaction with current climate change policies. Youth are also utilizing education, entrepreneurshi
Innovation strategies are crucial for corporate success and should be a top priority for packaging companies. However, to improve the innovativeness of packaging manufacturers, there is a need to increase the integration of product and packaging development and collaboration within the supply chain. New methods for innovative packaging development are needed. Packaging plays a valuable role in the
Four different thermal manikins (male and female shapes)in three different laboratories (UK, Sweden, and China) were used to determine the clothing thermal insulation values of 52 non-Western, mainly indoor clothing ensembles in order to expand the existing clothing database for use with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy (ASHRAE 2013a), ISO Standard
Purpose: To assess and correlate the levels of inflammatory mediators in the eyes from non-diabetic and diabetic subjects without retinopathy (NDR), with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to corresponding erum levels. Methods: The levels of interleukin 1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were analysed by an EL
Context. Transmission spectroscopy is one of the most powerful techniques used to characterize transiting exoplanets, since it allows for the abundance of the atomic and molecular species in the planetary atmosphere to be measured. However, stellar lines may bias the determination of such abundances if their center-To-limb variations (CLVs) are not properly accounted for. Aims. This paper aims to
Aims: Infections are proposed risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children. We examined whether a diagnosis of infectious disease also confers an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Materials and methods: We used data from a population-based Swedish case-control study with incident cases of LADA (n = 597) and matched controls (n = 2386). The history of infectious disease
This thesis project was to develop a module for a forest precision seeder. The project is made at BCC AB. BCC is a worldwide supplier of forest seed centre and containerized nursery equipment. BCC develops, designs, produces and sales machines for forest seed handling. BCC s existing precision seeder can not handle seed that are tinier than 1 mm in diameter. With a growing market in countries with
