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Introduction: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless and odorless gas that is a leading cause of environmental poisoning in the USA with substantial mortality and morbidity. The mechanism of CO poisoning is complex and includes hypoxia, inflammation, and leukocyte sequestration in brain microvessel segments leading to increased reactive oxygen species. Another important pathway is the effects of CO o
Background Bothgenetic and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes, but the extent to which there is a synergistic effect of the 2 factors is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the joint associations of genetic risk and diet quality with incident type 2 diabetes. Methods and findings We analyzed data from 35,759 men and women in the United States participating in the
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises when leukemia-initiating cells, defined by a primary genetic lesion, acquire subsequent molecular changes whose cumulative effects bypass tumor suppression. The changes that underlie AML pathogenesis not only provide insights into the biology of transformation but also reveal novel therapeutic opportunities. However, backtracking these events in transformed huma
The great hopes in Brussels that a circular bioeconomy will help bridge the growing divide between urban and rural areas and allow the hinterlands to prosper from ‘green growth’ are addressed in this article, which reflects on insights from three Nordic case studies of brown, green and blue biomass use at different levels of technology readiness. A closer examination of the forward, backward, fisc
This paper presents the first Lateglacial/Holocene (the last 13 500 cal a bp) ostracod δ18O record to infer hydroclimate variability in the Southern French Alps. Cytherissa lacustris (δ18Osp) shells extracted from the sediments of Lake Allos allowed a reconstruction of δ18Olake water (δ18Olw) except for the interval 5800–2800 cal a bp. The shape of the Younger Dryas (YD) clearly differed from reco
Objective: It has been proposed that endogenous sex hormone levels may present a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. However, the evidence for effects of sex steroids on cognitive ageing is conflicting. We therefore investigated associations between endogenous hormone levels, androgen receptor CAG repeat length, and cognitive domains including visuoconstructional abilities, visual memory
“Vieussens’ ring” or “arterial circle of Vieussens” is a crucial hetero-coronaric pathway, bridging proximal right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending artery (LAD) when a hemodynami-cally stenosis is established in the either of the vessel. In detail such coronary collateral circulation is usually supplied by branches of the conus artery. We present a case of a 62-year-old man who w
Air pollution and exposure to fine airborne particles with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) negatively impacts human health. Airways constitute a primary route of exposure but PM2.5-contaminated food, drinks as well as mucociliary and hepatobiliary clearance all constitute potential entry points into the intestine. This study evaluated intestinal histopathological and inflammatory changes as w
Quantum phases can be classified by topological invariants, which take on discrete values capturing global information about the quantum state1–13. Over the past decades, these invariants have come to play a central role in describing matter, providing the foundation for understanding superfluids5, magnets6,7, the quantum Hall effect3,8, topological insulators9,10, Weyl semimetals11–13 and other p
Genetic background and age at first exposure have been identified as critical variables that contribute to individual vulnerability to drug addiction. Evidence shows that genetic factors may account for 40–70% of the variance in liability to addiction. Alcohol consumption by young people, especially in the form of binge-drinking, is becoming an alarming phenomenon predictive of future problems wit
The Kr 3d correlation satellites have been studied experimentally by using plane polarized synchrotron radiation to record polarization dependent photoelectron spectra (PES), and theoretically by employing the R-matrix method to calculate photoionization cross sections, PES and angular distributions. The experimental spectra have allowed the photoelectron anisotropy parameters characterizing the a
Background: Vasopressin concentration is typically higher at night, during stress, and in males, but readily lowered by water intake. Vasopressin is also a causal candidate for cardiometabolic disease, which shows seasonal variation. Objective: To study whether vasopressin concentration varies by season in a temperate climate. Methods: The vasopressin surrogate marker copeptin was analyzed in fast
Objective. Our aim was to study the importance of baseline BMI, smoking, and alcohol consumption (AC) for disease activity (DA) over 1 year in early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), stratified by sex. Methods. In the SPondyloArthritis Caught Early cohort (patients with chronic back pain onset at age < 45 yrs, with pain for ≥ 3 months and ≤ 2 yrs), the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score
Ventilation ducts can have a negative effect on the sound reduction index between two rooms if they pass through the dividing structure without treatments. The overall sound reduction of a ventilation duct is dependent on several factors including the transmission loss when sound is breaking in and out from the duct. This study aims to model the sound reduction of a combined system with a separati
The composition of the reducing gas in the activation of Co Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts determines the nature of the catalytically active Co species. This study reports on the effect of H2versus syngas (H2/CO = 2) on the reducibility of Co3O4nanoparticles supported on hollow carbon spheres, using ex situ and in situ high-resolution aberration-corrected analytical electron microscopy. High-
The history of Christianity is marked by frequent debates over doctrinal truth. From an early stage, Christian authors began to use the terms "orthodoxy" and "heresy" to deal with diversity of faith. While the orthodox faith was seen as the one that had been preserved from the time of the apostles, heresies were seen as later innovations. This idea was expressed in the Ecclesiastical History by Eu
Aquaporin channels facilitate bidirectional water flow in all cells and tissues. AQP4 is highly expressed in astrocytes. In the CNS, it is enriched in astrocyte endfeet, at synapses, and at the glia limitans, where it mediates water exchange across the blood-spinal cord and blood-brain barriers (BSCB/BBB), and controls cell volume, extracellular space volume, and astrocyte migration. Perivascular
It is a wellknown fact that the books of the Hebrew Bible are, to a great extent, anonymous and that the individuals long identified as their authors (Moses, Isaiah, David, Solomon, and so on) are not the ones who have penned them. How, then, should the few paratexts that do, in fact, relate texts explicitly to named individuals be understood? In this article, I argue that such a question is essen
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive neoplasms with poor outcomes, commonly affecting older patients with comorbidities. This study aims to describe outcomes of older patients with PTCL in a large international cohort. Patients aged $70 years with PTCL diagnosed from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015 in the Swedish Lymphoma Registry (SLR) and California Cancer
Humans are exposed to various metals through many different routes and each person’s genetic background contributes to their susceptibility to metal toxicity. In addition, recent evidence points to a role for the genetics of the human microbiome in metal uptake and toxicity. DNA sequence variation in genes that regulate metal toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics influences metal accumulation and rete
