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Spatiotemporal analysis of long-term changes in air temperature is of prime importance for climate change research and the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. Although there is considerable research on air temperature change across the globe, most of it has been on linear trends and time series analysis of nonlinear trends has not received enough attention. Here, we anal

Proper emergency evacuation planning is a key to ensuring the safety and efficiency of resources allocation in disaster events. An efficient evacuation plan can save human lives and avoid other effects of disasters. To develop effective evacuation plans, this study proposed a multi-objective optimization model that assigns individuals to emergency shelters through safe evacuation routes during the

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis, and other diseases, contributing significantly to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although it responds to antibiotics, their use is becoming limited due to the rise in antibiotic resistance, which necessitates the development of new therapeutics. Nanotechnology is used to counteract anti

Despite a large number of studies, out of all drivers of radiative forcing, the effect of aerosols has the largest uncertainty in global climate model radiative forcing estimates. There have been studies of aerosol optical properties in climate models, but the effects of particle number size distribution need a more thorough inspection. We investigated the trends and seasonality of particle number

3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA) is a secondary organic aerosol and can be used as a unique emission marker of biogenic emissions of monoterpenes. Seasonal variations and differences in vegetation cover around the world may lead to low atmospheric MBTCA concentrations, in many cases too low to be measured. Hence, an important

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found wherever human is in direct or indirect contact with contaminated water and environment. Considering the increasing number of cases of this disease in the northern part of Iran, identifying areas characterized by high disease incidence risk can help policy-makers develop strategies to prevent its further spread. This study presents an approach for generati

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death for individuals infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Conversely, HIV is the most important risk factor in the progression of TB from the latent to the active status. In order to manage this double epidemic situation, an integrated approach that includes HIV management in TB patients was proposed by the World Health Organizati

To understand the developmental trajectories in early lymphocyte differentiation, we identified differentially expressed surface markers on lineage-negative lymphoid progenitors (LPs). Single-cell polymerase chain reaction experiments allowed us to link surface marker expression to that of lineage-associated transcription factors (TFs) and identify GFRA2 and BST1 as markers of early B cells. Funct

LED-ljusen har utvecklats i snabb takt under de senaste tio åren och de är idag de ljus som är mest attraktiva för många köpare. Det som gör dem så attraktiva är främst deras höga energieffektivitet jämfört med traditionella glödlampor. I linje med hur vi försöker handskas med klimatförändringarna och alla de hotbilder för människor och natur som denna utveckling förknippas med, så behöver vi ta t

BACKGROUND: Spatial epidemiological analyses primarily depend on spatially-indexed medical records. Some countries have devised ways of capturing patient-specific spatial details using ZIP codes, postcodes or personal numbers, which are geocoded. However, for most resource-constrained African countries, the absence of a means to capture patient resident location as well as inexistence of spatial d

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of education (ED) plus home exercise (HE) and ED plus supervised exercise (SE) according to information provided by the Better Management of Patients With Osteoarthritis (BOA) Registry, a nationally implemented rehabilitation program for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, we investigated whether or not the effect of the treatments d

Clinical trials examining insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF1R)-targeting strategies have emphasized that better predictive biomarkers are required to improve patient selection. Immunohistochemical tumor-specific protein expression of IGF1R, insulin receptor (InsR), and phosphorylated IGF1R/InsR (pIGF1R/InsR) individually and combined in relation to breast cancer prognosis was evaluated in

Objectives. To compare the correspondence of discharges and diagnoses between medical records and an administrative database in diabetic patients with foot ulcers and to calculate inpatient costs from the different sources. Design. Discharge data from 117 prospectively followed patients were compared with information from the Swedish Inpatient Registry during the same treatment period for each pat

Min frågeställning är vilken roll Folkhögskolans hade förr och har nu ? Jag har försökt att beskriva dess utveckling, förändring, problem och möjligheter. Jag går tillbaka till år 1844 då den första folkhögskolan startades i Röddinge i Danmark av prästen och folkbildaren Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig. Jag vill försöka ge en bild av folkhögskolans pedagogik, lärare och elever. Jag vill nu ocks

Att uppskatta lövyteindex med satellitdata Vegetation har unika spektrala egenskaper som kan användas inom fjärranalys för att få information om viktiga ekologiska parametrar, som t.ex löyteindex (eng. leaf area index, LAI, lövyta per markenhet). LAI styr många ekologiska processer som fotosyntes och transpiration. Med hjälp av satellitbilder kan man uppskatta LAI i stor skala. Vegetation absorLeaf area index, LAI, is an important biophysical parameter in ecological modeling. It is the ratio of leaf area per unit ground area. To obtain LAI over large areas in a fast and convenient way the use of satellite data is important. Aim of the project was to determine if there is a relationship between LAI and red-, NIR reflectance and a couple of vegetation indices: Global Environment Monitorin

Vår undersökning har följt den svenske rapartisten Einár genom hans karriär. Vi har observerat olika händelser som han har uppmärksammats för, som att han har vunnit pris, att han har blivit kidnappad och rånad, och att han slutligen har blivit skjuten och avled till följd av en skottlossning. Källorna som används är diverse artiklar från SVT Nyheter (som finansieras av public service). I vår anal

The situation for the environment is in many ways dire. However, amidst all the negative environmental developments it is easy to neglect the successes that have actually happened. With the aim of better understanding what factors facilitated such a success this thesis analyses one such case, namely emissions of dioxins and chlorinated waste from the pulp and paper industry in Sweden. Dioxins were

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid en knäprotesoperation ersätts ledytorna i knäet med en protes gjord av metall och plast. Den vanligaste orsaken till denna operation är artros(ledsvikt. Antalet knäprotesoperationer ökar stadigt och 2009 utfördes 12,700 förstagångsoperationer i Sverige. Resultaten är överlag goda men en allvarlig komplikation som drabbar mellan 1 och 2% av patienterna är bakterieinfThe Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) was used to identify 478 cases that underwent a first-time revision with exchange or removal of the prosthesis due to infection during the years 1986–2000. 30% of the infections were diagnosed within 3 months from primary operation and two-thirds were diagnosed within 2 years. These cases frequently had a history of wound complication after the primar