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In the traditional model of international law, to which however reality has never exactly corresponded, situations of armed violence fall into clearly defined categories which in their turn appertained to a certain set of rules of international law applicable. For armed conflicts between sovereign states ('war'), international humanitarian law provides a full body of rules. On the other ha
With the identification of novel antibiotics from nature being pivotal in the fight against human pathogenic bacteria, there is an urgent need for effective methodologies for expedited screening of crude extracts. Here we report the development and validation of a simple and dye-free antimicrobial assay in 96-well microplate format, for both determination of IC50 values and high-resolution inhibit
The adaptive matched filter (AMF) is a method widely used in spectral unmixing to classify different tissue chromophores in photoacoustic images. However, a threshold needs to be applied to the AMF detection image to distinguish the desired tissue chromophores from the background. In this study, we propose an automatic threshold selection (ATS) algorithm capable of differentiating a target from th
Clinical monitoring of blood oxygen saturation (sO2) is traditionally performed using optical techniques, such as pulse oximetry and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), which lack spatial resolution. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a rapidly developing biomedical imaging technique that is superior to previous techniques in that it combines optical excitation and acoustic detection, providing a
Objectives: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is difficult to diagnose using clinical criteria and no biomarkers have yet been proved to be sufficiently accurate. The use of the neutrophil-derived Heparin-binding protein (HBP) as a biomarker for pneumonia was investigated in this exploratory case–control study in two intensive care units at a tertiary referral hospital. Methods: Patients with
A search for charged Higgs bosons decaying into a top quark and a bottom quark is presented. The data analysed correspond to 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The production of a heavy charged Higgs boson in association with a top quark and a bottom quark, pp → tbH+ → tbtb, is explored in the H+ mass range from 200 to 2000 GeV using fi
This study demonstrates the use of a photoelectrochemical device comprising earth-abundant hematite photoanode for the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), a versatile bio-based platform chemical, under ambient conditions in the presence of an electron mediator. The results obtained in this study showed that the hematite photoanode, upon doping with fluorine, can oxidize water even at low
This study seeks to investigate how stormwater drainage systems in coastal cities respond to climate change in terms of simultaneous sea level rise and rainfall. 7.5 years of recorded rainfall and sea level data in the city of Trelleborg in Sweden were used to generate projections of future climate events based on the emission scenario RCP8.5. Twelve scenarios were formulated to represent rain and
Objectives To describe the prevalence of comorbidities in a population referred to standardised first-line intervention (patient education and exercise) for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), in comparison with the general population. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate if eventual differences were associated with socioeconomic inequalities. Design Register-based study. Setting Primary healthcare, Sw
BACKGROUND: Contact allergy to oxidized (ox.) linalool and ox. limonene has been reported to have a high prevalence, raising the question of inclusion into the baseline series. However, several important issues should be clarified and further investigated before inclusion can be warranted.OBJECTIVES: To report the trends of ox. terpenes allergy in patients with dermatitis, features of the patch te
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to enhanced hygiene procedures and use of personal protective equipment, but also to increased attention to occupational skin disease in healthcare workers. The occurrence of hand and facial skin disease in > 5,000 Swedish healthcare workers was investigated in a questionnaire survey. Levels of skin exposure related to hygiene procedures and personal protective equipm
utoradiography is defined as technologies and methods used to produce a two-dimensional image of the distribution of activity in, or on, a thin and solid sample that is in close proximity to the detector. The images are usually formed by charged particles (α or β±), and image characteristics are determined both by the detector and the properties of the particles detected. This method is not widely
Hydrothermal processes are an attractive clean technology and cost-effective engineering platform for biorefineries based in the conversion of biomass to biofuels and high-value bioproducts under the basis of sustainability and circular bioeconomy. The deep and detailed knowledge of the structural changes by the severity of biomasses hydrothermal fractionation is scientifically and technological n
Plasma concentrations of many cardiovascular and inflammatory proteins are altered after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and may provide prognostic information. We conducted a large-scale proteomic analysis in patients with STEMI, correlating protein levels to infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) determined with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. We analysed 131 c
Integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) is widely recognized as a solution for reducing the risk and impacts of disasters. However, successful integration seems elusive, and the two goals continue to function in isolation and in parallel. This article provides empirical insights into the perceived effects of separating government institutions for DRR and CC
Identification of prostate gold fiducial markers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images is challenging when CT images are not available, due to misclassifications from intra-prostatic calcifications. It is also a time consuming task and automated identification methods have been suggested as an improvement for both objectives. Multi-echo gradient echo (MEGRE) images have been utilized for manu
Occupation can be defined as all activities that occupy a person’s time. The Satisfaction with Daily Occupations and Occupational Balance instrument evaluates the perceived satisfaction with performance and the balance in time dedicated to different occupations. The main aim was to translate the original instrument to Spanish and examine and establish the psychometric properties. This is a quantit
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether ease of access to alcohol at the neighborhood level moderates the impact of familial liability and marital status on risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Method: Individuals in Sweden were divided into those residing in a neighborhood with (n = 14.1%) versus without (n = 85.9%) an alcohol outlet (bars/nightclubs or government stores). A
Country case study for an international report on the COVID-19 management in 16 countries with a focus on health, economic, and political dimensions and outcomes.
