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Addressing global water crises demands effective communication across diverse audiences, especially in initiatives such as the scientific decade HELPING by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). This study synthesizes insights from the hydrological community, gathered through interviews, workshops and a digital survey. We identify key challenges and best practices across th
Forests are integral to the global carbon cycle, acting as major carbon sinks, though their capacity can be altered by climate and land use changes. India has a diverse forest ecosystem, but the dynamics and changes in its carbon stocks under a changing climate are not well understood. This study investigates the regional and temporal changes in vegetation carbon biomass (VCB) within Indian forest
Highlights: What are the main findings? A ~32-year aridity cycle is detected across China through Fourier spectrum analysis of 1950–2022 aridity data. An arid–humid climate divide is revealed by entropy-based climate stability indicators. Recent remote sensing data show a nationwide expansion of surface water bodies and localized groundwater recovery. What are the implications of the main findings
Relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) measurements for 14CO2 enable the estimation of fossil fuel (ff) CO2 fluxes in urban areas. This work is based on 252 REA ffCO2 flux measurements conducted on tall towers in the cities of Zurich, Paris, and Munich. The ffCO2 fluxes were compared to net eddy covariance CO2 fluxes to quantify the role of non-fossil (nf) CO2 fluxes. While the measurements in Zurich and
The lack of energy balance closure in Eddy-Covariance (EC) measurements is a well-known, still unresolved challenge in micrometeorology, with energy balance closure (EBC) rates typically ranging between 60% and 80%. While numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain this imbalance, the relative contributions of neglected energy storage terms, data quality and flux processing options remain in
Wind energy is an important form of clean energy, and its rational utilization represents a crucial solution for mitigating the energy crisis and global warming. In this study, wind energy potential and its long-term changes in the South China Sea (SCS) are evaluated using ERA5 100 m wind data from 1944 to 2023, validated against ASCAT observations. High wind speeds and high wind power density (WP
Accurate forest aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation across heterogeneous subtropical regions is essential for carbon accounting and climate change mitigation. We developed XGBoost and random forest models using GEDI L4A Lidar samples and multi-source remote sensing features (Sentinel-1/2, topography) to predict AGB in Xijiang Forest Farm (Guangdong) and transferred them to Simao District (Yunnan)
Monitoring atmospheric CO2 concentration changes across China is crucial for reducing carbon emissions and tackling global warming. Due to monitoring gap in satellite observations, this paper uses the Extremely Randomized Trees (ERT) model alongside OCO-2 satellite data and predictor variables to develop a 0.1° high-resolution monthly dataset of column-averaged dry air CO2 mole fraction (XCO2) in
Above-ground biomass (AGB) is considered an essential climate variable that underpins our knowledge and information about the role of forests in mitigating climate change. The availability of satellite-based AGB and AGB change (ΔAGB) products has increased in recent years. Here we assessed the past decade net ΔAGB derived from four recent global multi-date AGB maps: ESA-CCI maps, WRI-Flux model, J
Boreal forest ecosystems are predicted to experience more frequent summer droughts due to climate change, posing a threat to future forest health and carbon sequestration. Forestry is a regionally dominant land use where the managed secondary forests are typically even-aged forests with low structural and tree species diversity. It is not well known if managed secondary forests and unmanaged prima
The article analyses policy contingencies and welfare conditionalityof school allowances in Swedish upper-secondaryeducation. In contrast to most countries' use of positiveincentives toward school attendance through added cashbenefitsfor targeted students, Sweden employs sanctionson a universal study allowance that in essence constitutesan age-extension of the universal child benefit. We analysere
European forests are among the most extensively studied ecosystems in the world, yet there are still debates about their recent dynamics. We modeled the changes in tree canopy height across Europe from 2001 to 2021 using the multidecadal spectral data from the Landsat archive and calibration data from Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and spaceborne Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar
Climate warming increases carbon assimilation by plant growth and also accelerates permafrost CO2 emissions; however, the overall ecosystem CO2 balance in permafrost regions and its economic impacts remain largely unknown. Here we synthesize in situ measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to assess current and future carbon budgets across the northern permafrost regions using the random forest
To identify factors that regulate the levels of immunoreactive digitalis-like substances (irEDLS) in body fluids, two studies were carried out. Plasma and urine levels of irEDLS were measured in uremic and normal subjects. Extracted material was fractionated (12 fractions) and assayed by digoxin radioimmunoassay. In four fractions, higher levels of irEDLS were found in uremic than in normal plasma
Avoiding severe global warming requires large-scale removals of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Forest regeneration offers cost-effective carbon removals, but annual rates vary substantially by location and forest age. Here we generate grid-level (~1-km2) growth curves for aboveground live carbon in naturally regrowing forests by combining 109,708 field estimates with 66 environmental covariates. Acro
Quantifying the spatial and temporal patterns of drought characteristics is crucial, given the increasing frequency and intensity of drought events over the past 20 years in China. However, the patterns of drought frequency and duration in different regions and their differences remain unclear. Traditional indices for detecting and quantifying droughts, such as the Standardized Precipitation Evapo
Microplastics (MPs) in biosolids used as soil amendments are of growing concern. The purpose of this study was to improve the characterization of MPs in complex biosolid matrices by optimizing sample preparation for morphological and chemical analyses with different spectroscopic techniques. We compared extraction procedures involving Fenton oxidation (F), Fenton plus sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS),
Aim: This study investigated how human activities and local environmental variables shape tree assemblages (species composition in a defined location), comparing their effects on edible and inedible tree species. Three hypotheses were tested: (1) Environmental filtering impacts spatial beta-diversity more than dispersal limitation; (2) human activities significantly influence regional tree beta-di
In order to accurately assess the quality of low-resolution biogeophysical parameter products, accurate scale transformations are essential. However, different scaling models often lead to inconsistent transformation results. More worryingly, many biogeophysical parameters are not scale-invariant, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which makes the quality assessment of low-
For many years, questions about the future have been marginalised within the social sciences: asking how we might live in a post-fossil society, or what are the key decisions and events that could take us there, has been seen as outside of the disciplinary scope. In this chapter – which takes as its point of departure the ‘speculative turn’ that is increasingly inspiring a range of works, from for
