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The focus of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating Perlin noise, a method that has previously been used to model the tissue distribution of software breast phantoms, when creating a ‘compressible’ software breast phantom used in finite element analysis. Several compressible phantoms were created to represent different stages of aging in a virtual patient when younger, fibrogl

Aluminum (Al), as a carbon-free energy source and energy carrier, features favorable characteristics regarding its production, transportation, utilization, and recyclability. However, the understanding of Al gas-phase combustion kinetics is still limited. The novelty of this work lies in presenting the first detailed and comprehensive analysis of the Al gas-phase mechanism in the air and steam env

We study a class of dynamical multi-commodity flows in transportation networks. These are modeled as dynamical systems describing the evolution of the densities of a number of different commodities across the cells of a transportation network. Each cell is characterized by commodity-specific increasing demand functions returning the maximum outflow of each commodity from the cell as a function of

Time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (TOF-MS) measurements of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([EMIM][OTF]) vapors have been conducted in order to gain insight into the VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) absorption thresholds. The experimental data were interpreted with hybrid density-functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), and several flavours of many-body perturbation theor

Background Previous population-based studies suggest an increased risk of suicide in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but findings have been inconsistent and often limited by residual confounding. We examined the association between incident PD and suicide-related outcomes using extensive confounding control, including both suicidal attempts and suicide.Methods We conducted a nationwide matched cohort stBackground Previous population-based studies suggest an increased risk of suicide in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but findings have been inconsistent and often limited by residual confounding. We examined the association between incident PD and suicide-related outcomes using extensive confounding control, including both suicidal attempts and suicide.Methods We conducted a nationwide matched cohort st

The great tit Parus major is known for its wide range of innovative foraging behaviours, which have enabled adaptation to anthropogenic habitats such as gardens and city parks. Some of the behaviours are general and common whereas others are rare and seem to have been invented and used by single birds. Here we report on a male great tit that specialised in capturing large butterflies that were for

Future wireless communications will rely on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming operating at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands to deliver high data rates. To support flexible spatial processing and meet the demands of latency-critical applications, it is essential to use fully digital mmWave MIMO beamforming, which relies on accurate channel estimation. However, ensuring power

Byggnadssektorns klimatpåverkan behöver minskas genom energieffektivisering men också genom att öka andel av förnybar energi i den energi som används. Värmelagring i byggnader kan vara ett effektivt sätt att flytta byggnadens behov av energianvändning för uppvärmning från tider då energisystemets koldioxidbelastning är hög till tider under ett dygn då det finns betydande tillgång på förnybar energ

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a promising service for the Internet of Things (IoT), providing a cost-effective and sustainable solution to deploy so-called energy-neutral devices on a massive scale. The power received at the device side from a conventional transmit antenna with a physically small aperture decays rapidly with the distance. New opportunities arise from the transition from convent

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quantitative and qualitative cell and tissue properties of human articular cartilage using phase-contrast synchrotron microtomography to determine what biological information can be obtained in comparison to traditional histopathology.DESIGN: Human knee cartilage from 49 deceased donors without known osteoarthritis (ages 18-85 years, 25 females and 24 males) and 4 patients u

The estimation of regression parameters in spatially referenced data plays a crucial role across various scientific domains. A common approach involves employing an additive regression model to capture the relationship between observations and covariates, accounting for spatial variability not explained by the covariates through a Gaussian random field. We study the effect of misspecified covariat

The formation of InSb quantum dots (QDs) embedded in an InAs matrix grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was studied parametrically. In particular, the effect of the sequence of the change of As2 dimers and Sb2 on the distribution of As and Sb at the InSb-QDs/InAs interface was investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was shown that additional As2 above the InSb

Holistic approaches are needed to address environmental issues effectively and sustainably. Scientific insights that consider the interconnectedness of different environmental issues may stimulate innovation and policy responses that can increase Earth system stability. However, for this to occur, scientists need to be aware of different environmental issues beyond climate change and acknowledge t

We study stochastic pairwise interaction network systems whereby a finite population of agents, identified with the nodes of a (directed) graph, update their states in response to both individual mutations and pairwise interactions with their neighbors. The considered class of systems includes the main epidemic models —such as the SIS, SIR, and SIRS models—, certain social dynamics models —such as

Background and purpose: Real-world data on management and outcomes of patients with simultaneously diagnosed synchronous colorectal liver and lung metastases are limited. This national study evaluated referral patterns, treatment strategies, and survival in a population-based cohort. Patient/material and methods: This retrospective cohort study used Swedish national registries to identify patients

Here, we present how small-angle scattering and neutron reflectometry can be combined with computer simulations to characterise the structure and response of soft, compressible microgels, both in dilute condition and in crowded environments. After introducing the concept of softness, we summarise the principles of these scattering methods and describe the numerical synthesis of microgels. Then, we

The construction industry is affected by several ongoing crises, derived from e.g. the climate emergency and geopolitical challenges. Thus, new thinking and novel business models are much needed. The major role of the construction industry in the climate energy and resource depletion calls for sustainable and circular business models specifically. Consequently, this study aims to develop a sustain