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Objective: To examine foetal lung blood perfusion using power Doppler ultrasound (PDU) and to compare fractional moving blood volume (FMBV) and mean pixel intensity (MPI) estimations in the lungs of normally grown (NG) foetuses and foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and also to correlate foetal lung FMBV and MPI with respiratory complications after birth. Methods: Lungs of 47 NG
Background. We started a large multicenter prospective follow-up study to provide reliable risk estimates of venous thrombosis in families with various thrombophilic defects. Objectives: This paper describes data collected at study entry on venous events experienced before study inclusion, i.e. the baseline data. Patients/methods: All individuals (probands, relatives) registered in nine European t
Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish wild-type MIC distributions of first-line drugs for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as to explore the usefulness of such distributions when setting clinical breakpoints. Methods: We determined the MICs of rifampicin, isonlazid and ethambutol for M. tuberculosis using a Middlebrook 7H10 dilution method for 90 consecutive clinical isolates, 8 re
BACKGROUND: Cerebral injury is the most important complication of cardiac operations with cardiopulmonary bypass. Prolonged total circulatory arrest (TCA) can expose patients to an even greater risk of cerebral injury. We sought to detect the degree of cerebral injury in adults who had thoracic aortic operations with TCA by measuring S100B protein, which is released into the circulation after cere
The reason for the particularly increased risk for cardiovascular complications in diabetic women is still unclear. We have previously found decreased distensibility of elastic arteries in type I diabetic women, indicating increased cardiac load, not seen in type I diabetic men, which might be one contributing factor. Whether the effect of gender is different in muscular arteries in type I diabeti
Background: Little is known about the influence of racemic ketamine on autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), and available reports regarding its influence on cerebral hemodynamics are contradictory. This study was designed to evaluate cerebrovascular responses to changes in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) during ketamine anesthesia. Methods: In eight normoventilated pigs anesthesia was in
For many patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), the replacement therapy with von Willebrand factor (VWF)/factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates is the treatment of choice. To evaluate clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of Wilate, an albumin-free VWF/FVIII concentrate with a ratio of the two haemostatic moieties of approximately 1 to 1, a prospective clinical programme has been designed. The
Objective: We report on the consequences of introducing coil embolization for the total management of and outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: In southern Sweden, a prospective analysis of all patients with SAH of verified aneurysmal origin was conducted during the 3 years when coiling was gradually being introduced. The incidence of acute or chronic hydrocephalus, vaso
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis with prostate cancer has been reported to increase the risk of subsequent tumours. However, specific data on individuals with a parental history are not available so far. METHODS: On the basis of the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database including 18,207 primary invasive prostate cancers, standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to estimate the relative risks of sub
Objective. Rosiglitazone (RSG) has been reported to reduce blood pressure (BP) in patients with type-2 diabetes, but similar effects in non-diabetic people with insulin resistance is less clear. Our aim was to test the long-term BP-lowering effects of RSG compared with placebo. Methods. We recruited participants for BP evaluation of RSG treatment from a larger intervention trial. Office BP was rec
Background: Several studies have shown impaired mental well-being and performance in physicians work on call, but knowledge of the physiological effects is scarce. The aims of the present study were to investigate if there was a metabolic stress response in the restitutional phase after night-call duty, indicating potential negative health effects, and determine whether there were differences betw
Based on the body of evidence implicating ocular blood flow disturbances in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, there is great interest in the investigation of the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on the various ocular vascular beds. The primary aim of this article was to review the current data available on the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on ocular blood
BACKGROUND.: To evaluate the predictive value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in a population-based cohort, the authors analyzed relative survival in all men with localized prostate cancer who were registered in the Swedish National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR) from 1996 to 2005. METHODS.: All men aged <75 years with localized tumors were identified in the NPCR. A Poisson regression analysis
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cost-effectiveness of varenicline with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation in four European countries (Belgium, France, Sweden and the UK). METHODS: Markov simulations, using the Benefits of Smoking Cessation on Outcomes (BENESCO) model, were performed. We simulated the incidence of four smoking-related morbidit
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disorder, caused by an expansion of a CTG triplet repeat in the DMPK gene. The aims of the present study were to classify a cohort of children with DM1, to describe their neuropsychiatric problems and cognitive level, to estimate the size of the CTG expansion, and to correlate the molecular findings with the neuropsychiatric problems. Fifty-
Objectives: To assess the extent and pattern of irreversible organ damage in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), and Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) by a cross-sectional point prevalence study within a defined geographical area. Methods: The Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI) was recorded for 86 prevalent cases, classified as 46 patients
The geographic distribution of allozyme variation within the Eurasian boreo-nemoreal woodland grass Melica nutans L. has been investigated together with a minor subset of other Melica species. Twenty alleles were found at nine polymorphic loci in M. nutans. Allelic richness was highest in areas central in the species' European distribution, i.e. in southern Fennoscandia. High population densities,
In the present study three different strains of Escherichia coli (JM 109 - a native "wild type" strain, JM 109/pBSD 1300 - a strain overproducing the membrane anchor domain of Bacillus subtilis succinate-quinone reductase, SQR, a protein that contains two transmembraneously arranged heme groups and JM109/pLUV 1900 - a strain overproducing cytochrome c(550) from B. subtilis, a protein where the cyt
