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The present work provides a new perspective on super adiabatic combustion (SAC) of fuel/air mixtures involving methane, ethane, propane, butane, heptane, iso-octane, 1-hexene, toluene, ammonia, and hydrogen. The simulations cover the temperature range of 1200–2000 K, initial pressures of 1–50 atm, and equivalence ratios of 0.5–2.0. The detailed chemical kinetic mechanism C3MechV3.5 has been used f
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen handlar om lärares tankar om kompetensutveckling med utgångspunkt i intervjuer med olika lärare vid tre tillfällen under 1990-talet. Lärare utvecklar i lärarutbildning allmänna lärarkunskaper, ämneskunskaper och ämnesdidaktiska kunskaper under 3,5 - 5,5 år, beroende på elevernas åldrar och lärarens ämneskombinationer. I yrkesverksamheten deltar lärare i ettThe development in society and school activities that have taken place during the past twenty years, form the background to the problem in this thesis. Liberal democratisation in the society as a whole and the global explosion of knowledge have made it necessary for teachers continuously to develop new knowledge. The over all aim of the thesis concerned the development of knowledge of variations
Abstract in Uncoded languages Praegune kaitsejalatsite testimise standard (EN 344) kontrollib soojapidavuslikke omadusi vaid jalatsi ühes punktis, mõõtes temperatuuri muutust. Meetod, mis kasutab termilist jala mudelit, võimaldab mõõta jalatsi soojaisolatsiooni üheaegselt erinevates piirkondades ning ühtlasi ka jalatsi kui terviku soojaisolatsiooni. Selle uurimuse käigus arendati termilise jala mePresent standard on safety footwear (EN 344) checks the insulation only at one point in the shoes by means of measuring the temperature change. A method that uses thermal foot model allows to measure footwear insulation simultaneously at various locations and for whole footwear as well. In the present work the method of heated foot model was developed further. It is possible to simulate sweating a
Antigenic variation of surface proteins allows microorganisms to evade the immune system of the infected host. This phenomenon represents an apparent paradox, because the variable protein must retain an important function, while its antigenic properties vary extensively. The surface associated M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, a common human pathogen, exhibits antigenic variation due to an N-te
The development of biological reactors for the treatment of toxic and recalcitrant organic pollutants is a complex task. Firstly, microbial inoculation, acclimation and selection must be optimized to provide the best microflora possible. Secondly, innovative technologies must be developed to overcome the intrinsic low degradation rates of hardly-degradable pollutants in order to allow short treatm
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka det strukturella underlaget för förslagen att makrofager och gaserna kvävemonooxid (NO) och kolmonoxid (CO), som bildas av kvävemonooxidsyntaser (NOS) respektive hemeoxygenaser (HO), är viktiga för att en perifer nerv ska regenerera. Det finns stöd för dessa hypoteser eftersom andra har visat att förhållanden som stör den invThe purpose of this study was to investigate the suggestions that macrophages, and the systems generating nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), i.e. nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and heme oxygenases (HO), could be important for peripheral nerve regeneration. Immunocytochemistry was used to visualise invading and resident macrophages, inducible NOS (iNOS), two isoforms of HO (HO-1 and HO-2),
Popular Abstract in Swedish Fåglars flygförmåga I alla tider har vi fascinerats av fåglars förmåga att flyga, och många försök att förstå och efterlikna dem har gjorts. Kanske den förste som på allvar intresserade sig för mekanismerna bakom fåglars flykt var Leonardo da Vinci som runt år 1500 funderade på hur fåglar alstrar lyftkraft. Leonardo skissade också på 100-tals maskiner som var tänkta atI share my fascination of bird flight with many others, and here I summarise my thesis on the subject. This thesis emphasises the mechanics of bird flight by focusing on flight mechanics, wake dynamics and flight performance. Gliding flight performance of a jackdaw was measured in a wind tunnel and I conclude that the current model for predicting optimum wingspan as a function of forward gliding
Popular Abstract in Swedish En fråga om liv och hälsa Livstillfredsställelse, personlighet och mortalitet i två äldre populationer Enligt en rapport från FN (2001) kan vi under de kommande 50 åren förvänta oss att andelen äldre över 60 år kommer att fördubblas. Ny och förbättrad teknik, medicinsk kunskap och behandling har utvecklats, vilket innebär att vi i dag överlever i större utsträckning dThe aims of the present thesis were to explore and describe elderly people’s morbidity and experience of symptoms in relation to life satisfaction, personality and mortality. (I, II and III) To learn from the individuals who have high life satisfaction in spite of the fact that they have concurrent medical diagnoses and conditions. (I and III) To reason how positive factors and strengths might hel
Popular Abstract in Swedish Dagligen produceras hos en vuxen människa det helt otroliga antalet av 300 miljarder (300.000.000.000) blodkroppar. De flesta är röda blodkroppar som ansvarar för att transportera syre från lungorna till alla celler i kroppen samt koldioxid i andra riktningen. Vidare finns olika sorters vita blodkroppar som skyddar oss från infektioner samt blodplättar (eller trombocyteHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the daily and life long production of large numbers of mature blood cells through highly regulated self-renewal and multilineage capabilities. Leukemias on the other hand, are characterized by a clonal, dysregulated, lineage skewed proliferation and impaired differentiation as the result of multiple accumulated genetic events. In acute myeloid le
The synthesis of phospholipids with defined fatty acid and polar head composition catalysed by lipases and phospholipases was investigated. Lipases from Rhizopus arrhizus and Candida antarctica were used for the direct acylation of DL-a-glycerophosphate and L-a-glycerophosphatidylcholine, with different fatty acids. Esterification reactions can be carried out in systems with low wate
Popular Abstract in Swedish Studien behandlar den sydsvenske bonadsmålaren Johannes Nilssons måleri. Denne produktive målare levde och verkade i Breareds socken i södra Halland 17571827. En analys av hans bonader visar att han i många stycken frångick sina föregångares traditionella, imiterande framställning och begränsade motivkrets. Den övergripande frågan i avhandlingen är: varför målade JohanThe aim of this dissertation is to find relationships between folk art, an artist's personal life and influential factors originating in the context. Christmas wall hangings by the peasant painter Johannes Nilsson (17571827) are the focus of the study. The fact that he had a special approach to the painting tradition raises two questions: Why did he paint the way he did? How can his hangings be i
We have evaluated capacitive and thermal transducers for recognition of bio- molecular interactions with different analytes. These assays were made in flow analysis systems because of the simplicity such methods provide. A capacitive transducer, based on a surface modified gold electrode, has the ability to monitor affinity based interactions directly, provided that the interactions introduce mea
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning Bengt Lidforss (1868–1913) växte upp i ett konservativt professorshem i Lund. Han var mycket intelligent, och till att börja med var han också en lika skötsam som framgångsrik student. Han tog en omfattande och mycket uppmärksammad filosofie kandidatexamen redan vid 19 års ålder. Karriären borde alltså ha gått spikrakt fram till professuren i botanik, meBengt Lidforss (1868-1913) was professor of botany between 1910 and 1913. But after the turn of the century he also emerged as a charismatic leader within the Swedish working-class movement. He became one of its foremost publicists. In the social democratic newspaper Arbetet in Malmö he wrote about natural sciences but also about political, philosophical and literary issues. As a literary critic
Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer (cancer i bukspottkörteln) drabbar årligen mer än 200 000 personer över hela världen, varav omkring 900 i Sverige. Sjukdomen är starkt associerad till ökad ålder och drabbar följaktligen väldigt sällan personer under 40 år, medan risken att drabbas vid 80 års ålder är 40 gånger förhöjd. På grund av dess mycket aggressiva tillväxt, tidiga metastasering samPancreatic cancer includes multiple histologic subtypes that show large differences in their clinical and biological characteristics. Despite this diversity, more than 85% of the neoplasms in the organ are malignant ductal adenocarcinomas, which are the focus of the present thesis. At the genetic level this tumor type is characterized by highly rearranged karyotypes, resulting in a large number of
This study aims to explore the development in child and adult grammars of a noun-related feature in French, namely gender. In brief, previous research has shown that gender assignment and gender agreement in a language such as French is just as easy for the mono- or bilingual child (Carroll, 1989; Clark, 1985; Müller, 1990, 1994) as it is difficult for the (adult) L2 learner (Bartning, 2000; Carro
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund: Diabetes är en sjukdom som karakteriseras av kroniskt förhöjt blodsocker och som obehandlad kan leda till svåra komplikationer i blodkärl, ögon, njurar, nerver m.m. Sjukdomen beror på kroppens oförmåga att producera (typ 1 diabetes) eller svara på effekt av (typ 2 diabetes) hormonet insulin. Det finns ca 150 miljoner personer med diabetes i världen idag, och sType 2 diabetes is characterised by defects in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and increased endogenous glucose production. The relative contribution of each of these defects remains controversial. In order to characterise the metabolic defects in various stages of glucose tolerance, the insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion was measured in a large population based study in Finland and
The oral contraceptive pill is associated with a modest increase in the risk of early-onset breast cancer in the general population, but it is possible that the risk is higher in certain subgroups of women. The relative risk of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive use has been reported to be higher for African-American women than for white women. African-American women also have a high
This review paper focuses on modelling of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). White-box modelling is widely applied in this field, with learning, design and process optimisation as the main applications. The introduction of the ASM model family by the IWA task group was of great importance, providing researchers and practitioners with a standardised set of basis models. This paper introduces the n
In this prospective study, the 10- and 15-year incidence and course of retinopathy were examined in relation to medical risk indicators from 3.1 +/- 1.9 (mean -/+ SD) years diabetes duration and onwards in 29 adult type 1 diabetic patients treated under routine care. A total of 28 patients were followed for 10 years and 20 patients for 15 years diabetes duration. After 10 years diabetes duration,
Marker-based studies of inbreeding may lead to an enhanced understanding of inbreeding depression in natural populations, which is a major concern in conservation genetics. Correlations between marker heterozygosity and variation in fitness-associated traits—‘heterozygosityfitness correlations’ (HFCs)—are of particular importance and have been widely applied in natural populations. In partially in
