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Collimated sprays of paticle, known as jets,are abundantly produced in high-energy proton-proton (pp) collisions, and are predicted by many theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. This thesis reports first on the calibration of jets with focus on the data-driven in situ calibration. Two searches for new physics phenomena in events with jets in the final state are then presented. The analyse
We study the propagation and diffusion of electric charge fluctuations in the Bjorken hydrodynamic model with both white and Catteneo noise using purely numerical methods. We show that a lattice of noise fluctuations is required to fully calculate the two-point correlators of charge. We introduce a numerical procedure to solve the stochastic differential equations that arise from the charge conser
Several new polydentate and potentially dinucleating ligands have been synthesized in order to model the coordination environments of a number of structurally related dinuclear active sites in metalloenzymes, including methane monooxygenase, the ribonucleotide reductase R2 protein, urease, arginase, red kidney bean purple acid phosphatase and zinc phosphotriesterase.~ Ligands 1 and 2 have proven t
Street-level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM) exceed public health standards in many cities, causing increased mortality and morbidity. Concentrations can be reduced by controlling emissions, increasing dispersion, or increasing deposition rates, but little attention has been paid to the latter as a pollution control method. Both NO2 and PM are deposited onto su
Human rights statements on intersex characteristics distinguish legitimate “medically necessary” interventions from illegitimate normalizing ones. Ironically, this binary classification seems partially grounded in knowledge of anatomy and medical interventions; the very expertise that human rights statements challenge. Here, 23 European health professionals from specialist “disorder of sex developHuman rights statements on intersex characteristics distinguish legitimate “medically necessary” interventions from illegitimate normalizing ones. Ironically, this binary classification seems partially grounded in knowledge of anatomy and medical interventions; the very expertise that human rights statements challenge. Here, 23 European health professionals from specialist “disorder of sex develop
Adipose tissue plays a major role in regulating whole-body energy metabolism. While the biochemical processes regulating storage and release of excess energy are well known, the temporal organization of these events is much less defined. In this study, we have characterized the presence of small surface-associated lipid droplets, distinct from the central droplet, in primary human adipocytes. Base
MuscleAtlasExplorer is a freely available web application that allows for the exploration of gene expression data from human skeletal muscle. It draws from an extensive publicly available dataset of 1654 skeletal muscle expression microarray samples. Detailed, manually curated, patient phenotype data, with information such as age, sex, BMI and disease status, are combined with skeletal muscle gene
Vanuatu is one of the most hazard prone nations in the world and frequently tops the World Risk Report as the nation with the highest overall disaster risk. The devastation wrought by category 5 cyclone Pam (2015), the El Niño drought (2015/16), and volcanic eruptions in Ambae (2018), are but a few recent examples of disasters which have disrupted livelihoods and curtailed development. The Vanuatu
Objective: To investigate the frequency, predictors, and outcomes of neurologic injury in adults treated with postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (PC-ECMO). Design: A retrospective multicenter registry study. Setting: Twenty-one European institutions where cardiac surgery is performed. Participants: A total of 781 adult patients who required PC-ECMO during 2010 to 2018 were divided
Between 2014 and 2019, an innovative small-pyrolysis system (the PPV300) using agrowaste as feedstock was transferred and adapted from Switzerland to Vietnam by a United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) project. The coffee husk resulting from the processing of coffee beans is usually disposed of in Vietnam or burned inefficiently to dry coffee beans. Small-scale pyrolysis of cof
Laser-based Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for non-intrusive measurements of chemical composition in gas, liquid, and solids. However, weak signals make it challenging to employ the technique for diagnostics under harsh conditions with various background interferences. To overcome such limitations, we have devised a method, polarization lock-in filtering (PLF) based on temporal modulat
The RNA integrity number (RIN) is a frequently used quality metric to assess the completeness of rRNA, as a proxy for the corresponding mRNA in a tissue. Current methods operate at bulk resolution and provide a single average estimate for the whole sample. Spatial transcriptomics technologies have emerged and shown their value by placing gene expression into a tissue context, resulting in transcri
BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are susceptible to hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, conditions which may lead to adverse neurodevelopment. The use of continuous glucose monitoring devices (CGM) might help keeping glucose levels in the normal range, and reduce the need for blood sampling. However, the use of CGM might be associated with harms in the preterm infant. OBJECTIVES: Objective one: to assess t
For infants and their families, sleep consolidation is important in maturing neural and circadian rhythms, and in family dynamics. The Possums Infant Sleep Program is a cued care approach to infant sleep, responding to infant cues in a flexible manner, dialing down the infant’s sympathetic nervous system. The current study evaluated the effect of the Possums program on infant sleep and breastfeedi
Responding to today's often transboundary emergencies, frequently characterized by unclear root causes and indistinct responsibilities as well as multiple actors, will require that responding actors come together to meet societal needs and solve problems arising in relation to those needs. In collective problem solving, representing the problem is crucial, especially in emergency situations, where
Synaptic pathology is a central event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions, and investigation of synaptic proteins can provide valuable tools to follow synaptic dysfunction and loss in these diseases. Neuroligin-1 (Nlgn1) is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein, important for synapse stabilization and formation. Nlgn1 has been connected to cognitive disorders, and spe
Substantial progress has been achieved in the last couple of decades in computing the electronic structure of correlated materials from first principles. This progress has been driven by parallel development in theory and numerical algorithms. Theoretical development in combining ab initio approaches and many-body methods is particularly promising. A crucial role is also played by a systematic met
A broad measurement range of glucose is often required in clinical analysis, especially for diabetic patients where glucose levels can be very high. Pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH) has previously been used in electrochemical quantification of glucose with an extended linear range. However, in real sample determination of glucose, interferences from electroactive substances
Due to critical impacts of air pollution, prediction and monitoring of air quality in urban areas are important tasks. However, because of the dynamic nature and high spatio-temporal variability, prediction of the air pollutant concentrations is a complex spatio-temporal problem. Distribution of pollutant concentration is influenced by various factors such as the historical pollution data and weat
Summary: The Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) Consensus Meeting endorsed by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies (AFOS), and Asia Pacific Osteoporosis Foundation (APOF) was hosted by the Taiwanese Osteoporosis Association on October 14, 2017. International and domestic experts reviewed the 13 Best Practice Framework (BPF) standards and concluded
