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Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårärt (Lathyrus vernus) är en skogsväxt som tillhör familjen ärtväxter (Fabaceae). Den förekommer hos oss i södra och mellersta Sverige och har sin nordligaste utbredning vid Höga kusten, där den förekommer i geografiskt isolerade populationer på sydsluttningar med gynnsamt klimat. I övrigt har vårärten sitt utbredningscentrum i centrala och östra Europa. Med denna avhIn the present thesis, I investigated patterns of genetic variation in the forest herb Lathyrus vernus (Fabaceae), using plant material from different-sized populations representing three geographically separated regions: central Europe, southern and central Sweden. My studies included presumably neutral or weakly selected characters (allozymes and leaflet shape) as well as characters that should

Popular Abstract in Swedish Exponeringsskattning för att hindra uppkomst av belastningsskador Skador på muskler som uppkommer av olämpliga arbetsrörelser och arbetsställningar (belastningsskador) utgör ett stort problem i alla industrialiserade länder. Definitionen av vad som innefattas i begreppet arbetsskada varierar mellan olika länder, varför det är svårt att göra jämförelser. Kostnader för arWork-related musculoskeletal disorders of shoulder/neck are a major and increasing problem. Beside the pain, they involve high cost for the employer and society. The total expenditure for the musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper limb have been estimated to 0.5-2.0% of the Gross National Product (GNP) in the Nordic countries. Due to the lack of precise knowledge of exposure/response rela

A complex waveguide to microstrip line transition is proposed for system-on-package (SOP) on low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC). Transition is designed to operate around 60 GHz and is used to feed the 16 elements microstrip antenna array. Transition includes waveguide to stripline transition, stripline to embedded microstrip line transition, and finally embedded microstrip line to microstrip l

Two test series simulating the hazards associated with the accidental release of hydraulic fluid near a source of ignition have been carried out with six hydraulic fluids; mineral oil, organic ester, phosphate ester, water in oil emulsion and two polyglycols in water solution. The flame length, temperature and radiation and the auto-ignition temperature were measured. The correlation between the t

We derive a sequential algorithm for simultaneous calibration and quadratic hedging of options. It can be applied to any model from which we can simulate paths and price options. The quadratic hedging comes at no extra cost! We have calibrated the Bates and NIG-CIR model to S&P 500 index options in order to evaluate various hedging strategies (delta, quadratic), clearly indicating the advantag

The goal of the paper is to present a decomposed approach to optimization of inter-domain routing in IP networks. A problem of maximizing the total amount of traffic carried in an inter-domain network is formulated as a linear programme. Using Lagrangean relaxation the problem is decomposed with respect to individual domains. A resolution method based on subgradient optimization combined with reco

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Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemoglobin, det protein som transporterar syre i blodet är förmodligen det mest välkända proteinet. Det är ett av många exempel på porfyrinproteiner, dvs. proteiner med en porfyrinring i det aktiva centrat. Porfyrinen kan binda en metalljon i mitten av ringen. När en järnjon är bunden kallas strukturen hem. Det är denna molekyl som finns i hemoglobin. I denna avhandlingDifferent aspects of porphyrin proteins have been studied with theoretical methods. For example, we have studied: - The importance of hydrogen bonds for the discrimination between carbon monoxide and molecular oxygen by myoglobin, the oxygen carrier in muscles, modelling the active site both in vacuum and in the protein matrix - The inner-sphere reorganisation energy during electron transfer for

Popular Abstract in English Most people see chemistry as an abstract and complicated subject because it deals with species that can not be seen with bare eyes. But if one think about it, chemistry is everywhere! Chemical processes happen all around you and inside you everyday : there is chemistry in the human body where proteins play a great role, in shampoo bottles, the toothpaste, in the cement A considerable amount of mineral particles are found to have a plate-like shape. The work in this thesis concerns theoretical investigations, using Monte Carlo method, of the properties of such particles in aqueous solutions. The objectives were first to create a model that could capture the essential physics of clay suspensions and also to understand the role of thermodynamics in certain chemical

Goblet cells produce mainly MUC5AC, but also MUC5B and some MUC2 in apparently 'irritated' airways. MUC513 dominates in the submucosal glands although a little MUC5AC and MUC7 are usually present. MUC4 originates from the ciliated cells. After separation into a gel and a sol phase, lysozyme and lactoferrin are enriched in the salivary gel phase suggesting that mucus may act as a matrix for 'protec