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The simulation toolkit Geant4 was originally developed at CERN for high-energy physics. Over the years it has been established as a swiss army knife not only in particle physics but it has seen an accelerated expansion towards nuclear physics and more recently to medical imaging and y- and ion-therapy to mention but a handful of new applications. The validity of Geant4 is vast and large across man

The great chemist Glenn Seaborg has written a delightful little book "Man-made Transuranium Elements", published in 1963, in which he points out that: "The former basic criterion for the discovery of a new element - namely, chemical identification and separation from all previously-known elements - had to be changed in the case of lawrencium (element 103). This also may be true for elements beyond

Introduction: Lymphoedema may cause complex problems that can strongly influence patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of lymphoedema on HRQoL in patients with varying forms of lymphoedema. Methods: The Lymphoedema Quality of Life Inventory (LyQLI), measuring three domains, physical, psychosocial and practical, and the Short

In spite of the success of traditional sampled-data theory in computer control it has some disadvantages particularly for distributed, asynchronous, and multi-rate system. Event based sampling is an alternative which is explored in this paper. A simple example illustrates the differences between periodic and event based sampling. The architecture of a general structure for event based control is p

Associative learning in the cerebellum has previously focused on single movements. In eyeblink conditioning, for instance, a subject learns to blink at the right time in response to a conditional stimulus (CS), such as a tone that is repeatedly followed by an unconditional corneal stimulus (US). During conditioning, the CS and US are transmitted by mossy/parallel fibers and climbing fibers to cere

The article presents results from an investigation made in southern Sweden in 2001. Ten relatives of people whose remains were scattered were interviewed about the circumstances of the scattering. The forms for scattering the ashes varied depending on the locality. In several cases relatives scattered the ashes alone or together, and in some cases funeral directors and a minister did it. Reciting

The article examines four motifs/textual corpora in the Bible which have been referred to by those in favour of slavery: (1) the Exodus motif, (2) the Curse of Noah, (3) the parables of Jesus, and (4) the epistles of Paul. It is argued in the article that Christianity, with its canonized metaphors of slavery actually delayed the abolition of slavery in the 19th century by relativizing and idealizi

Fe 0 fluorescence by PAR has been investigated in eight symbiotic starshaving a wide range in temperature of the hot component and orbitalperiod. The data used are spectra obtained from the IUE archive. Allpumping lines investigated in this work are in the short wavelengthregion of IUE (1200-2000 Å), except for He 0 λ 1084.942 andO 0 λ 1032.041. The resulting Fe 0 fluorescence lines are mainlyin t

An introduction to Linnaeus' short but difficult medical treatise Clavis medicinae duplex (Stockholm 1766), understood as a way solving problems in 18th Censtury medical theory.

The Writer:
Sigrid Combüchen was born in Solingen in the German Ruhr territory 1942. Shortly after the War her family moved to Sweden. She is a Swedish writer and literary critic and has so far published seven novels, a collection of essays and a biography (on the Norwegian novelist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature 1920, Knut Hamsun). She received the 2004 Selma Lagerlöf Prize a

The book contains articles written by advanced students and senior academics on European issues within a large field of perspectives.