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Surrogate motherhood and whether it should be legalized or not, has been a controversial area in Sweden. Swedish law has not any evident legislation prohibiting surrogate motherhood, but existing law can be interpreted as not allowing such arrangements. Due to that, many couples in Sweden are going abroad in order to implement surrogate arrangements. Therefore, some problems have occurred when the

About 20 percent of Sweden's municipal street network is now in urgent need of maintenance. This is assumed to correspond to a cost of about 12 billion Swedish crowns. That the streets are maintained in an effective manner is of great importance both for the users' safety and accessibility. Today, however, numerous municipalities suffer from a maintenance debt incurred because of the lack

Höjningar och sänkningar av den globala havsnivån under pleistocen och holocen har framför allt styrts av glacio-isostatiska och glacio-eustatiska faktorer, direkt kopplade till de cykliska ökningarna respektive minskningarna av Jordens istäcken. Förutom de dominerande glacio-isostatiska och glacio-eustatiska faktorerna har flera andra komponenter påverkat havsnivån, vilket komplicerar de regionalRise and fall of the global sea level during Pleistocene and Holocene are mainly caused by glacio-isostatic and glacio-eustatic factors directly linked to the cyclic increase and decrease of the Earth’s ice sheets. Apart from the dominating glacio-isostatic and glacio-eustatic factors, several other components have influenced the global sea level, which complicates the regional sea level curves of

I svensk rätt finns det ett begränsat ansvar för underlåtenhet att förhindra andra personers brottsliga gärningar. Den 1 juli 2016 infördes ett nytt stycke i Brottsbalken, 23 kap. 6§ 2st. Lagen infördes för att kunna hålla ledare inom kriminella sammanslutningar ansvariga för brott som begås med deras vetskap inom sammanslutningen. Remissinstanserna till lagförslaget uttryckte kritik mot kriminaliIn the Swedish legal system there is limited responsibility for failure to hinder other people´s criminal acts. As of July 1st of 2016 there is a new paragraph in the 6th section of the 23rd chapter of the Swedish Penal Code. It was introduced in order to be able to keep leaders of organized crime responsible for the crimes that are, with them knowing, taking place within the organization. During

Integrering av ekosystemtjänster i miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar Ekosystemtjänster kallas de varor och tjänster som ekosystemen bidrar med till människans välbefinnande. Produktion av grödor och virke, växters förmåga att lagra koldioxid samt ekosystemens förmåga att rena luft och vatten är alla exempel på ekosystemtjänster. Trots att dessa tjänster är ovärderliga för mänskliga samhällen är det s

In this thesis I investigate the notion of imagination in Romantic thought and in the visual art of William Blake with the aim of making a contribution to theological methodology. In early German Romanticism, as well as in the art of William Blake, the concept of imagination plays a central role in the relationship between the Absolute and the perceiving and knowing subject. My thesis takes its st

Hur gör man torktumlare mer energieffektiva? Denna studie undersöker en torktumlare med datorsimuleringar och en teoretisk modell för att se möjligheter till att reducera motstånd i luftflödet.Drying clothes is an essential but energy demanding process in modern society. A common way to dry clothes is tumble drying. Electrolux is one of the world leading manufacturers of household appliances and currently is working on a heat pump tumble dryer product. This master thesis is a study of the aerodynamic properties for the internal air flow for the mentioned heat pump tumble dryer. If press

As one of the world leaders in food packaging, it is in the interest of Tetra Pak⃝R to increase the understanding of packaging material and how it can better be virtually modeled, using finite element (FE) simulations. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate whether a stochastic approach can be taken to generate a more realistic response than a purely deterministic one, in the aforementioned models.

The aim of this study was to examine and understand treatment counselors´ working methods and strategies in relation to empty labor. The study has also focused on examining how the attitude is expressed, partly from colleagues and partly from superiors. With an ethnographic approach, the phenomenon empty labor, i.e., when someone spends time on activities that are not considered as working tasks,

To cooperate in groups and networks to achieve a certain goal is a recognized way of working in organisations. In a world that demands more effective solutions for complex problems, it is valuable to study the effects that networks can cause on organisational management and structure. The aim of this thesis is to examine an organisation’s participation in different networks,to answer the research

The European union has taken steps to remove obstacles for labor mobility and per neoclassical economic theory this should lead to an equalisation of the real wages through an increase in labor mobility. Real wages is an important indicator of welfare and the equalisation process is called convergence by economists. This thesis looks closer at the convergence process in the European Union during 1

This study aims at highlighting and explaining the factors that underpin Sweden's and Finland's various abilities to provide food for their citizens in crisis and war. The study has a security policy perspective but also affects the agricultural policies of the different countries. The study is a comparative, theory-consuming study that examines how the abilities are today and why. Finally

Offentlig upphandling är det förfarande som reglerar den offentliga sektorns inköp av varor, tjänster och byggentreprenader. Vid upphandling av offentlig konst tillämpar myndigheter vanligtvis förhandlat förfarande utan föregående annonsering (direktupphandling) som utgör ett undantagsförfarande till den generella annonseringsplikten. Annonseringsplikten finns till för att samtliga intresserade lePublic procurement is the purchase of works, supplies or services made by contracting authorities. When procuring art a negotiated procedure without prior publication may be used, this procedure constitutes an exception to the obligation of prior publication. The obligation of prior publication exists for all contracting authorities in order for all interested economic operators to be able to appl

The inclusion of car-sharing services into new residential areas has lately been introduced in several places around Sweden. This case study reviews car-sharing in new residential areas in the city of Malmö; in the central area of Fullriggaren and the more peripheral area of Kalkbrottet. The study seeks to explain the importance of local conditions and local policies for the establishment of car-s

Marknadsmissbruksrättslig reglering förbjuder personer att olagligen röja insiderinformation till en eller flera andra personer. Det finns emellertid fall då det är legitimt att röja insiderinformation. Röjande får ske som ett normalt led i fullgörande av tjänst, verksamhet eller åligganden. Om en marknadsaktör lämnar information i samband med en marknadssondering anses det ske som ett normalt leMarket abuse regulation prohibits unlawful disclosure of insider information to one or a multiple of persons. However, there are cases when it is legitimate to disclose insider information. Disclosure can be made in the normal exercise of an employment, a profession or duties. If a market actor discloses information in the course of a market sounding the disclosure shall be deemed to be made in t

Friande domar i mål om sexualbrott mot barn har upprepade gånger kritiserats i samhällsdebatten. Inte minst i förhållande till att gärningsmän inte ansetts ha haft skälig anledning att anta att målsäganden varit underårig, trots så låga åldrar som 11–12 år. Kritiken har varit befogad sett till de problem som tillämpningen av 6 kap. 13 § brottsbalken innan ändringen den 1 juli 2018 omgavs av. EffekAcquittals in cases of child sexual abuse have repeatedly been criticized in the social debate. Not least when it comes to perpetrators not being considered having reason to assume that a child was under age, although the child being as young as 11-12 years old. The critique has been legitimate when regarding the problems before the change of the statutory regulation on July 1st, 2018. The efficie

Som sångerska har jag sjungt en hel del i kör, och på grund av det har jag fått möte flertalet körledare. Dessa körledare har olika kunskaper om rösten, och har lärt mig om rösten på olika sätt. Ibland var det felaktig information som delgavs, ibland var det ordvalen som kunde varit bättre, och ibland hade körledaren full koll. Den kunskap som körledarna förmedlar formar sedan koristerna, och då sAs a singer I have sung a lot in choir, and because of that I have met many choir leaders. These choir leaders had different knowledge of the voice, and different ways to approach vocal technique. Sometimes the information was incorrect, sometimes it was the shortage in words, and sometimes the choir leader had complete control. The way the choir leader gives instructions in vocal technique affect

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mobile financial services on the behavior of young adults on the financial market, particularly how mobile financial services effect the distribution of risk amongst consumers. The risk examined are twofold; how the risk of a financial transaction looks like for both the consumer of the financial instrument and the distributor (Avanza) and how

Denna enkätstudie undersökte 211 svenska socionomstudenters intresse av att arbeta med försörjningsstöd, samt relationen mellan intresset och i) studenternas erfarenheter av arbete med försörjningsstöd, ii) studenternas syn på försörjningsstödssystemet och iii) studenternas syn på arbetssituationen på försörjningsstöd. Resultatet visade att studenterna hade ett begränsat intresse av att arbeta medThis study examined the interest in working with social assistance among 211 Swedish BSW (Bachelor of Social Work) students. It also focused the relationship between the students’ interest and i) their prior work experience in the field, ii) their attitudes towards the Swedish social assistance system and iii) their attitudes towards the work situation within the field of social assistance. This w