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Popular Abstract in Swedish Akut mellanöreinflammation (akut otitis media, AOM) är en av barnaålderns vanligaste sjukdomare och en av dem som oftast föranleder antibiotikabehandling. De flesta barn får bara någon enstaka AOM, men cirka 5% av dem som insjuknar drabbas sedan av upprepade infektioner (s.k. otit-benägna barn) och blir till ett problem både för patienten, dennes familj och samhället. DAcute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common childhood diseases and the most common causes of antibiotic treatment in small children. Most children will experience one or two episodes of AOM during preschool age but some will suffer from repeated attacks, they will become otitis-prone. Complications with severe, sometimes fatal infections such as acute mastoiditis and meningitis are nowadays

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling behandlar den process där man beräknar undervattensströmmar från ljud som reflekteras från en utsänd ljudpuls, precis som när en fladdermus bedömer omgivningen genom att lyssna på ekot. En ton skickas ut under en kort tid, och det Dopplerskift som uppkommer från rörliga föremål i vattnet kan sedan omsättas till vattenhastiget eller ström. Föremål som röThis thesis deals with the process of estimating underwater current from the backscattering signal transmitted from an ultrasonic transducer. The narrowband sinusoidal burst signal is Doppler-shifted due to the current, and this information is converted into current. The traditional mathematical model for this Doppler process is based on the assumption that the backscattering time signal is Gaussi

Recent investigations of the DNA interactions with cationic surfactants and catanionic Mixtures are reviewed. Several techniques have been used such as fluorescence microscopy, dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and Monte Carlo simulations. The conformational behaviour of large DNA molecules in the presence of cationic surfactant was followed by fluorescence microscopy and also by dyna

The comparative study of planetary systems is a unique source of new scientific insight: following the six “key science questions” of the “Planetary Exploration, Horizon 2061” long-term foresight exercise, it can reveal to us the diversity of their objects (Question 1) and of their architectures (Question 2), help us better understand their origins (Question 3) and how they work (Question 4), find

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer in young adults has been implicated with a worse outcome. Analyses of genomic traits associated with age have been heterogenous, likely because of an incomplete accounting for underlying molecular subtypes. We aimed to resolve whether triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in younger versus older patients represent similar or different molecular diseases in the context of g

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous blood disease which is characterized by different mutations and chromosomal rearrangements. Nearly 60% of genetic alterations have been found in AML patients involve in signaling pathways including signaling of tyrosine kinase receptor FLT3. FLT3 mutations emerged as one of the most common mutations in AML which represent around 35% of all AML

The capacitive biosensor technology can be utilized for the analytical detection of a variety of different compounds. By employing the electrical double-layer principle, it is possible to detect very low concentrations of the target analyte due the methods inherent high sensitivity. This affinity-based capacitive biosensor is a powerful tool also for the analytical detection of low molecular weigh

The Complement system is a main effector mechanism of the innate immune system, acting to enhance clearance of pathogens, but also aids removal of biological debris from the body, including immunocomplexes, apoptotic/necrotic cells and protein aggregates. Complement regulators serve to prevent excessive inflammation and their interaction with the same materials targeted by the complement system re

This report summarizes a survey performed in eight countries on the status quo of daylight and electric lighting control systems. Feedback from more than 100 international experts (building / facility managers and planers) was evaluated. The aim of the survey was to identify the perception of the different possibilities of the current lighting control solutions and the expectations about the contr

Organisms are continually challenged by multiple threats in the environment, and such threats are seldom constant in either time or space. Therefore, organisms must maintain physiological, behavioural, morphological and life- history adaptations across environments to prevent reductions in fitness. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly variable environments, and so organisms inhabiting lakes and

Komplexiteten hos a-synukleinopatier, som inkluderar multipel systematrofi (MSA) och Parkinsons sjukdom (PS), är inte helt klarlagd. Det är känt att patologisk ansamling av a-synuclein (a-syn) till fiberlika proteinaggregat är ett cellulärt kännetecken för dessa sjukdomar. a-Syn-positiva aggregat förekommer i nervceller i PS och Lewy body demens (LBD) och i oligodendrocyter i MSA. Mycket forskningThe complexity of a-synucleinopathies, which include multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), is not entirely understood. It is known that pathological accumulation of a-synuclein (a-syn) into proteinaceous aggregates is a cellular hallmark of these diseases. a-Syn positive aggregates appear in neurons in PD and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and in oligodendrocytes in MSA. M

Yield levels and the factors determining crop yields is an important strand of research on rainfed family farms. This is particularly true for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which reports some of the lowest crop yields. This also holds for Ghana, where actual yields of maize, the most important staple crop, are currently about only a third of achievable yields. Developing a comprehensive understanding

Fysisk aktivitet är en hälsofrämjande livsstilsfaktor som minskar risken för flera kroniska sjukdomar såsom hjärt-kärlsjukdomar, diabetes typ 2, depression och vissa typer av cancer. En av cancerformerna där risken minskas är bröstcancer som är den vanligaste cancern hos kvinnor, i Sverige insjuknar ungefär 7 500 kvinnor per år. Bröstcancer kan delas in i olika subgrupper som till viss del styr be

The research area of climate field reconstructions has developed strongly during the past 20 years, motivated by the need to understand the complex dynamics of the earth system in a changing climate. Climate field reconstructions aim to build a consistent gridded climate reconstruction of different variables, often from a range of climate proxies, using either statistical tools or a climate model

This thesis examines the volatility in the equity and short-term interest-rate markets, and the spillover from the short term interest rate market to the equity market. It consists of three papers and focuses on adapting and proposing models for the estimation and forecasting of financial market volatility. Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction to the parametric and nonparametric volatility models,

Popular Abstract in Swedish Datorgrafik handlar om att övertyga betraktaren. En huvuduppgift är att generera verklighetstrogna bilder utifrån tredimensionella modeller. Med hjälp av datorer simuleras hur dessa modeller interagerar med ljus. Betraktaren skall helst inte reflektera över om bilden han ser är ett fotografi eller en helt och hållet genererad bild. I denna avhandling presenteras algoritModern graphics hardware pipelines create photorealistic images with high geometric complexity in real time. The quality is constantly improving and advanced techniques from feature film visual effects, such as high dynamic range images and support for higher-order surface primitives, have recently been adopted. Visual effect techniques have large computational costs and significant memory bandwid

Load problems in electricity markets occur both on the supply and demand side and can have technical, economic and even political causes. Commonly, such problems have been solved by expanding production and/or distribution capacity, importing electricity or by load management. Load management is a techno-economic measure for harmonizing the relations between supply and demand sides, optimizing pow

Aerosol particles have always been present in the atmosphere, arising from natural sources. But it was not until recently when emissions from anthropogenic (man made) sources began to dominate, that atmospheric aerosols came into focus and the aerosol science in the environmental perspective started to grow. These sources emit or produce particles with different elemental and chemical compositions