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ATP is released as a cotransmitter together with catecholamines from sympathetic nerves. In the heart ATP has been shown to cause a pronounced positive inotropic effect and may also act in synergy with β-adrenergic agonists to augment cardiomyocyte contractility. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inotropic effects mediated by purinergic P2 receptors using isolated mouse cardiomyo

Background Subjective evaluation of gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound findings (i. e., pattern recognition) by an experienced examiner and preoperative serum levels of CA-125 can both discriminate benign from malignant adnexal ( i. e., ovarian, paraovarian, or tubal) masses. We compared the diagnostic performance of these methods in a large multicenter study. Methods In a prospective multicenter s

Spectroscopic properties as well as excited state dynamics of the carotenoid peridinin in several solvents of different polarities were investigated by time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption techniques. A strong dependence of the peridinin lowest excited states dynamics on solvent polarity was observed after excitation into the strongly allowed S-2 state. Peridinin relaxes to the grou

OBJECTIVE: The reason that only a minority of smokers develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still largely unknown. Glycosylation defects are involved in the pathological mechanisms in cystic fibrosis (CF), where chronic progressive obstructive lung disease dominates the clinical picture. Whether defects of protein glycosylation occur in COPD has not previously been examined. Incr

The neurohypophyseal hormones oxytocin and vasopressin are important in the regulation of uterine contractility. These hormones, as well as prostaglandin F2α, are most forceful myometrial tissue contractors. Vasopressin is probably a causative factor in primary dysmenorrhoea, whereas oxytocin is the major uterine stimulator of labour, both at term and preterm. In a prospective study we investiga

Upregulation of endothelin B (ETB) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT1B) receptors via transcription has been found after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and this is associated with enhanced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK1/2). In the present study, we hypothesized that inhibition of ERK1/2 alters the ETB and 5-H

Magnetotransport properties of GaMnAs single layers and InGaMnAs/ InGaAs superlattice structures were investigated at temperatures from 4 K to 300 K and magnetic fields up to 23 T to study the influence of carriers confinement through different structures. Both single layers and superlattice structures show paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition. In GaMnAs/InGaAs superlattice beside the Cu

Background: The clinical benefit of combining long-acting beta(2)-agonists with inhaled corticosteroids rather than doubling the dose of corticosteroid has been well-documented. However, there are concerns that this might result in a masking of underlying airway inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the addition of the long-acting beta(2)-agonist salmeterol

1 The endocannabinoid anandamide is an emerging potential signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. Anandamide causes vasodilatation, bradycardia and hypotension in animals and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of endotoxic, haemorrhagic and cardiogenic shock, but its vascular effects have not been studied in man. 2 Human forearm blood flow and skin microcirculatory flow were reco

Objective: To evaluate two commonly used forms of hand training with respect to influence on dexterity and cortical reorganization. Subjects: Thirty healthy volunteers (mean age 24.2 years). Methods: The subjects were randomized to 25 min of shaping exercises or general activity training of the non-dominant hand. The dexterity and the cortical motor maps (number of excitable positions) of the abdu

Cooking fumes contain aldehydes, alkanoic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds. The inhalation of cooking fumes entails a risk of deleterious health effects. The aim of this study was to see if the inhalation of cooking fumes alters the expression of inflammatory reactions in the bronchial mucosa and its subsequent systemic inflammatory response in blood biomarkers.

P>Aims To determine health-related quality of life (HRQL) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) before and after surgical treatment. Methods In a prospective study, 35 consecutive diabetic patients with CTS were age and gender matched with 31 non-diabetic patients with idiopathic CTS. At baseline (preoperatively), 6, 12 and 52 weeks after surgical carpal tunnel re

Purpose The XPC gene is involved in DNA damage recognition in the nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER) We investigated the additive effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in bladder-cancer patients and population controls for three XPC polymorphisms A499V (C>T) K939Q (A>C) and poly AT (PAT -/+) Experimental Design 311 bladder-cancer patients from a population-based cohort and 337 po

AIM: The aim of this retrospective study is to illustrate clinical utility and impact of pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnostics of up to date Ventilation/Perfusion SPECT (V/P (SPECT)) applying holistic interpretation criteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During a 2-year period 2328 consecutive patients referred to V/P(SPECT) for clinically suspected PE were examined. Final diagnosis was established by phys

Background and Aims: While the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in childhood is in part genetically conditioned, non-genetic/environmental factors seem to play a decisive role in its aetiology. The incidence of T1D has been increasing rapidly during the last years, and its prevalence is higher in countries of high economical welfare like Sweden. Therefore, both from an aetiological and a publi

We study a generalized Pólya urn model with two types of ball. If the drawn ball is red, it is replaced together with a black ball, but if the drawn ball is black it is replaced and a red ball is thrown out of the urn. When only black balls remain, the roles of the colors are swapped and the process restarts. We prove that the resulting Markov chain is transient but that if we throw out a ball eve

Complementary measures for the assessment of patient thermoregulatory state, such as subjective judgement scales, might be of considerable importance in field rescue scenarios where objective measures such as body core temperature, skin temperature, and oxygen consumption are difficult to obtain. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in healthy subjects, the reliability of the Cold Discomfo

Difference between sexes in parasitism is a common phenomenon among birds, which may be related to differences between males and females in their investment into immune functions or as a consequence of differential exposure to parasites. Because life-history strategies change sex specifically during the annual cycle, immunological responses of the host aiming to reduce the impact of parasites may