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In pre-clinical imaging, tumor response to radionuclide therapy can be monitored with PET imaging. Radionuclides used for therapy such as 177Lu emit a significant amount of low energy photons. These photons may have an energy high enough to penetrate the imaged object and are the prone to be detected. Although these phtons are likely to be rejected electronically, they add dead-time to the system
We present a method for estimating the trap distributions on each of the surfaces in a multi-gate MOSFET. We perform I-V hysteresis measurements on InGaAs Tri-gate MOSFETs with various channel widths (25, 60 and 100 nm) from which top surface and side wall trap distributions are determined. We show that the total trap distribution of a device can be expressed as a linear combination of the top sur
In the era of the Internet of Things and social media; communities, governments, and corporations are increasingly eager to exploit new technological innovations in order to track and keep up to date with important new events. Examples of such events include the news, health related incidents, and other major occurrences such as earthquakes and landslides. This area of research commonly referred t
Freezing is a widely used method of preserving food products. Efforts are currently being directed towards improving the quality of sensitive tissues of plant foods such as leaves, after freezing and thawing. One of the methods under investigation is the combination of vacuum impregnation (VI) with cryoprotectants and the application of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to the plant tissue prior to fr
In the past couple of decades, major efforts were made to increase reliability of metabolic assessments by magnetic resonance methods. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been valuable for providing in vivo evidence and investigating biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia. Alterations of glutamate and glutamine levels in brains of schizophrenia patients relative to he
We present a dual-wavelength polarimetric measurement method to distinguish species and sexes of disease transmitting mosquitoes in flight. By measuring co- and de-polarized backscattered light at 808 and 1550nm, the degree of linear polarization, wingbeat frequency, reflectance, spectral ratio and glossiness of mosquitoes can be retrieved. Body and wing contributions to these signals can be separ
Objective: To identify circulating angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers with potential in screening for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and in early diagnosis and determination of treatment response in PAH. Method: Plasma samples were taken at the time of PAH diagnosis and at treatment follow-up after a median (interquartile range) of 4 months (3–9.8 months) in
Background: As a renewable energy solution, photovoltaics (PVs) are crucial in the transition to a more sustainable energy system. Besides large PV installations, household adoption of PVs will be an important contribution to this transition. However, the adoption of PVs on a household level faces many barriers, with gathering and understanding information being one of the major barriers. The aim
The world has become increasingly telecoupled through distant flows of information, energy, people, organisms, goods, and matter. Recent advances suggest that telecouplings such as trade and species invasion often generate spillover systems with profound effects. To untangle spillover complexity, we make the first attempt to develop a typology of spillover systems based on six criteria: flows from
In addition to money or other compensation, other motives for selling sex may be important in a welfare country such as Sweden. The aim of this study was to carry out an exploratory investigation of adolescents’ motives for selling sex in a population-based survey in Sweden. A total of 5839 adolescents from the third year of Swedish high school, mean age 18.0 years, participated in the study. The
Recurrent use of the Housing Enabler instrument has highlighted methodological challenges of broader scientific interest, namely interactions between personal functional capacity (P) and exposures to features (here potential barriers) in the built housing environment (E). This study aimed to propose and illustrate an analytic approach, separating P × E interaction effects (here accessibility probl
Crisis preparedness planning work can be characterized as complex and challenging being performed in large public organizations requiring communication and cooperation with many people. This paper reports on a bottom-up study investigating the pre-requisites for efficient crisis preparedness work, as well as motivational factors for implementing crisis preparedness decisions, which might be studie
Objectives: The aims of this study are (1) to compare dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and bioimpedance for body composition measurements in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease, and (2) to investigate factors associated with any measurement differences. Design and Methods: This is a substudy using some baseline data from a randomized controlled clinical trial. One hundred twent
Pro-inflammatory and amyloidogenic S100A9 protein is an important contributor to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is viewed as a precursor state for AD. Here we have shown that S100A9-driven amyloid-neuroinflammatory cascade was initiated in TBI and may serve as a mechanistic link between TBI and AD. By analyzing the TBI and AD human brain tissues, we demonstrated t
The public sector is showing increased interest in Mobility as a Service (MaaS), as its introduction and market penetration is proposed to potentially disrupt the personal transport system. However, involved public actors are approaching MaaS very differently. This paper applies a neo-institutional perspective to study the activities of public actors in the ongoing development of MaaS in Finland a
Dispersion forces such as van der Waals forces between two microscopic particles, the Casimir-Polder forces between a particle and a macroscopic object, or the Casimir force between two dielectric objects are well studied in vacuum. However, in realistic situations the interacting objects are often embedded in an environmental medium. Such a solvent influences the induced dipole interaction. With
Earth system models (ESMs) are key tools for providing climate projections under different scenarios of human-induced forcing. ESMs include a large number of additional processes and feedbacks such as biogeochemical cycles that traditional physical climate models do not consider. Yet, some processes such as cloud dynamics and ecosystem functional response still have fairly high uncertainties. In t
With increasing emphasis on the control of greenhouse gases, power plants may move towards oxy-fuel technologies rather than air-fired plants. This move leads to a change in the feed to the desulfurization unit, which also needs to be adapted along with the power plant. Most existing plants already have functioning desulfurization units, which need to be retrofitted for the new conditions. In the
