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Computed tomography (CT) is a widespread diagnostic modality that is commonly associated with relatively high patient doses. Hence, optimization of radiation protection of the patients from CT examinations is extremely important. An integrant part of radiation protection in medicine is a system of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of establish
A socially mixed population is a politically stated ambition in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. By providing a variety of tenure alternatives – i.e. rental and ownership housing – throughout all neighborhoods it is presumed this objective could be at least partially fulfilled. Since current tenure proportions display a weak balance in many neighborhoods it could consequently be assumed that gove
Background: Patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM) are increasingly operated with liver resection before resection of the primary cancer. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes in patients following the liver-first strategy and the classical strategy (resection of the bowel first) using prospectively registered data from two nationwide registries. Methods: Clinical, p
What explains variation in military spending? Conventional wisdom suggests that states arm because of either foreign threats or domestic political institutions. The literature treats these factors as distinct and separate (Nordhaus et. al. 2012, Fordham and Walker 2005, Goldsmith 2003). Less attention is given to how states with different internal constraints respond to similar circumstances. This
We explore a promising new approach to understanding the neural filter mechanisms intermediate in motion processing at low luminance. We carefully account for the known filter properties of early stages of visual processing in a nocturnal moth, and then measured spatiotemporal tuning of higher order neurons. We then use a computational model to identify likely strategies used to reject noisy signa
We have developed an integrative analysis method combining genetic interactions, identified using type l diabetes genome scan data, and a high-confidence human protein interaction network. Resulting networks were ranked by the significance of the enrichment of proteins from interacting regions. We identified a number of new protein network modules and novel candidate genes/ proteins for type 1 dia
This study prospectively evaluated the rate of biologic response to desmopressin (DDAVP) in 66 patients with type I or 2 von Willebrand disease (VWD), each of whom had, on the basis of available records, a clinically significant bleeding history and at least one of the following laboratory abnormalities: bleeding time (BT) longer than 15 minutes, ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) less than 10
Objective: In this study, our aim was to investigate how different immunohistochemical techniques may influence the result of BCL6 positivity and categorization in germinal center (GC) and non-GC derived diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as it has been proposed that classification of DLBCL according to cell-of-origin by immunohistochemistry may be performed as a routine procedure in the diagn
OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of identifying and treating asymptomatic female carriers of Chlamydia trachomatis. DESIGN: Cost-effectiveness analysis based on previously reported cohort analytic studies and average salaries and costs of medical care in Sweden. SETTING: Women attending youth, family planning, and gynecology clinics. PARTICIPANTS: 1000 women and their male sex partners.
We characterize and control the harmonic emission in the spectral and spatial domains in order to define in which conditions the harmonic radiation can be a high-quality seed for soft x-ray and x-ray free-electron lasers. The length of the gas cell, where harmonics are generated, was optimized and the energy per pulse was determined in absolute value with a calibrated x-ray photodiode. The beam sp
BACKGROUND: Improving human nuclear transfer (NT) efficiencies is paramount for the development of patient-specific stem cell lines, although the opportunities remain limited owing to difficulties in obtaining fresh mature oocytes. METHODS: Therefore, the developmental competence of aged, failed-to-fertilize human oocytes as an alternate cytoplasmic source for NT was assessed and compared with use
National policies emphasize older people's right to autonomy, yet nursing home residents often have restricted opportunities to make decisions about everyday matters. We use qualitative interview data to analyze staff members' explanations of actions that conflict with both social norms and national policies. Two types of problematic actions are discussed: restrictions of elderly residents' influe
Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine which leads in the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) are the best for detecting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among chest pain patients in the emergency department. Methods: Neural network classifiers were used to determine the predictive capability of individual leads and combinations of leads from 862 ECCs from chest pain
This work describes the development of a heavy-metal biosensor based on either recombinant 6His-Tag glutathione S-transferase (GST-(His)(6)) or glutathione S-transferase Theta 2-2 (GST-theta 2-2), and a capacitive transducer. The dynamic range of the pure bovine liver GST-Theta 2-2 biosensor was 1 fM to 1mM for Zn2+, and 10pM to 1mM for Cd2+. The GST-(His) 6 biosensor was able to detect Zn2+ and C
Confidentiality is a major determinant of the accessibility and acceptability of sexual and reproductive health care for adolescents. Previous research has revealed that Lithuanian adolescents lack confidence in guarantees of confidentiality in primary health care settings. This study aimed to assess the factors that affect general practitioners' decisions whether to respect confidentiality for Li
The overall structure of the biogenic amine subclass of the G-protein-coupled receptors, and of their ligand binding sites, is discussed with the aim of highlighting the major structural features of these receptors that are responsible for ligand recognition. A comparison is made between biogenic amine receptors, peptide receptors of the rhodopsin class, and the secretin receptors which all have p
The preganglionic nerves of the rat urinary bladder were cut. The decentralized bladders gained markedly in weight. Both one and four weeks post-operatively, transmural nerve stimulation evoked contractile responses of the muscle strips of the decentralized bladders, that were of the same magnitude as those of the control bladders. However, four weeks post-operatively, the atropine resistant fract
Treatment of severe bleeding and the performance of surgery in haemophilia patients with inhibitors creates severe problems. It is generally agreed that treatment is most effective if circulating levels of factor VIII/IX can be achieved long enough for control of haemostasis. Immunoadsorption with protein A for the removal of inhibitor has improved treatment for patients with initial inhibitor tit
The camera eyes of fishes and cephalopods have come forth by convergent evolution. In a variety of vertebrates capable of color vision, longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of the optical system is corrected for by the exactly tuned longitudinal spherical aberration (LSA) of the crystalline lens. The LSA leads to multiple focal lengths, such that several wavelengths can be focused on the retina
