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Softwood is of interest as a renewable carbon source for production of lactic acid. Softwood hydrolysate contains a high content of mannose. Lactic acid production from mannose by two modified strains, L-lactic acid producing Pediococcus acidilactici TY112 and D-lactic acid producing ZP26, was investigated in the current work. The two strains efficiently converted mannose to L- and D-lactate isome
Recent outlooks suggest a long-term relevance of internal combustion engines for both power generation and transportation. Nonetheless, stringent pollutant reduction requirements combined with new CO2 mandates draws a challenging scenario, requiring intensive research and development activities to develop and optimize combustion modes to fulfill these requirements. Among the recent advancements, t
In the standard Lambda cold dark matter paradigm, pure dark matter simulations predict dwarf galaxies should inhabit dark matter haloes with a centrally diverging density 'cusp'. This is in conflict with observations that typically favour a constant density 'core'. We investigate this 'cusp-core problem' in 'ultra-faint' dwarf galaxies simulated as part of the 'Engineering Dwarfs at Galaxy formati
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be an early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, other pathologic entities [e.g., cerebrovascular disease, Lewy body disease, LATE (limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy)], or mixed pathologies, with concomitant AD- and non-AD pathology being particularly common, albeit difficult to identify, in living MCI patients. The National In
Most of the work in Referent Grammar so far has focused on syntax, but it is clear that the syntactic rales must rely on some kind of lexical information about the form, meaning and category of the words to be used in the rules. As the lexicon cannot include all possible forms, at least not in such languages as Swedish, Russian and Georgian, some
Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) pose a great threat to human health due to their ability to bypass antigen presentation and activate large amounts of conventional T cells resulting in a cytokine storm potentially leading to toxic shock syndrome. Unconventional T- and NK cells are also activated by SE but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, the authors aimed to explore the unde
The goal of this Special Issue is to discuss new challenges in the simulation and management problems of both traditional and innovative BSSs, to ultimately encourage the competitiveness and attractiveness of BSSs and contribute to the further promotion of sustainable mobility. We have selected thirteen papers for publication in this Special Issue. Their contributions are summarized and discussed
Background In Scandinavia, people with a severe mental disorder have a reduced life expectancy of 15-20 years compared with the general public. Smoking is a major contributor, and smoke-free policies are increasingly adopted in psychiatric clinics around the world. We compared potential facilitators and barriers among staff and management, for the implementation of smoke-free psychiatric clinics.
Introduction and abstract Government and Binding theory (Chomsky 1981, Sells 1985) plays a dominant role in current linguistics and is an almost compulsory part of the linguistics curriculum at universities. The advantage of GB is its rigorous theory, allowing only certain simple trees and transformations, supple-mented by certain simple principles and con
This study investigates how smallholder differentiation can be reconciled with processes of rural development. Conventional theories and policies are primarily based on assumptions of an undifferentiated smallholder sector. Conversely, some agrarian political economy scholars argue that smallholder differentiation may be correlated with dynamic rural development. To contribute to the debate, rural
Introduction: Predicting the bleeding phenotype is crucial for the management of patients with moderate haemophilia. Global coagulation assays evaluate haemostasis more comprehensively than conventional methods. Aim: To explore global coagulation assays and the bleeding phenotype of patients with moderate haemophilia A (MHA) and B (MHB). Methods: The MoHem study is a cross-sectional, multicentre s
Lignin is one of the main components of plant cell walls, which provides mechanical support for plants and also contributes to resisting against plant pathogenic fungi. In the fruit industry, the lignin content can affect the quality of fruit. The biosynthesis of lignin involves a variety of enzymes, of which caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is a class of methyltransferases that plays
We prove quantitative, matrix weighted, endpoint estimates for the matrix weighted Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, Calderon-Zygmund operators, and commutators of CZOs with scalar BMO functions, when the matrix weight is in the class A1 introduced by M. Frazier and S. Roudenko. Even in the scalar case, our estimates are sharper than the results implicit in the literature.
Background: Previous population-based studies on second primary cancers (SPCs) in urothelial cancers have focused on known risk factors in bladder cancer patients without data on other urothelial sites of the renal pelvis or ureter. Aims: To estimate sex-specific risks for any SPCs after urothelial cancers, and in reverse order, for urothelial cancers as SPCs after any cancer. Such two-way analysi
Epidemiological aspects of explosion-related deaths in a civilian setting may bring comprehensive knowledge that isimportant for prevention efforts. This Swedish national study aimed to describe the extent of such deaths, circumstancesand fatal injuries. Data, including all explosion-related deaths in Sweden from 2000 through 2018, were retrieved from theregister of the National Board of Forensic
The paper presents Referent Grammar (RG), a version of generalized phrase structure grammar. RG uses descriptive labels for defective categories (categories tacking a constituent) instead of slash expressions and needs no null (empty, zero) categories. RG uses both functional and categorial representations and the grammar rules, written in the Prolog DCG formalism, relate these two levels. The fun
Relative clauses have traditionally been said to have an antecedent or a correlate corresponding to a coreferent, missing, and relativized constituent in the relative clause (some representative works on relative clauses are mentioned in the list of references). Referent grammar (Sigurd, 1987) assumes referent variables in the syntactic representations of noun phrases and it is natural to assume t
One may indicate the potentials of an MT system by stating what text genres it can process, e.g., weather reports and technical manuals. This approach is practical, but misleading, unless domain knowledge is highly integrated in the system. Another way to indicate which fragments of language the system can process is to state its grammatical potentials, or more formally, which languages the gramma
