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Summary: Codon sequences can influence proteins to misfold during cotranslational folding. Here, we develop an in vivo assay in E. coli to comprehensively study the impact of single synonymous substitutions on protein folding efficiency and apply it to the N-terminal domain of ddlA. By mapping the influence of codons along the sequence, we show that codon identity can substantially influence foldi

The North Atlantic region is a key component of the climate system via large-scale atmosphere and ocean circulation. Climate field reconstructions can provide a long-term context for ongoing climate change and contribute to our understanding of climate dynamics, impact of external forcings, and act as references for model evaluation and baseline for natural variability. There are distinct differen

During the investigations within the Vestfoldbane excavation project, c. 1000 sherds of Neolithic pottery were found at Langangen Vestgård 6, Figure 1 (Reitan 2014a). This pottery is classified as Funnel Beaker type. Both radiocarbon and shoreline dating are in accordance with the typological dating, c. 3900-3600 BC (all dates in this article are in calBC). When the site was in use, it was close t

For multi-vehicle complex traffic scenarios in shared spaces such as intelligent intersections, safe coordination and trajectory planning is challenging due to computational complexity. To meet this challenge, we introduce a computationally efficient method for generating collision-free trajectories along predefined vehicle paths. We reformulate a constrained minimum-time trajectory planning probl

Abstract – Introduction: Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is associated with substantial impairment and high healthcare use, particularly among patients with chronic symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity, and poor response to standard interventions. Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a promising emotion-focused approach, but evidence in treatment-resistant SSD remains limited. Methods

Background – Advancing the development of highly efficacious and long-lasting malaria vaccines is hampered by incomplete knowledge of protective immune mechanisms and an absence of established correlates of immunity. Antibody avidity is frequently evaluated as an indicator of a high-quality or protective antibody response to vaccination. However, the importance of avidity in vaccine-induced immuni

Many Japanese regional cities face population decline, industrial constraints, and limited resources for decarbonization, yet hold untapped potential in the residential and commercial sectors through local energy use. This chapter develops a carbon neutrality (CN) strategy for Tochigi Prefecture and evaluates its feasibility with particular attention to social acceptance. Six scenarios were create

BACKGROUND: Beetles (Coleoptera) display exceptional dietary diversity and occupy a wide range of ecological niches, often involving close associations with plants and microbes. Ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae; Scolytinae and Platypodinae) exemplify ecological specialization by cultivating mutualistic fungi within galleries excavated in their host trees' xylem, with the fungi serving as their main

Accounts given by former prisoners of Nazi concentration camps bear witness to the ubiquity of same-sex sexual activity in the camps, both consensual and non-consensual. They also demonstrate that while some witnesses describe this activity as common, few claim to have experienced it themselves due to homophobia and persistent social stigma. Anna Hájková's 2025 book, People without History Are Dus

Absorption of chemicals through the skin affects occupational and environmental exposure to diverse compounds. We previously showed that loss-of-function (null) mutations and low–copy number variants (CNV) of Filaggrin (FLG), which encodes a key skin barrier protein, increased dermal chemical absorption; however, the FLG genotype did not explain all the observed variation. Here, we explore the eff

The initiation of adaptive immunity requires antigen presentation in immune inductive sites. Classical dendritic cells (cDC) sense peripheral immune response inducing cues and migrate to the tissue-draining lymph nodes upon engagement, where they present acquired antigen to cognate T cells. Vaccines include adjuvants, which enable cDC activation and migration, both essential steps in the cascade l

This article examines why some economies sustain large financial sectors without experiencing the negative effects on economic performance predicted by the finance-threshold literature. It analyzes South Korea and Taiwan during their economic transformations from the 1960s to early 2000s, combining descriptive statistics on financial depth (private credit-to-GDP) and economic shrinking (years of n

Background: Complex endovascular repair has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). The aim of this study was to assess the short- and mid-term outcomes of endovascular TAAA repair in Sweden. Methods: All endovascular TAAA repairs performed during 2018–2023 were identified in the Swedish Vascular (Swedvasc) Registry. Patient characteristics, opera

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by accelerated destruction of peripheral platelets and impaired megakaryopoiesis. While the cellular effectors, dysregulated T cells, hyperactive B cells and phagocytic macrophages are well characterized, the upstream epigenetic mechanisms orchestrating this multicellular immune network remain largely elusive. This review

The Achilles tendon is the most frequently injured tendon in humans. Despite extensive research to understand its healing, there are still no clear rehabilitation guidelines to ensure full recovery and prevent reruptures. This could partly be due to limited understanding of how loading during tendon healing affects the multiscale mechanical response and in particular the nanoscale. We combined syn

Additive manufacturing enables multi-material functionally graded materials (FGMs) with expanded functionality, yet post-machining remains challenging because flow stress varies with composition. This paper presents a data-efficient, physics-guided Gaussian process (GP) model for predicting milling forces in SS316/IN718 FGMs without repeated force-coefficient identification. A physics-based millin

Background: Limonene and linalool are fragrance terpenes that undergo autoxidation to sensitizing hydroperoxides. This study assessed the penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide from patch test preparations in ex vivo human skin samples, alongside analysing the effects of the patch test preparations on the composition of skin lipids, using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass