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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The amino acid glutamate (Glu) is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in human brain and is involved in both synaptic transmission as well as metabolic pathways. Dysfunction of glutamate concentration in the brain has been implicated in neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia and essential tremor. Non-invasive detection of glutamate co
The last decades have seen great improvement in the treatment of children with brain tumours, 5-year survival has increased from 20% in 1950 to 80% in 2020. Current treatment can consist of a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). This improved chance of survival has placed increased focus on the quality of life of the survivors post treatment. RT increases the risk of ne
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging modality that provides morphologi- cal and anatomical information about soft tissues. The development of new MRI methods, such as diffusion MRI (dMRI), has resulted in contrast mechanisms that further characterize the properties of tissue, such as microstructure. The development of a new contrast mechanism is typically associated with the deve
This study examines the experience of being a reconnecting sami, what that journey can look like and how it can be understood through a indigenous feminist, intersectional and decolonial framework. The purpose of the study is to interview people who can relate to this identification and ask them to tell their journey. Material was collected from four kind participants, from different backgrounds a
Editor's Statement for Public Art Dialogue 16:2
Cookbooks and menus have been powerful tools for organizing discourses about the proper meal. The culinary texts were mostly organized around the main source of proteins, often with meat in focus. Headings such as Red meat, White meat, Game, Fish and seafood, etc are examples of an hierarchic structure favouring the consumption of animals. Green dishes, if on the menu, were offered as side dishes
We present FACT, a method for predicting alignment quality (i.e., registration error) of registered lidar point cloud pairs. This is useful e.g. for quality assurance of large, automatically registered 3D models. FACT extracts local features from a registered pair and processes them with a point transformer-based network to predict a misalignment class. We generalize prior work that study binary a
Multiple interdependent properties govern the performance of ion-exchange membranes. Here, we demonstrate a polymer backbone design that allows a constrained local flexibility, suppressing excessive hydration while facilitating high hydroxide conductivity in poly(arylene piperidinium) anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). This structural design builds on a pair of diastereomeric arene monomers with vic
Microalgae, as photosynthetic organisms, are cultivated in photobioreactors for various industrial applications. Light intensity, a critical factor influencing their growth rate, is inherently nonuniform within photobioreactors. In regions distant from the illuminated surface, microalgae experience photolimitation due to insufficient photon availability, hindering optimal activation of the photosy
Modeling the evolution process for the growth of microalgae in an artificial pond is a huge challenge given the complex interaction between hydrodynamics and biological processes occurring across various timescales. In this paper, we consider a raceway, i.e., an oval pond where the water is set in motion by a paddle wheel. Our aim is to investigate theoretically and numerically the impact of botto
We propose to use Neumann–Neumann algorithms for the time parallel solution of unconstrained linear parabolic optimal control problems. We study nine variants, analyze their convergence behavior, and determine the optimal relaxation parameter for each. Our findings indicate that while the most intuitive Neumann–Neumann algorithms act as effective smoothers, there are more efficient Neumann–Neumann
We present new Dirichlet–Neumann and Neumann–Dirichlet algorithms with a time domain decomposition applied to unconstrained parabolic optimal control problems. After a spatial semidiscretization, we use the Lagrange multiplier approach to derive a coupled forward-backward optimality system, which can then be solved using a time domain decomposition. Due to the forward-backward structure of the opt
Dynamic light regimes strongly impact microalgal photosynthesis efficiency. Finding the optimal way to supply light is then a tricky problem, especially when the growth rate is inhibited by overexposition to light and, at the same time, there is a lack of light in the deepest part of the culture. In this paper, we use the Han model to study the theoretical microalgal growth rate by applying period
In this article, we focus on a periodic resource allocation problem applied on a dynamical system which comes from a biological system. More precisely, we consider a system with 𝑁 resources and 𝑁 activities, each activity use the allocated resource to evolve up to a given time 𝑇 > 0 where a control (represented by a given permutation) will be applied on the system to reallocate the resources. T
The potential of industrial applications for microalgae has motivated their recent fast development. Their growth dynamics depends on different factors that must be optimized. Since they get their energy from photosynthesis, light is a key factor that strongly influences their productivity. Light is absorbed and scattered in the liquid medium, and irradiance exponentially decreases towards the dar
Plastic pollution poses urgent environmental, societal, and health challenges, yet governance remains fragmented. The 2022 UNEA resolution 5/14 offers an opportunity for a legally binding treaty, but negotiations are stalled by geopolitical tensions, entrenched industrial interests, and divergent views on the plastic problem. Effective governance is further constrained by knowledge gaps spanning tPlastic pollution poses urgent environmental, societal, and health challenges, yet governance remains fragmented. The 2022 UNEA Resolution 5/14 offers an opportunity for a legally binding treaty, but negotiations are stalled by geopolitical tensions, entrenched industrial interests, and divergent views on the plastic problem. Effective governance is further constrained by knowledge gaps spanning t
Semiconductors use built-in logic to perform test, validation, and other operational activities over the lifetime of the device. These test features, referred to as instruments, become a security risk, as they provide high observability and controllability of the device. The fear is that an adversary could exploit these instruments with malicious intent. We have analyzed and developed security mea
