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Radiative lifetimes of 17 high-lying excited states in Rh I aremeasured using the time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence method. Out of these lifetimes, 13 are new and the remaining four confirm previous measurements. Furthermore, we report the first theoretical investigation of Rh I, where the radiative decay properties of all experimentally known levels below 47 000 cm(-1) are calculated using
Nitrogen (N) is a key element in terrestrial ecosystems as it influences both plant growth and plant interactions with the atmosphere. Accounting for carbon–nitrogen interactions has been found to alter future projections of the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle substantially. Dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) aim to accurately represent both natural vegetation and managed land, not only from a carbon c
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) deficient patients develop life threatening haematotoxicity (for example, pancytopenia) when treated with a standard dose of azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) due to excessive accumulation of cytotoxic metabolites. At present, it is generally recommended that these patients should not receive AZA or 6-MP treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. W
A national debate about how to transform and to ‘green’ the problematic housing stocks from the boom era has been going on since the late 1990s. Different kinds of policy instruments with energy efficiency objectives that address either energy systems, energy sources or construction and renovation of the building envelope have been in use. Some policy instruments have combined green objectives wit
The appearance of coherent artifact signals in transient absorption spectroscopy employing a spectrally integrated detection system is studied. The influence of the detection design on the shape of the observed signal is detailed and the experimentally very important case, in which the shape of the coherent artifact is strongly influenced by the presence of the sample itself, is considered - leadi
Most bilateral tax treaties contain provisions with the objective of preventing different types of treaty abuse. Limitation on benefits clauses are an example of such provisions, and are generally found in United States tax treaties. These include various tests, which need to be fulfilled by a taxpayer wishing to enjoy the benefits of a tax treaty. Most of the United States tax treaties with EU Me
The Global Land-Atmosphere Climate Experiment-Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (GLACE-CMIP5) is a multimodel experiment investigating the impact of soil moisture-climate feedbacks in CMIP5 projections. We present here first GLACE-CMIP5 results based on five Earth System Models, focusing on impacts of projected changes in regional soil moisture dryness (mostly increases) on late 21st c
Research has identified the central role played by shame within a wide spectrum of public health issues including several common and serious threats to psychological and physical public health including depressions, dependency of substances, eating disorders, suicide, violence and sexual abuse. Shame has been described as “the master emotion of everyday life” but it is an emotional condition which
There are two purposes of thesis, the first is to determine: How efficient are Ready-To-Sell packaging solutions through IKEAs supply chain? And the second is to determine: To what level are Ready-To-Sell packaging solutions utilized at IKEA stores? If the solutions aren’t used as intended, what is the reason? Based on the result from the case study the objective is to: Identify possible potential
Den 2 december 2016 firar den svenska tryckfriheten 250 år. Tryckfrihetens första halvsekel var en turbulent tid då inte mindre än fem olika tryckfrihetsförordningar infördes. Denna uppsats undersöker perioden 1766-1812 ur ett rättshistoriskt perspektiv med frågeställningar kring vilken historisk och idémässig kontext som låg till grund för förändringarna. Detta görs med fokus på den värdsliga cenThe Swedish freedom of the press celebrates its 250th anniversary on December 2, 2016. Its first half-century was however a turbulent time when no less than five different acts on the freedom of the press were introduced between 1766 and 1812. This paper examines this period from a legal historical perspective. The paper aims to answer questions concerning the historical context and the idea basis
En konkurrensklausul är en förpliktelse i konkurrensförebyggande syfte och är ofta förekommande vid företagsöverlåtelser. Vid företagsförvärv som innefattar goodwill och/eller know-how uppkommer ett behov för köparen att söka skydd mot att säljaren, med sitt försprång, efter förvärvet inte startar upp en ny konkurrerande verksamhet. Den rådande konkurrenssituationen kan vara en förutsättning för aA non-competition clause is an undertaking in competition prevention and is frequently used in a company transfers. In the case of company acquisitions that include goodwill and/or expertise, a need arises for the buyer to seek protection that the vendor, with its lead, does not start up a new, competing business after the acquisition. The current competitive situation may be a prerequisite for th
The cellphone footage of Daniel Penny, a 24-year-old white man in his twenties, choking the life out of Jordan Neely, a 30-year-old Black man, in a New York City subway car during the summer of 2023 made headlines around the globe. The story took off in part because it was identified by the press as existing within the long history of American vigilantism, one that dates to the very founding of th
Fastställande av faderskap har historiskt haft stor betydelse i Sverige och varit avgörande för barns rättsliga och sociala ställning. Under lång tid gjordes en tydlig åtskillnad mellan barn födda inom och utom äktenskap, där barn utom äktenskap hade begränsade rättigheter. Sexuella relationer utom äktenskap var länge kriminaliserade och det kvarlevande stigmat kom även att prägla lagstiftningen oThe establishment of paternity has historically been of great significance in Sweden and has been decisive for children’s legal and social status. For a long time, a clear distinction was made between children born within and outside of marriage, where children born outside of marriage had limited rights. Sexual relations outside of marriage were long criminalized, and the lingering stigma also ca
Gaia Near InfraRed, or GaiaNIR for short, is a proposed successor to the original Gaia satellite. Its main improvement over the Gaia satellite is the fact that GaiaNIR will observe in the infrared spectrum. This would allow the telescope to see through the heavy extinction of the Milky Way, as the interstellar gas and dust obstructs light mainly in the visible spectrum. A selection function utiliz
The ongoing development of the Global Carbon Project (GCP) global methane (CH4) budget shows a continuation of increasing CH4 emissions and CH4 accumulation in the atmosphere during 2000–2017. Here, we decompose the global budget into 19 regions (18 land and 1 oceanic) and five key source sectors to spatially attribute the observed global trends. A comparison of top-down (TD) (atmospheric and tran
In order to meet the increasing needs of housing and services in urban areas, cities are densified. When densifying a city, it is important to provide good living conditions while maintaining a low environmental impact. To ensure this, the urban planning process should include simulations of e.g. noise and daylight conditions. In this paper we describe a newly started projected directed towards th
BACKGROUND: Serial assessment of phosphorus is currently recommended by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines, but its additional value versus a single measurement is uncertain. METHODS: We studied data from 17 414 HD patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study, a prospective cohort study, and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) by multiplying the
Biogeochemical models use meteorological forcing data derived with different approaches(e.g. based on interpolation or reanalysis of observation data or a hybrid hereof) to simulateecosystem processes such as gross primary productivity (GPP). This study assesses theimpact of different widely used climate datasets on simulated gross primary productivity andevaluates the suitability of them for repr
The extreme 2018 hot drought that affected central and northern Europe led to the worst wildfire season in Sweden in over a century. The Ljusdal fire complex, the largest area burnt that year (8995 ha), offered a rare opportunity to quantify the combined impacts of wildfire and post-fire management on Scandinavian boreal forests. We present chamber measurements of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes, soil mic
